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Determination of Strategies of Ecotourism in Protected Areas with SWOT-AHP Method: The Case of Aksaray – Ihlara Special Environmental Protection Zone (SEPZ)

Yıl 2020, , 247 - 257, 03.04.2020

Kuttusi Zorlu Ali Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.26650/JGEOG2019-0051

Öz

The need to overcome the problems created by human impact in protected areas has today necessitated the creation of various ways of sustainable development . The sustainability paradigm has become an important framework in tourism as in many other fields. Ecotourism is seen as a key element in the sustainability of tourism. It is defined as a tourism approach that protects and develops natural and cultural values, and at the same time enables the participation and development of local people. The aim of this study was to develop suitable ecotourism strategies for Aksaray’s Ihlara Valley which is a Special Environmental Protection Zone (SEPZ). For this purpose, SWOT-AHP technique, which is a hybrid method, was used. In this study, after conducting the SWOT analysis which clarified the strengths-weaknesses and opportunity-threats of the Ihlara Valley, the weightings of SWOT groups and factors were determined by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Developed strategies for environmental, socio-cultural and economic sustainability are: “Determination of carrying capacity with effective ecotourism planning”, “the creation of a new image of the region within the scope of international protection status”, “elimination of tourism infrastructure- superstructure deficiencies”, “diversification of tourist activities”, “organizing training programs and courses of ecotourism for stakeholders” and “ensuring economic prosperity through the participation of local people in tourism”. These strategies are thought to be beneficial for stakeholders in developing protection-use practices in a possible ecotourism planning process in Ihlara SEPZ.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ihlara Valley AHP-SWOT Ecotourism

Kaynakça

  • Akbulak, C. (2016). Ardahan ilinde kırsal turizm potansiyelinin sayısallaştırılmış SWOT analizi ile değerlendirilmesi. HumanitasUluslar arası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 4(7), 1–30. doi: 10.20304/ husbd.86882.
  • Akbulak, C., and Cengiz, T. (2014). Determining ecotourism strategies using A’WOT hybrid method: case study of Troia Historical National Park, Çanakkale, Turkey. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 21(4), 380–388. doi: 10.1080/13504509.2014.903383. A
  • ksaray Governorship, (2009). Kültür Envanteri. Retrieved from. https:// aksaray.ktb.gov.tr/TR-170590/tasinmaz-kultur-varliklari.html
  • Arsić, S., Nikolić, D., Mihajlović, I., Fedajev, A. and Živković, Ž. (2018). A new approach within ANP-SWOT framework for prioritization of ecosystem management and case study of National Park Djerdap, Serbia. Ecological Economics, 146, 85–95. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.10.006.
  • Arsić, S., Nikolić, D. and Živković, Ž. (2017). Hybrid SWOT-ANPFANP model for prioritization strategies of sustainable development of ecotourism in National Park Djerdap, Serbia. Forest Policy and Economics, 80, 11–26. doi: 10.1016/j.forpol.2017.02.003.
  • Balmford, A., Green, J. M. H., Anderson, M., Beresford, J., Huang, C., Naidoo, R. and Manica, A. (2015). Walk on the wild side: estimating the global magnitude of visits to protected areas. PLoS Biology, 13(2), 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002074.
  • Bello, F. G., Carr, N. and Lovelock, B. (2016). Community participation framework for protected area-based tourism planning tourism planning. Tourism Planning & Development, 13(4), 469-485. doi: 10.1080/21568316.2015.1136838.
  • Boz, M., and Karakaș, E. (2017). An assessment of prior destination characteristics in Canakkale: an A’WOT application. Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 58, 337–350. doi: 10.9761/JASSS7047.
  • Buckley, R. (2000). Tourism in the most fragile environments. Tourism Recreation Research, 25(1) 31–40. doi: 0.1080/02508281.2000.110 14898.
  • Bushell, R., and Eagles, P. F. J. (2007). Tourism and protected areas. UK: CAB International.
  • Demir, S., and Atanur, G. (2019). The prioritization of natural-historical based ecotourism strategies with multiple-criteria decision analysis in ancient UNESCO city : Iznik- Bursa case. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 26(4), 329-343. doi: 10.1080/13504509.2019.1596990.
  • Demir, S., Esbah, H. and Akgün, A. A. (2016). Quantitative SWOT analysis for prioritizing ecotourism-planning decisions in protected areas : Igneada case. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 23(5), 456–468. https://doi.org/10. 1080/13504509.2015.1136709.
  • do Val Simardi Beraldo Souza, T., Thapa, B., Rodrigues, C. G. de O. and Imori D. (2017). Economic impacts of tourism in protected areas of Brazil. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(6), 735-749. doi: 10.1080/09669582.2017.1408633.
  • Eagles, P. F. J. (2002). Trends in park tourism: Economics, finance and management. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 10(2), 132–153. doi: 10.1080/09669580208667158.
  • Etongo, D., Kanninen, M., Epule, T. E. and Fobissie, K. (2018). Assessing the effectiveness of joint forest management in Southern Burkina Faso: A SWOT-AHP analysis. Forest Policy and Economics, 90, 31–38. doi: 10.1016/j.forpol.2018.01.008.
  • Fabac, R., and Zver, I. (2011). Applying the modified SWOT–AHP method to the tourism of Gornje Međimurje. Tourism and Hospitality Management, 17(2), 201–215.
  • Frost, W., and Hall, C. M. (2009). Tourism and national parks: International perspectives on development, histories, and change”(Vol. 14). Routledge.
  • Gale, T., and Hill, J. (2009). Ecotourism and environmental sustainability: An introduction. In J. Hill, and T. Gale (Eds.), Ecotourism and environmental sustainability: Principles and practice (pp. 3–16). Aldershot: Ashgate.
  • Gıran Taşcıoğlu, S., and Akpınar, N. (2016). A’WOT Analizi Tekniği İle Turizm Alanlarının Değerlendirilmesi: Kuzey Antalya Kültür ve Turizm Koruma ve Gelişim Bölgesi Örneği. Journal of International Social Research, (42), 1974-1985.
  • Görener, A. (2016). A SWOT-AHP approach for assessment of medical tourism sector in Turkey. Alphanumeric Journal, 4(2), 159–170. doi: 10.17093/alphanumeric.277740.
  • Görmüş, S. (2012). Korunan alan planlama stratejilerinin değerlendirilmesi: Kastamonu-Bartın Küre Dağları milli parkı örneği. Journal of Bartin Faculty of Forestry, 14(1. Special Issue), 37–48.
  • Grošelj, P., Hodges, D. G. and Stirn, L. Z. (2016). Participatory and multi-criteria analysis for forest (ecosystem) management: A case study of Pohorje, Slovenia. Forest Policy and Economics, 71, 80– 86. doi: 10.1016/j.forpol.2015.05.006.
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SWOT-AHS Yöntemi ile Korunan Alanlarda Ekoturizm Stratejilerinin Belirlenmesi: Aksaray- Ihlara Özel Çevre Koruma Bölgesi (ÖÇKB) Örneği

Yıl 2020, , 247 - 257, 03.04.2020

Kuttusi Zorlu Ali Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.26650/JGEOG2019-0051

Öz

Beşeri etkilerin korunan alanlarda yarattığı sorunların aşılması, günümüzde sürdürülebilir gelişim yollarını zorunlu kılmıştır. Sürdürülebilirlik paradigması, birçok konu alanında olduğu gibi turizmde de önemli bir çerçeve haline gelmiştir. Turizmin sürdürülebilirliğinde ise ekoturizm anahtar bir unsur olarak görülmektedir. Ekoturizm, doğal ve kültürel değerlerin korunması, geliştirilmesi ve aynı zamanda yerel halkın katılımını ve kalkınmasını sağlayan bir turizm anlayışı olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, bir Özel Çevre Koruma Bölgesi (ÖÇKB) olan Aksaray Ihlara Vadisi için uygun ekoturizm stratejilerinin geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, hibrit bir yöntem olan SWOT-AHS tekniği kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada, Ihlara Vadisinin güçlü ve zayıf yönleri ile fırsat ve tehditlerinden oluşan SWOT analizi oluşturulduktan sonra, SWOT grup ve faktörlerin ağırlıkları Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHS) ile belirlenmiştir. Çevresel, sosyo-kültürel ve ekonomik sürdürülebilirliğie yönelik geliştirilen stratejiler: “Etkin bir ekoturizm planlaması ile taşıma kapasitesinin belirlenmesi”, “bölgenin uluslararası koruma statüleri kapsamına alınarak yeni bir imajının oluşturulması”, “turistik alt yapı ve üst yapı yetersizliklerinin giderilmesi”, “turistik aktivitelerin çeşitlendirilmesi”, “paydaşlar için ekoturizme yönelik eğitim programları ve kurslarının düzenlenmesi”, “yerel halkın turizme katılımı sağlanarak ekonomik refahın sağlanması”. Bu stratejilerin, Ihlara ÖÇKB’de gerçekleştirilebilecek olası bir ekoturizm planlama sürecinde, paydaşlara koruma-kullanma pratiklerinin geliştirilmesi konusunda fayda sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ihlara Vadisi AHS-SWOT Ekoturizm

Kaynakça

  • Akbulak, C. (2016). Ardahan ilinde kırsal turizm potansiyelinin sayısallaştırılmış SWOT analizi ile değerlendirilmesi. HumanitasUluslar arası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 4(7), 1–30. doi: 10.20304/ husbd.86882.
  • Akbulak, C., and Cengiz, T. (2014). Determining ecotourism strategies using A’WOT hybrid method: case study of Troia Historical National Park, Çanakkale, Turkey. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 21(4), 380–388. doi: 10.1080/13504509.2014.903383. A
  • ksaray Governorship, (2009). Kültür Envanteri. Retrieved from. https:// aksaray.ktb.gov.tr/TR-170590/tasinmaz-kultur-varliklari.html
  • Arsić, S., Nikolić, D., Mihajlović, I., Fedajev, A. and Živković, Ž. (2018). A new approach within ANP-SWOT framework for prioritization of ecosystem management and case study of National Park Djerdap, Serbia. Ecological Economics, 146, 85–95. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.10.006.
  • Arsić, S., Nikolić, D. and Živković, Ž. (2017). Hybrid SWOT-ANPFANP model for prioritization strategies of sustainable development of ecotourism in National Park Djerdap, Serbia. Forest Policy and Economics, 80, 11–26. doi: 10.1016/j.forpol.2017.02.003.
  • Balmford, A., Green, J. M. H., Anderson, M., Beresford, J., Huang, C., Naidoo, R. and Manica, A. (2015). Walk on the wild side: estimating the global magnitude of visits to protected areas. PLoS Biology, 13(2), 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002074.
  • Bello, F. G., Carr, N. and Lovelock, B. (2016). Community participation framework for protected area-based tourism planning tourism planning. Tourism Planning & Development, 13(4), 469-485. doi: 10.1080/21568316.2015.1136838.
  • Boz, M., and Karakaș, E. (2017). An assessment of prior destination characteristics in Canakkale: an A’WOT application. Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 58, 337–350. doi: 10.9761/JASSS7047.
  • Buckley, R. (2000). Tourism in the most fragile environments. Tourism Recreation Research, 25(1) 31–40. doi: 0.1080/02508281.2000.110 14898.
  • Bushell, R., and Eagles, P. F. J. (2007). Tourism and protected areas. UK: CAB International.
  • Demir, S., and Atanur, G. (2019). The prioritization of natural-historical based ecotourism strategies with multiple-criteria decision analysis in ancient UNESCO city : Iznik- Bursa case. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 26(4), 329-343. doi: 10.1080/13504509.2019.1596990.
  • Demir, S., Esbah, H. and Akgün, A. A. (2016). Quantitative SWOT analysis for prioritizing ecotourism-planning decisions in protected areas : Igneada case. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 23(5), 456–468. https://doi.org/10. 1080/13504509.2015.1136709.
  • do Val Simardi Beraldo Souza, T., Thapa, B., Rodrigues, C. G. de O. and Imori D. (2017). Economic impacts of tourism in protected areas of Brazil. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(6), 735-749. doi: 10.1080/09669582.2017.1408633.
  • Eagles, P. F. J. (2002). Trends in park tourism: Economics, finance and management. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 10(2), 132–153. doi: 10.1080/09669580208667158.
  • Etongo, D., Kanninen, M., Epule, T. E. and Fobissie, K. (2018). Assessing the effectiveness of joint forest management in Southern Burkina Faso: A SWOT-AHP analysis. Forest Policy and Economics, 90, 31–38. doi: 10.1016/j.forpol.2018.01.008.
  • Fabac, R., and Zver, I. (2011). Applying the modified SWOT–AHP method to the tourism of Gornje Međimurje. Tourism and Hospitality Management, 17(2), 201–215.
  • Frost, W., and Hall, C. M. (2009). Tourism and national parks: International perspectives on development, histories, and change”(Vol. 14). Routledge.
  • Gale, T., and Hill, J. (2009). Ecotourism and environmental sustainability: An introduction. In J. Hill, and T. Gale (Eds.), Ecotourism and environmental sustainability: Principles and practice (pp. 3–16). Aldershot: Ashgate.
  • Gıran Taşcıoğlu, S., and Akpınar, N. (2016). A’WOT Analizi Tekniği İle Turizm Alanlarının Değerlendirilmesi: Kuzey Antalya Kültür ve Turizm Koruma ve Gelişim Bölgesi Örneği. Journal of International Social Research, (42), 1974-1985.
  • Görener, A. (2016). A SWOT-AHP approach for assessment of medical tourism sector in Turkey. Alphanumeric Journal, 4(2), 159–170. doi: 10.17093/alphanumeric.277740.
  • Görmüş, S. (2012). Korunan alan planlama stratejilerinin değerlendirilmesi: Kastamonu-Bartın Küre Dağları milli parkı örneği. Journal of Bartin Faculty of Forestry, 14(1. Special Issue), 37–48.
  • Grošelj, P., Hodges, D. G. and Stirn, L. Z. (2016). Participatory and multi-criteria analysis for forest (ecosystem) management: A case study of Pohorje, Slovenia. Forest Policy and Economics, 71, 80– 86. doi: 10.1016/j.forpol.2015.05.006.
  • Gülkal, Ö. (1999). Ihlara (Kapadokya) Özel Çevre Koruma Bölgesi ve Yakın Çevresi Örneğinde; Koruma-Kullanma Dengeli Planlamaların Oluşturulmasında Kriterlerin Saptanması. (Doktora Tezi). Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana, Turkey.
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  • Kahraman, C., Demirel, N. Ç., and Demirel, T. (2007). Prioritization of e-Government strategies using a SWOT-AHP analysis: the case of Turkey, European Journal of Information Systems, 16(3), 284-298, doi: 10.1057/palgrave.ejis.3000679.
  • Kajanus, M., Kangas, J., and Kurttila, M. (2004). The use of value focused thinking and the A’WOT hybrid method in tourism management. Tourism Management, 25(4), 499–506. doi: 10.1016/ S0261-5177(03)00120-1.
  • Kajanus, M., Leskinen, P., Kurttila, M., and Kangas, J. (2012). Making use of MCDS methods in SWOT analysis—Lessons learnt in strategic natural resources management. Forest Policy and Economics, 20, 1–9. doi: 10.1016/j.forpol.2012.03.005.
  • Kangas, J., Kurttila, M., Kajanus, M., and Kangas, A. (2003). Evaluating the management strategies of a forestland estate—the SOS approach. Journal of Environmental Management, 69(4), 349–358. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2003.09.010.
  • Kangas, J., Pesonen, M., Kurttila, M., and Kajanus, M. (2001). A’WOT: Integrating the AHP with SWOT Analysis. Proceedings–6th ISAHP, 189–198.
  • Karatayev, M., Kapsalyamova, Z., Spankulova, L., Skakova, A., Movkebayeva, G., and Kongyrbay, A. (2017). Priorities and challenges for a sustainable management of water resources in Kazakhstan. Sustainability of Water Quality and Ecology, 9,115– 135. doi: 10.1016/j.swaqe.2017.09.002.
  • Kaya, L. G., Aslan, F., and Yılmaz, B. (2011). Muğla-Dalyan Turizminin Özel Çevre Koruma Bölgesi Üzerine Etkileri. İnönü Üniversitesi Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi, 1(3), 255-266.
  • Kaygısız, A. D., Ongun, U., and Gövdere, B. (2016). Burdur İli Turizm Stratejisinin Belirlenmesi: SWOT-AHP Uygulaması. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 11, 157–185.
  • Kervankıran, İ., and Eryılmaz, A.G. (2016). Milli parkların turizm ve rekreasyonel faaliyetlerde sürdürülebilir kullanımı: Isparta İli örneği. SDÜ Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 34, 173-190.
  • KC, B., Stainback, G. A., and Chhetri, B. B. K. (2014). Community users’ and experts’ perspective on community forestry in Nepal: a SWOT–AHP analysis. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods, 23(4), 217– 231. doi: 10.1080/14728028.2014.929982.
  • Kişi, N. (2019). A Strategic Approach to Sustainable Tourism Development Using the A’WOT Hybrid Method: A Case Study of Zonguldak, Turkey. Sustainability, 11(4), 964. doi:10.3390/ su11040964. Kopar, İ. (2010). Melendiz ve Karasu Çayı: havzalarının jeomorfolojisi. Erzurum: Atatürk Üniveritesi Yayınları.
  • Kostopoulou, S., and Kyritsis, I. (2011). A Tourism Carrying Capacity Indicator for Protected Areas. Anatolia, 17(1), 5-24. doi: 10.1080/13032917.2006.9687024
  • Kurttila, M., Pesonen, M., Kangas, J., and Kajanus, M. (2000). Utilizing the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in SWOT analysis—a hybrid method and its application to a forest-certification case. Forest Policy and Economics, 1(1), 41–52. doi: 10.1016/S1389-9341(99)00004-0.
  • Lee, Y. H. (2013). Application of a SWOT-FANP method. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 19(4), 570–592. doi: 10.3846/20294913.2013.837111.
  • Margles, S. W., Masozera, M., Rugyerinyange, L., and Kaplin, B. A. (2010). Participatory planning: Using SWOT-AHP analysis in buffer zone management planning. Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 29(6–8), 613–637. doi: 10.1080/10549811003769483.
  • Masozera, M. K., Alavalapati, J. R. R., Jacobson, S. K., and Shrestha, R. K., 2006. Assessing the suitability of community-based management for the Nyungwe Forest Reserve, Rwanda. Forest Policy and Economics, 8(2), 206–216. doi: 10.1016/j.forpol.2004.08.001.
  • Mccool, S. F. (2009). Constructing partnerships for protected area tourism planning in an era of change and messiness. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 17(2), 133-148. doi: 10.1080/096695808024 95733.
  • Mellon, V., and Bramwell, B. (2016). Protected area policies and sustainable tourism: influences, relationships and co-evolution. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 24(10), 1369–1386. doi: 10.1080/09669582.2015.1125909.
  • Ören, M., and Keçeli, A. (2014). The moss flora Ihlara Valley (Aksaray/ Turkey). Biological Diversity and Conservation, 7, 88–93.
  • Öztürk, S, and Tönük, G. U. (2014). The participation of public institutions and private sector stakeholders to Devrekani Watershed management planning process. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry, Istanbul University, 64(2),14–23. doi: 10.17099/jffiu.98433.
  • Öztürk, S. (2015). Determining management strategies for the Sarikum nature protection area. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 187(3), 113. doi: 10.1007/s10661-015–4302-3.
  • Plummer, R., and Fennell, D. A. (2009). Managing protected areas for sustainable tourism: prospects for adaptive co-management. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 17(2), 149–168. doi: 10.1080/0966958080 2359301.
  • Rachid, G., and El Fadel, M. (2013). Comparative SWOT analysis of strategic environmental assessment systems in the Middle East and North Africa region. Journal of Environmental Management, 125, 85–93. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.03.053.
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  • Shrestha, R. K., Alavalapati, J. R. R., and Kalmbacher, R. S. (2004). Exploring the potential for silvopasture adoption in south-central Florida: an application of SWOT–AHP method. Agricultural Systems, 81(3), 185–199. doi: 10.1016/j.agsy.2003.09.004.
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  • Somuncu, M. and Yiğit, T. (2009). Göreme Millî Parkı ve Kapadokya Kayalık Sitleri Dünya Mirası Alanı’ndaki Turizmin Sürdürülebilirlik Perspektifinden Değerlendirilmesi. V. Ulusal Coğrafya Sempozyumu Bildiriler Kitabı, Ankara Üniversitesi, Türkiye Coğrafyası Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi (TÜCAUM), Ankara, 16-17 Ekim. Tabur, M. A. (2014). Ihlara vadisinin (Aksaray) kuşları. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 30(3), 162–173.
  • Taşçıoğlu, S. G. (2011). Turizm planlamasında sayısal SWOT analizi uygulaması: Oymapınar Kültür ve Turizm Koruma ve Gelişim Bölgesi örneği. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(2), 87–93.
  • Turkey’s Culture and Tourism Ministry, 2019. Museum Statistics. Retrieved from. https://kvmgm.ktb.gov.tr/TR-43336/muzeistatistikleri.html Tosun, C., and Jenkins, C. L. (1996). Regional planning approaches to tourism development: The case of Turkey. Tourism Management, 17(7), 519–531. doi: 10.1016/S0261-5177(96)00069-6.
  • Toyran, K., Yorulmaz, T., and Gözütok, S. (2017). Mammal fauna of Ihlara Valley (Aksaray, Turkey). Bitlis Eren University Journal of Science and Technology, 7(2), 108–114. TUIK, 2019. Adrese Dayalı Nüfus Kayıt Sistemi. Retrieved from. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=tr
  • Turoğlu, H. and Özdemir, H. (2005). Bartın İlinin Ekoturizm Potansiyelinin Belirlenmesi. Doğu Coğrafya Dergisi, 10(13): 97– 116.
  • Valdivieso, J. C., Eagles, P. F. J., and Gil, J. C. (2015). Efficient management capacity evaluation of tourism in protected areas. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 58(9), 1544– 1561. doi: 10.1080/09640568.2014.937479.
  • Varnacı Uzun, F., and Somuncu, M. (2011). Kültürel peyzajın korunması ve turizm iliskisi bağlamında yerel halkın görüşleri: Ihlara Vadisi örneği. Ankara Üniversitesi Çevrebilimleri Dergisi, 3(2), 21–36. Weaver, D. (2002). Asian ecotourism: Patterns and themes. Tourism Geographies, 4(2), 153–172. doi: 10.1080/14616680210124936.
  • Yılmaz, A., and Zorlu, K. (2018). SWOT-AHS Analizi Kullanılarak Sinop’ta Sürdürülebilir Turizm Stratejilerinin Önceliklendirilmesi. Journal of International Social Research, 11(61), 390–403. doi: 10.17719/jisr.2018.2929.
  • Yücenur, G. N. (2017). Turizm sektöründe strateji seçimi için bulanık veriler yardımıyla hiyerarşik ağ modeli ve SWOT analizi: Türkiye örneği. Sakarya University Journal of Science, 2(5), 915–931. doi: 10.16984/saufenbilder.337268.
  • Yüksel, İ., and Dagdeviren, M. (2007). Using the analytic network process (ANP) in a SWOT analysis–A case study for a textile firm. Information Sciences, 177(16), 3364–3382. doi: 10.1016/j.ins.2007. 01.001.
Toplam 63 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Kuttusi Zorlu Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-7967-9578

Ali Yılmaz Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-7762-3770

Yayımlanma Tarihi 3 Nisan 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 22 Kasım 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020

Kaynak Göster

APA Zorlu, K., & Yılmaz, A. (2020). Determination of Strategies of Ecotourism in Protected Areas with SWOT-AHP Method: The Case of Aksaray – Ihlara Special Environmental Protection Zone (SEPZ). Journal of Geography(40), 247-257. https://doi.org/10.26650/JGEOG2019-0051
AMA Zorlu K, Yılmaz A. Determination of Strategies of Ecotourism in Protected Areas with SWOT-AHP Method: The Case of Aksaray – Ihlara Special Environmental Protection Zone (SEPZ). Journal of Geography. Nisan 2020;(40):247-257. doi:10.26650/JGEOG2019-0051
Chicago Zorlu, Kuttusi, ve Ali Yılmaz. “Determination of Strategies of Ecotourism in Protected Areas With SWOT-AHP Method: The Case of Aksaray – Ihlara Special Environmental Protection Zone (SEPZ)”. Journal of Geography, sy. 40 (Nisan 2020): 247-57. https://doi.org/10.26650/JGEOG2019-0051.
EndNote Zorlu K, Yılmaz A (01 Nisan 2020) Determination of Strategies of Ecotourism in Protected Areas with SWOT-AHP Method: The Case of Aksaray – Ihlara Special Environmental Protection Zone (SEPZ). Journal of Geography 40 247–257.
IEEE K. Zorlu ve A. Yılmaz, “Determination of Strategies of Ecotourism in Protected Areas with SWOT-AHP Method: The Case of Aksaray – Ihlara Special Environmental Protection Zone (SEPZ)”, Journal of Geography, sy. 40, ss. 247–257, Nisan 2020, doi: 10.26650/JGEOG2019-0051.
ISNAD Zorlu, Kuttusi - Yılmaz, Ali. “Determination of Strategies of Ecotourism in Protected Areas With SWOT-AHP Method: The Case of Aksaray – Ihlara Special Environmental Protection Zone (SEPZ)”. Journal of Geography 40 (Nisan 2020), 247-257. https://doi.org/10.26650/JGEOG2019-0051.
JAMA Zorlu K, Yılmaz A. Determination of Strategies of Ecotourism in Protected Areas with SWOT-AHP Method: The Case of Aksaray – Ihlara Special Environmental Protection Zone (SEPZ). Journal of Geography. 2020;:247–257.
MLA Zorlu, Kuttusi ve Ali Yılmaz. “Determination of Strategies of Ecotourism in Protected Areas With SWOT-AHP Method: The Case of Aksaray – Ihlara Special Environmental Protection Zone (SEPZ)”. Journal of Geography, sy. 40, 2020, ss. 247-5, doi:10.26650/JGEOG2019-0051.
Vancouver Zorlu K, Yılmaz A. Determination of Strategies of Ecotourism in Protected Areas with SWOT-AHP Method: The Case of Aksaray – Ihlara Special Environmental Protection Zone (SEPZ). Journal of Geography. 2020(40):247-5.