21. Yüzyıl Becerileri Bağlamında Fen Eğitiminin Bugünü ve Geleceği: Türkiye Perspektifinde Bir Analiz

Yıl 2021, , 3191 - 3218, 30.12.2021

Sema Aydın Ceran

https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.908645

Cited By: 5

Öz

Çocukların bilim ve teknolojide yeni yüzyılın zorluklarının üstesinden gelmeleri, yaşamı anlamak için derinlemesine öğrenmeleri, gerçek yaşam sorunlarını çözmeleri ve toplumda sorumluluk alabilen bireyler olabilmeleri için 21. yüzyıl becerileriyle donatılmış olmaları gerekir. Yeni yüzyılda bireylerden beklenen bu becerileri edindirme noktasında ise eğitim sistemleri hızlı ekonomik ve sosyal değişimlere bireylerin uyumunu sağlamak ve bireyleri henüz keşfedilmemiş bilgi, teknoloji ve geleceğin mesleklerine hazırlamak için etkin bir çaba gösterme gerekliliği ile karşı karşıyadırlar. 21. yüzyıl becerilerini kazandırabilen nitelikli bir eğitimi sağlama ve yenidünya insanını şekillendirmede ise fen eğitiminin rolünü anlamak önem taşımaktadır. Bir alan yazın taraması olan bu çalışma ile küresel düzeyde yayımlanan bilimsel rapor ve araştırmalarda yer alan 21.yüzyıl becerilerini ve bu becerilerin fen eğitimi ile ilişkilerini irdelemek ve Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) Fen Bilimleri Dersi Öğretim Programı ile MEB 2023 Vizyon Belgesi’nin 21. yüzyıl becerilerini geliştirmeye yönelik politika ve eylemleri ne ölçüde yansıttığını incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda P21 (Partnership for 21st Century Skills), Dünya Ekonomik Forumu (World Economic Forum [WEF]), Ekonomik Kalkınma ve İşbirliği Teşkilatı (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD]) gibi uluslararası eğitim göstergeleri üzerinden araştırma ve değerlendirmeler yapan kuruluşların 21.yüzyıl beceri çerçeveleri incelenmiş, fen eğitimi ile etkileşimli beceriler tartışılmış ve bu becerilere MEB Fen Bilimleri Dersi Öğretim Programı ve MEB 2023 Vizyon Belgesinde ne ölçüde yer verildiği ortaya konmuştur. Daha sonra ulusal ve uluslararası eğitim göstergelerine göre Türkiye’de 21.yüzyıl becerileri çerçevesinde fen eğitiminin bugünkü durumu ele alınmıştır. Çalışma ile 21.yüzyıl’da öne çıkan beceriler, covid-19 pandemisinin becerilerdeki dönüştürücü etkisi ve geleceğin becerilerinin Türkiye Fen Eğitimi politikalarına yansıması ve uygulamaları hakkında çıkarımlar yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

21.yüzyıl becerileri, fen eğitimi politikaları, fen öğretimi, ulusal ve uluslararası eğitim göstergeleri, covid-19 pandemisi

Present and Future of Science Education in the Context of 21st Century Skills: An Analysis from the Perspective of Turkey

Öz

Children need to be equipped with 21st century skills to overcome the challenges of the new century in science and technology, learn deeply to understand life, solve real-life problems, and become individuals who can take responsibility in society. To provide individuals with the skills of the new century education, systems face the necessity of attempting to adapt individuals to rapid economic and social changes and to prepare individuals for yet undiscovered information and technologies, and for the jobs of the future. It is important to understand the role of science education in providing a quality education that can gain 21st century skills and shaping the people of the new world. This study is a literature review. The study aimed to examine the 21st century skills in global scientific reports/researches and their relationship with science education, as well as to reveal the policies and actions of the Ministry of National Education (MoNE) Science Education Curriculum and Turkey's Education Vision 2023 document within the framework of 21st century skills. In line with this purpose, the 21st century skill frameworks of organizations such as the P21 Skills Framework, the World Economic Forum (WEF), and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), which conduct research at global level, were examined, science education with interactive skills were discussed, and the extent to which these skills were included in the MoNE Science Curriculum/the Vision Document was revealed. Then the current state of science education in Turkey within the framework of the 21st century skills according to national and international education indicators, trending skills in the 21st century, The convertive effect of the pandemic on skills and its reflection on the future of science education and The reflection of skills of the future about Turkey's science education policy and practices were discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

21st century skills, science education policies, science teaching, national and international education indicators, covid-19 pandemic

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