Assessment of risk factors associated with spread of tuberculosis in Gujrat city Pakistan

Öz

Like other cities of Pakistan, Gujrat is also facing problems to eradicate tuberculosis. The current paper is an effort to highlight the risk factors which are responsible for the spread of tuberculosis in the urban areas of Gujrat city. Tuberculosis data were collected from the District Health Officer, the National Tuberculosis Control Program and the Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Hospital, Gujrat. Data were analyzed temporally from 2013 to 2016, which showed the escalation of TB cases. Questionnaire survey-based data were analyzed in Principal Component Analysis using SPSS software. Three factors were extracted from the PCA. Factor 1 revealed the highest correlation of 37 variables. On the basis of the highest loadings of variables, Factor I was named as the socio-ecological and demographic status. It is evident from Factor I that tuberculosis has the highest relation with social, ecological and demographic factors in the study area. Factor II is named as the socio-economic and ecological factors, and indicates the relationship of social, economic and ecological factors of the disease. There is an urgent need to evaluate the vulnerable population of urban areas on a priority basis, i.e Moinuddin pur, Kanjah, Adhowal, and Madina UCs. Unplanned urbanization, poor garbage disposal, lack of recreational facilities, poverty, and poor management of the city, accessibility to health facilities, diet and diagnosis are favorable factors for disease transmission.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tuberculosis,risk factors,health,Gujrat

Pakistan’ın Gujrat kentinde tüberkülozun yayılması ile ilişkili risk faktörlerinin değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Pakistan’ın diğer şehirleri gibi Gujrat da tüberkülozu ortadan kaldırma çabası içerisindedir. Bu çalışma Gujrat’ın şehir bölgelerinde tüberkülozun yayılmasına neden olan faktörleri ortaya koymayı amaçlamıştır. Tüberküloza ait veriler bölge sağlık görevlileri, Ulusal Tüberküloz Kontrol Programı ve Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Hastanesi’nden toplanmıştır. 2013 - 2016 aralığına ait veriler tüberkülozda artış olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Saha anketlerinden toplanan verilere SPSS yazılımıyla temel bileşen analizi uygulanmıştır. Bu analizden sonucunda tüberkülozu arttıran 3 faktör saptanmıştır. 37 değişken arasındaki en yüksek korelasyonu gösteren ve tüberkülozun yayılmasında en yüksek paya sahip olan faktör sosyoekolojik ve demografik özelliklerdir. İkinci sırada yer alan faktör sosyoekonomik faktördür. Moinuddin pur, Kanjah, Adhowal ve Madina acil eylem gerektiren, hassas nüfusun çoğunlukta olduğu bölgelerdir. Plansız şehirleşme, yetersiz atık yönetimi, rekreasyonel birimlerin azlığı, yoksulluk, kötü şehir yönetimi, sağlık birimlerine erişimdeki zorluklar hastalığın yayılmasına neden olan önemli etmenlerdir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tüberküloz,risk faktörleri,sağlık,Gujrat

Kaynakça

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