The Perception of Employees on Psychological Contract and Its Relation with Innovative Work Behavior
Öz
The term psychological contract could
be referred to as tacit anticipation, pledges, and responsibilities between employees
and employers in the organization whereas, innovative work behavior is the
creation and implementation of new ideas consciously in order to benefit from a
business role, group or organization. This study aims to investigate the
perception of psychological contract and how it relates to innovative work
behavior in diverse organizations. A qualitative method of content analysis and
quantitative method of structural equation modelling were utilized. Data was
collected through sampling of 122 employees using questionnaire and additional
6 who were interviewed. The results demonstrated that even though as a term
psychological contract has not been known by respondents, they all agree about
the presence of a psychological contract in their organization. On the other hand,
positive impact of relational contract on innovative work behaviour was
supported by results of this study.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Psychological Contract Transactional Contract Relational Contracts Innovative Work Behavior Contract
Kaynakça
- Argyris, C. (1960). Understanding organizational behaviour. Dorsey Press, Homewood.Ballou, N. S. (2013). The effects of psychological contract breach on job outcomes. San Jose State University. Master Dissertation.Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. New York: John Wiley.Cihangiroğlu, N., & Şahin, N. (2010). Organizasyonlarda önemli bir fenomen: Psikolojik sözleşme. ZKÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 6 (11), 1–16.Cihangiroğlu, N., Şahin, B., & Uzuntarla, Y. (2015). Yardımcı sağlık personelinin psikolojik sözleşmeleri ile örgütsel adalet algıları arasındaki ilişkinin analizi. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 14 (4), 293 - 299.Conway, N., & Briner, N. B., (2005). Understanding psychological contracts at work: A critical evaluation of theory and research. Oxford University Press, UK.Coyle-Shapiro, J., (2010). Psychological contracts. LSE Research Online.Çapraz, B. Ünnü, N.A. İlic, D. Kocamaz, M. Çiçekli, U. Aracıoğlu, B. Koçak, A. Kesken, J. Soyuer, H. “Çalışanlar Perspektifinden İnovatif İş Davranışının Belirleyicileri: İzmir İlinde Öncelikli Sektörlere İlişkin Bir Araştırma”, Girişimcilik ve İnovasyon Yönetimi Dergisi, 3(1), 2014, ss.49-72.Dabos, G. E., & Rousseau, D. M. (2004). Mutuality and reciprocity in the psychological contracts of employees and employers. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89 (1), 52-72.Doğan, İ. (2015). Farklı Veri Yapisi Ve Örneklem Büyüklüklerinde Yapisal Eşitlik Modellerinin Geçerliği Ve Güvenirliğinin Değerlendirilmesi. (Published Doctoral Dissertation). Eskişehir: Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Health Sciences Institute. Gouldner, A. W., (1960). The norm of reciprocity: A preliminary statement. AmericanSociological Review, 25, 161-178.De Jong, J.P.J. & Den Hartog, D.N. (2008), Innovative Work Behavior: Measurement and Validation. A working paper. EIM Business and Policy Research. Available at http://www.entrepreneurshipsme.eu/pdf-ez/h200820.pdf. Levinson, H., Price, C. R., Munden, K. J., Mandl, H. J., & Solley, C. M. (1962). Men, Management and Mental Health. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Liu, C., Huang, C., Huang, K., & Chen, K. (2013). Psychological contract breach, organizational trust and organizational citizenship behavior of hotel industry in Taiwan. Pakistan Journal of Statistics, 29(5), 635-648.Lu, Y., Shen, Y., & Zhao, L. (2015). Linking psychological contract breach and employee outcomes in China: Does leader-member exchange make a difference? The Chinese Economy, 48, 297–308.McInnis, K. J. (2012). Psychological contracts in the workplace: A mixed methods design project. London: The University of Western OntarioMillward, L. J., & Hopkins, L. J. (1998).Psychological contracts, organizational, and job commitment. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28, 1530–1556. Morrison, E. W., & Robinson, S. L. (1997).When employees feel betrayed: A model of how psychological contract violation develops. Academy of Management Review,22, 226–256 Oldham, G. R. ve Cummings, A. (1996), Employee Creativity: Personal and Contextual Factors at Work, Academy of Management Journal, 39:3, s. 607-634.Raja, U., Johns, G., & Ntalianis, F. (2004). The impact of personality on psychological contracts. Academy of Journal Management, 47, 350-367. Ramamoorthy, N. & Flood, P. C. & Slattery, T. & Sardessai, R. (2005) "Determinants of Innovative Work Behaviour: Development and Test of an Integrated Model," Creativity and Innovation Management, 14(2), pp.142-150.Rayton, B. A., & Yalabik, Z. Y. (2014). Work engagement, psychological contract breach and job satisfaction. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(17), 2382–2400.Rousseau, D. M. (1989). Psychological and implied contracts in organizations. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 2, 121–139.Rousseau, D. M. (1990). 'New hire perspectives of their own and their employer's obligations: a study of psychological contracts', Journal of Organization.Rousseau, D. M., (1995). Psychological Contracts in Organizations Understanding Written and Unwritten Agreements. California: Sage Publications Inc. Rousseau, D. M. (1996). 'Changing the deal while keeping the people', Academy of Management Executive, 10, 50-58.Sönmez, Betül. “Hemşirelerin Yenilikçi Davranışları ve Etkileyen Faktörler: Niteliksel Bir Çalışma”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, 2011.Sturgers, J., Conway, N., Guest, D., & Liefooghe, A. (2005). Managing the career deal: The psychological contract as a framework for understanding career management, organizational commitment, and work behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(1), 821-38.Thompson, M., & Heron, P., (2003). Knowledge creation and the employment relationship. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management, Seattle.Ul-Haq, I., F. A. Jam., M. U. Azeem., M. A. Ali., & T. Fatima. (2011). Psychological contract and job outcomes: Mediating role of affective commitment. African Journal of Business Management, 5(19), 7972–7979. Wellin, M., (2007). Managing the Psychological Contract: Using the Personal Deal to Increase Business Performance: Using the Personal Deal to IncreasePerformance (First Published ). USA: Gower Publishing.West, M. A. ve Farr, J. L. (1989), Innovation at Work: Psychological Perspectives, Social Behavior, 4, s. 15–30.Woodman, R. W., Sawyer, J. E., ve Griffin, R. W. (1993), Toward a Theory of Organizational Creativity, Academy of Management Review, 18:2, s. 293-321.Yuan, F. ve R. W. Woodman (2010), Innovatıve Behavıor in The Workplace: The Role of Performance and Image Outcome Expectatıons, Academy of Management Journal, 53:2, s. 323-342.
Öz
Psikolojik sözleşme terimi, kurumdaki
çalışanlar ve işverenler arasındaki zımni beklenti, taahhüt ve sorumluluklar
olarak adlandırılabilir, yenilikçi iş davranışı ise, ticari rol, grup veya
kuruluştan yararlanmak için bilinçli olarak yeni fikirlerin yaratılması ve
uygulanmasıdır. Bu çalışma psikolojik sözleşme algısını ve bunun farklı
organizasyonel ortamlarda yenilikçi iş davranışı ile ilişkisini incelemeyi
amaçlamaktadır. Nitel bir içerik analizi yöntemi ve kantitatif yapısal eşitlik
modelleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veriler anket kullanılarak ve ankete katılan
6 kişiden oluşan bir örnekleme ile toplanmıştır. Sonuçlar, çalışanlar
psikolojik sözleşme kavramını bilmemelerine rağmen, örgütlerinde psikolojik bir
sözleşmenin var olduğu konusunda hemfikir olduklarını belirtmişlerdir. Diğer
taraftan, sonuçlar ilişkisel sözleşmenin yenilikçi iş davranışı üzerindeki
olumlu etkisini desteklemiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Psikolojik Sözleşme İşlemsel Sözleşme İlişkisel Sözleşme Yenilikçi İş Davranışı Sözleşme
Kaynakça
- Argyris, C. (1960). Understanding organizational behaviour. Dorsey Press, Homewood.Ballou, N. S. (2013). The effects of psychological contract breach on job outcomes. San Jose State University. Master Dissertation.Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. New York: John Wiley.Cihangiroğlu, N., & Şahin, N. (2010). Organizasyonlarda önemli bir fenomen: Psikolojik sözleşme. ZKÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 6 (11), 1–16.Cihangiroğlu, N., Şahin, B., & Uzuntarla, Y. (2015). Yardımcı sağlık personelinin psikolojik sözleşmeleri ile örgütsel adalet algıları arasındaki ilişkinin analizi. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 14 (4), 293 - 299.Conway, N., & Briner, N. B., (2005). Understanding psychological contracts at work: A critical evaluation of theory and research. Oxford University Press, UK.Coyle-Shapiro, J., (2010). Psychological contracts. LSE Research Online.Çapraz, B. Ünnü, N.A. İlic, D. Kocamaz, M. Çiçekli, U. Aracıoğlu, B. Koçak, A. Kesken, J. Soyuer, H. “Çalışanlar Perspektifinden İnovatif İş Davranışının Belirleyicileri: İzmir İlinde Öncelikli Sektörlere İlişkin Bir Araştırma”, Girişimcilik ve İnovasyon Yönetimi Dergisi, 3(1), 2014, ss.49-72.Dabos, G. E., & Rousseau, D. M. (2004). Mutuality and reciprocity in the psychological contracts of employees and employers. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89 (1), 52-72.Doğan, İ. (2015). Farklı Veri Yapisi Ve Örneklem Büyüklüklerinde Yapisal Eşitlik Modellerinin Geçerliği Ve Güvenirliğinin Değerlendirilmesi. (Published Doctoral Dissertation). Eskişehir: Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Health Sciences Institute. Gouldner, A. W., (1960). The norm of reciprocity: A preliminary statement. AmericanSociological Review, 25, 161-178.De Jong, J.P.J. & Den Hartog, D.N. (2008), Innovative Work Behavior: Measurement and Validation. A working paper. EIM Business and Policy Research. Available at http://www.entrepreneurshipsme.eu/pdf-ez/h200820.pdf. Levinson, H., Price, C. R., Munden, K. J., Mandl, H. J., & Solley, C. M. (1962). Men, Management and Mental Health. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Liu, C., Huang, C., Huang, K., & Chen, K. (2013). Psychological contract breach, organizational trust and organizational citizenship behavior of hotel industry in Taiwan. Pakistan Journal of Statistics, 29(5), 635-648.Lu, Y., Shen, Y., & Zhao, L. (2015). Linking psychological contract breach and employee outcomes in China: Does leader-member exchange make a difference? The Chinese Economy, 48, 297–308.McInnis, K. J. (2012). Psychological contracts in the workplace: A mixed methods design project. London: The University of Western OntarioMillward, L. J., & Hopkins, L. J. (1998).Psychological contracts, organizational, and job commitment. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28, 1530–1556. Morrison, E. W., & Robinson, S. L. (1997).When employees feel betrayed: A model of how psychological contract violation develops. Academy of Management Review,22, 226–256 Oldham, G. R. ve Cummings, A. (1996), Employee Creativity: Personal and Contextual Factors at Work, Academy of Management Journal, 39:3, s. 607-634.Raja, U., Johns, G., & Ntalianis, F. (2004). The impact of personality on psychological contracts. Academy of Journal Management, 47, 350-367. Ramamoorthy, N. & Flood, P. C. & Slattery, T. & Sardessai, R. (2005) "Determinants of Innovative Work Behaviour: Development and Test of an Integrated Model," Creativity and Innovation Management, 14(2), pp.142-150.Rayton, B. A., & Yalabik, Z. Y. (2014). Work engagement, psychological contract breach and job satisfaction. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(17), 2382–2400.Rousseau, D. M. (1989). Psychological and implied contracts in organizations. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 2, 121–139.Rousseau, D. M. (1990). 'New hire perspectives of their own and their employer's obligations: a study of psychological contracts', Journal of Organization.Rousseau, D. M., (1995). Psychological Contracts in Organizations Understanding Written and Unwritten Agreements. California: Sage Publications Inc. Rousseau, D. M. (1996). 'Changing the deal while keeping the people', Academy of Management Executive, 10, 50-58.Sönmez, Betül. “Hemşirelerin Yenilikçi Davranışları ve Etkileyen Faktörler: Niteliksel Bir Çalışma”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, 2011.Sturgers, J., Conway, N., Guest, D., & Liefooghe, A. (2005). Managing the career deal: The psychological contract as a framework for understanding career management, organizational commitment, and work behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(1), 821-38.Thompson, M., & Heron, P., (2003). Knowledge creation and the employment relationship. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management, Seattle.Ul-Haq, I., F. A. Jam., M. U. Azeem., M. A. Ali., & T. Fatima. (2011). Psychological contract and job outcomes: Mediating role of affective commitment. African Journal of Business Management, 5(19), 7972–7979. Wellin, M., (2007). Managing the Psychological Contract: Using the Personal Deal to Increase Business Performance: Using the Personal Deal to IncreasePerformance (First Published ). USA: Gower Publishing.West, M. A. ve Farr, J. L. (1989), Innovation at Work: Psychological Perspectives, Social Behavior, 4, s. 15–30.Woodman, R. W., Sawyer, J. E., ve Griffin, R. W. (1993), Toward a Theory of Organizational Creativity, Academy of Management Review, 18:2, s. 293-321.Yuan, F. ve R. W. Woodman (2010), Innovatıve Behavıor in The Workplace: The Role of Performance and Image Outcome Expectatıons, Academy of Management Journal, 53:2, s. 323-342.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | İşletme |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Aralık 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019 |
