Araştırma Makalesi
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Yıl 2025, Sayı: 63, 237 - 257, 07.01.2026
https://doi.org/10.26650/10.26650/arcp.1768566
https://izlik.org/JA96JU54HN

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Helms, Eleanor. “A Phenomenological Account of Kierkegaard’s Stages.” Kierkegaardian Phenomenologies. Ed. J. Aaron Simmons, Jeffrey Hanson, and Kaftanski, 105- 128. London: Lexington Books, 2024. google scholar
  • Husserl, Edmund. Ideas Pertaining To A Pure Phenomenology And To A Phenomenological Philosophy, First Book: General Introduction to Pure Consciousness. Trans. F. Kersten. The Hague:Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1983. google scholar
  • Husserl Edmund. Logical Investigations Vol. 2. Trans. J. N. Findlay. Ed. Dermot Moran. London and New York: Routledge, 2006. google scholar
  • Husserl, Edmund. Cartesian Meditationes, An Introduction To Phenomenology. Trans. Dorion Cairns. India: Facsimile Publisher, 2015. google scholar
  • Kaftanski, Wojciech. “Kierkegaard’s Proto-Phenomenological Reduction of the Self,” Kierkegaardian Phenomenologies. Ed. J. Aaron Simmons, Jeffrey Hanson, and Kaftanski, 33-54. London: Lexington Books, 2024. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Concluding Unscientific Postscript. Trans. Dawid F. Swenson. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Either /Or. Trans. Alastair Hannay. London: Penguin Books, 1992. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Korku ve Titreme. Çeviren Nur Beier. İstanbul: Pinhan Yayıncılık, 2014. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Ölüme Götüren Hastalık. Çeviren Nur Beier. İstanbul: Alfa, 2020. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Kırdaki Zambak ve Gökteki Kuş Üç Dini Sohbet. Çeviren Nur Beier. İstanbul: Pinhan Yayıncılık, 2022. google scholar
  • Krishek, Sharon. “What Is It Like to Be a Despairer?,” Kierkegaardian Phenomenologies. Ed. J. Aaron Simmons, Jeffrey Hanson, and Kaftanski, 131-148. London: Lexington Books, 2024. google scholar
  • Michau, Michael R. “Suspensions in Kierkegaard and Husserl.” Artikelen. Erişim 15 Mayıs 2025. google scholar
  • https://sorenkierkegaard.nl/artikelen/Engels/104.%20kierkegaard-and-husserl.pdf google scholar
  • Moran, Dermot. Introduction to Phenomenology. Routledge: Taylor & Francis Group, 2002. google scholar
  • Ricoeur, Paul. Husserl: An Analysis of His Phenomenology. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 1967. google scholar
  • Shestov, Leon. “In Memory of a Great Philosopher: Edmund Husserl.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 22 (1962): 449-471 International Phenomenological Society Stable URL: [suspicious link removed] Accessed: 06-01-2016 google scholar
  • Varga, Peter Andras. “Edmund Husserl on the Historicity of the Gospels. A Different Look at Husserl’s Philosophy of Religion and his Philosophy of the History of Philosophy.” Husserl Studies 38. (2022): 37–54 Springer https://doi.org/10.1007/s10743-021-09298-7 google scholar
  • Watkin, Julia. Historical Dictionary of Kierkegaard’s Philosophy. Oxford: Scarecrow Press, 2001. google scholar
  • Zahavi, Dan. Husserl’s Phenomenology. Stanford: University Press Stanford, 2003. google scholar
  • Zaner, Richard M. “Examples and Possibles: A Criticism of Husserl’s Theory of Free Phantasy Variation.” Research in Phenomenology. 3 (1973): 29-43. google scholar

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 63, 237 - 257, 07.01.2026
https://doi.org/10.26650/10.26650/arcp.1768566
https://izlik.org/JA96JU54HN

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Helms, Eleanor. “A Phenomenological Account of Kierkegaard’s Stages.” Kierkegaardian Phenomenologies. Ed. J. Aaron Simmons, Jeffrey Hanson, and Kaftanski, 105- 128. London: Lexington Books, 2024. google scholar
  • Husserl, Edmund. Ideas Pertaining To A Pure Phenomenology And To A Phenomenological Philosophy, First Book: General Introduction to Pure Consciousness. Trans. F. Kersten. The Hague:Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1983. google scholar
  • Husserl Edmund. Logical Investigations Vol. 2. Trans. J. N. Findlay. Ed. Dermot Moran. London and New York: Routledge, 2006. google scholar
  • Husserl, Edmund. Cartesian Meditationes, An Introduction To Phenomenology. Trans. Dorion Cairns. India: Facsimile Publisher, 2015. google scholar
  • Kaftanski, Wojciech. “Kierkegaard’s Proto-Phenomenological Reduction of the Self,” Kierkegaardian Phenomenologies. Ed. J. Aaron Simmons, Jeffrey Hanson, and Kaftanski, 33-54. London: Lexington Books, 2024. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Concluding Unscientific Postscript. Trans. Dawid F. Swenson. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Either /Or. Trans. Alastair Hannay. London: Penguin Books, 1992. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Korku ve Titreme. Çeviren Nur Beier. İstanbul: Pinhan Yayıncılık, 2014. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Ölüme Götüren Hastalık. Çeviren Nur Beier. İstanbul: Alfa, 2020. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Kırdaki Zambak ve Gökteki Kuş Üç Dini Sohbet. Çeviren Nur Beier. İstanbul: Pinhan Yayıncılık, 2022. google scholar
  • Krishek, Sharon. “What Is It Like to Be a Despairer?,” Kierkegaardian Phenomenologies. Ed. J. Aaron Simmons, Jeffrey Hanson, and Kaftanski, 131-148. London: Lexington Books, 2024. google scholar
  • Michau, Michael R. “Suspensions in Kierkegaard and Husserl.” Artikelen. Erişim 15 Mayıs 2025. google scholar
  • https://sorenkierkegaard.nl/artikelen/Engels/104.%20kierkegaard-and-husserl.pdf google scholar
  • Moran, Dermot. Introduction to Phenomenology. Routledge: Taylor & Francis Group, 2002. google scholar
  • Ricoeur, Paul. Husserl: An Analysis of His Phenomenology. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 1967. google scholar
  • Shestov, Leon. “In Memory of a Great Philosopher: Edmund Husserl.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 22 (1962): 449-471 International Phenomenological Society Stable URL: [suspicious link removed] Accessed: 06-01-2016 google scholar
  • Varga, Peter Andras. “Edmund Husserl on the Historicity of the Gospels. A Different Look at Husserl’s Philosophy of Religion and his Philosophy of the History of Philosophy.” Husserl Studies 38. (2022): 37–54 Springer https://doi.org/10.1007/s10743-021-09298-7 google scholar
  • Watkin, Julia. Historical Dictionary of Kierkegaard’s Philosophy. Oxford: Scarecrow Press, 2001. google scholar
  • Zahavi, Dan. Husserl’s Phenomenology. Stanford: University Press Stanford, 2003. google scholar
  • Zaner, Richard M. “Examples and Possibles: A Criticism of Husserl’s Theory of Free Phantasy Variation.” Research in Phenomenology. 3 (1973): 29-43. google scholar

Askıya Alınan Yargılar, Açığa Çıkan Hakikatler: Kierkegaard ve Proto-Fenomenoloji

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 63, 237 - 257, 07.01.2026
https://doi.org/10.26650/10.26650/arcp.1768566
https://izlik.org/JA96JU54HN

Öz

Varoluşçuluk ve fenomenoloji, düşünsel olarak farklı kökenlerden doğmalarına rağmen, bazı kavramsal ve yöntemsel kesişimlerle birbirlerinden beslenmektedir. Bununla beraber Kierkegaard’ın düşüncesini varoluşçu fenomenoloji başlığı altında değerlendirmek tarihsel açıdan söz konusu olmasa da bu çalışma Kierkegaard’ın varoluşçuluğu ile Husserl’in fenomenolojisi arasındaki benzerlikleri inceleyerek, Kierkegaard’ın düşünce tarzının proto-fenomenolojik niteliklerini ortaya koymayı ve temel varoluşsal sorulara fenomenolojik bir perspektif sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, Kierkegaard’ın bazı kavramlarının Husserlci yöntemle karşılaştırılması, iki filozofun düşünce sistemlerindeki örtük paralellikleri görünür kılmakla birlikte, Kierkegaard’ın yöntemsel yaklaşımının çağdaş fenomenolojik tartışmalara nasıl katkı sağlayabileceğinin de ipuçlarını vermektedir.

Yabancı literatürde Kierkegaard’ın bir proto-fenomenolog olarak kabul edilip edilmeyeceği konusunda farklı görüşler bulunmakla birlikte, bu makale onun düşünce tarzının fenomenolojiye olan yakınlığını ortaya koyarak varoluşçuluğun klasik yorumuna alternatif bir okuma sunmayı hedeflemektedir. Bu bağlamda Kierkegaard’ın öznel hakikat düşüncesinin fenomenolojik nesnellik anlayışını dışlamadığını; onun pek çok kavramının Husserl’in epokhe, indirgeme, hayali çeşitlemeler ve kategoryal görü kavrayışına yakın olduğunu ve Kierkegaard’ın varoluş vurgusunun fenomenolojik bir öz/nelik fikrini düşünmeyi engellemediğini iddia etmeye çalışacağız.

Her ne kadar Kierkegaard mutlak hakikati bireyin Tanrı’yla ilişkisi bağlamında konumlandırsa da bu yaklaşım Husserl’le ortak bir zeminin kurulmasını engellememektedir. Bu bağlamda, Kierkegaard’ın varoluşsal çözümlemelerinin fenomenolojinin kavramsal araç ve yöntemiyle yeniden yorumlanması, hem fenomenoloji hem de varoluşçu gelenek açısından yeni bir anlam ufku açmakta; hakikatin öznel ve evrensel boyutlarının birbirini tamamladığı noktada Kierkegaard’ı bir proto-fenomenolog olarak sınıflandırmayı mümkün kılmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Helms, Eleanor. “A Phenomenological Account of Kierkegaard’s Stages.” Kierkegaardian Phenomenologies. Ed. J. Aaron Simmons, Jeffrey Hanson, and Kaftanski, 105- 128. London: Lexington Books, 2024. google scholar
  • Husserl, Edmund. Ideas Pertaining To A Pure Phenomenology And To A Phenomenological Philosophy, First Book: General Introduction to Pure Consciousness. Trans. F. Kersten. The Hague:Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1983. google scholar
  • Husserl Edmund. Logical Investigations Vol. 2. Trans. J. N. Findlay. Ed. Dermot Moran. London and New York: Routledge, 2006. google scholar
  • Husserl, Edmund. Cartesian Meditationes, An Introduction To Phenomenology. Trans. Dorion Cairns. India: Facsimile Publisher, 2015. google scholar
  • Kaftanski, Wojciech. “Kierkegaard’s Proto-Phenomenological Reduction of the Self,” Kierkegaardian Phenomenologies. Ed. J. Aaron Simmons, Jeffrey Hanson, and Kaftanski, 33-54. London: Lexington Books, 2024. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Concluding Unscientific Postscript. Trans. Dawid F. Swenson. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Either /Or. Trans. Alastair Hannay. London: Penguin Books, 1992. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Korku ve Titreme. Çeviren Nur Beier. İstanbul: Pinhan Yayıncılık, 2014. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Ölüme Götüren Hastalık. Çeviren Nur Beier. İstanbul: Alfa, 2020. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Kırdaki Zambak ve Gökteki Kuş Üç Dini Sohbet. Çeviren Nur Beier. İstanbul: Pinhan Yayıncılık, 2022. google scholar
  • Krishek, Sharon. “What Is It Like to Be a Despairer?,” Kierkegaardian Phenomenologies. Ed. J. Aaron Simmons, Jeffrey Hanson, and Kaftanski, 131-148. London: Lexington Books, 2024. google scholar
  • Michau, Michael R. “Suspensions in Kierkegaard and Husserl.” Artikelen. Erişim 15 Mayıs 2025. google scholar
  • https://sorenkierkegaard.nl/artikelen/Engels/104.%20kierkegaard-and-husserl.pdf google scholar
  • Moran, Dermot. Introduction to Phenomenology. Routledge: Taylor & Francis Group, 2002. google scholar
  • Ricoeur, Paul. Husserl: An Analysis of His Phenomenology. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 1967. google scholar
  • Shestov, Leon. “In Memory of a Great Philosopher: Edmund Husserl.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 22 (1962): 449-471 International Phenomenological Society Stable URL: [suspicious link removed] Accessed: 06-01-2016 google scholar
  • Varga, Peter Andras. “Edmund Husserl on the Historicity of the Gospels. A Different Look at Husserl’s Philosophy of Religion and his Philosophy of the History of Philosophy.” Husserl Studies 38. (2022): 37–54 Springer https://doi.org/10.1007/s10743-021-09298-7 google scholar
  • Watkin, Julia. Historical Dictionary of Kierkegaard’s Philosophy. Oxford: Scarecrow Press, 2001. google scholar
  • Zahavi, Dan. Husserl’s Phenomenology. Stanford: University Press Stanford, 2003. google scholar
  • Zaner, Richard M. “Examples and Possibles: A Criticism of Husserl’s Theory of Free Phantasy Variation.” Research in Phenomenology. 3 (1973): 29-43. google scholar

Suspended Judgments, Revealed Truths: Kierkegaard and Proto-Phenomenology

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 63, 237 - 257, 07.01.2026
https://doi.org/10.26650/10.26650/arcp.1768566
https://izlik.org/JA96JU54HN

Öz

Existentialism and phenomenology, although emerging from different intellectual backgrounds, share certain conceptual and methodological intersections. While it is not historically possibble to classify Kierkegaard’s thought under the heading of existential phenomenology, this study examines the intersections between Kierkegaard’s existentialism and Husserl’s phenomenology, aiming to reveal the proto-phenomenological aspects of Kierkegaard’s thinking and to offer a phenomenological perspective on fundamental existential questions. In this context, comparing some of Kierkegaard’s concepts with Husserlian methods not only makes the implicit parallels between the two philosophers’ systems visible but also provides insights into how Kierkegaard’s methodological approach could contribute to contemporary phenomenological debates.

Although there are different opinions in the international literature regarding whether Kierkegaard can be considered a proto-phenomenologist, this article seeks to demonstrate the similarity of his thought with phenomenology and to offer an alternative reading to the classical interpretation of existentialism. In this regard, Kierkegaard’s conception of subjective truth does not exclude phenomenological objectivity; many of his concepts resemble Husserl’s epoché, reduction, phantasy variations, and categorial intuition, and his emphasis on existence does not prevent consideration of a phenomenological notion of essence.

Although Kierkegaard situates absolute truth within the context of the individual’s relationship with God, this perspective does not preclude the establishment of common ground with Husserl. In this sense, a reinterpretation of Kierkegaard’s existential analyses through the conceptual tools and methods of phenomenology opens new horizons of meaning for both phenomenology and the existentialist tradition, and makes it possible to classify Kierkegaard as a proto-phenomenologist, where the subjective and universal dimensions of truth complete each other.

Kaynakça

  • Helms, Eleanor. “A Phenomenological Account of Kierkegaard’s Stages.” Kierkegaardian Phenomenologies. Ed. J. Aaron Simmons, Jeffrey Hanson, and Kaftanski, 105- 128. London: Lexington Books, 2024. google scholar
  • Husserl, Edmund. Ideas Pertaining To A Pure Phenomenology And To A Phenomenological Philosophy, First Book: General Introduction to Pure Consciousness. Trans. F. Kersten. The Hague:Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1983. google scholar
  • Husserl Edmund. Logical Investigations Vol. 2. Trans. J. N. Findlay. Ed. Dermot Moran. London and New York: Routledge, 2006. google scholar
  • Husserl, Edmund. Cartesian Meditationes, An Introduction To Phenomenology. Trans. Dorion Cairns. India: Facsimile Publisher, 2015. google scholar
  • Kaftanski, Wojciech. “Kierkegaard’s Proto-Phenomenological Reduction of the Self,” Kierkegaardian Phenomenologies. Ed. J. Aaron Simmons, Jeffrey Hanson, and Kaftanski, 33-54. London: Lexington Books, 2024. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Concluding Unscientific Postscript. Trans. Dawid F. Swenson. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Either /Or. Trans. Alastair Hannay. London: Penguin Books, 1992. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Korku ve Titreme. Çeviren Nur Beier. İstanbul: Pinhan Yayıncılık, 2014. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Ölüme Götüren Hastalık. Çeviren Nur Beier. İstanbul: Alfa, 2020. google scholar
  • Kierkegaard, Soren. Kırdaki Zambak ve Gökteki Kuş Üç Dini Sohbet. Çeviren Nur Beier. İstanbul: Pinhan Yayıncılık, 2022. google scholar
  • Krishek, Sharon. “What Is It Like to Be a Despairer?,” Kierkegaardian Phenomenologies. Ed. J. Aaron Simmons, Jeffrey Hanson, and Kaftanski, 131-148. London: Lexington Books, 2024. google scholar
  • Michau, Michael R. “Suspensions in Kierkegaard and Husserl.” Artikelen. Erişim 15 Mayıs 2025. google scholar
  • https://sorenkierkegaard.nl/artikelen/Engels/104.%20kierkegaard-and-husserl.pdf google scholar
  • Moran, Dermot. Introduction to Phenomenology. Routledge: Taylor & Francis Group, 2002. google scholar
  • Ricoeur, Paul. Husserl: An Analysis of His Phenomenology. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 1967. google scholar
  • Shestov, Leon. “In Memory of a Great Philosopher: Edmund Husserl.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 22 (1962): 449-471 International Phenomenological Society Stable URL: [suspicious link removed] Accessed: 06-01-2016 google scholar
  • Varga, Peter Andras. “Edmund Husserl on the Historicity of the Gospels. A Different Look at Husserl’s Philosophy of Religion and his Philosophy of the History of Philosophy.” Husserl Studies 38. (2022): 37–54 Springer https://doi.org/10.1007/s10743-021-09298-7 google scholar
  • Watkin, Julia. Historical Dictionary of Kierkegaard’s Philosophy. Oxford: Scarecrow Press, 2001. google scholar
  • Zahavi, Dan. Husserl’s Phenomenology. Stanford: University Press Stanford, 2003. google scholar
  • Zaner, Richard M. “Examples and Possibles: A Criticism of Husserl’s Theory of Free Phantasy Variation.” Research in Phenomenology. 3 (1973): 29-43. google scholar
Toplam 20 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular 19. Yüzyıl Felsefesi, 20. Yüzyıl Felsefesi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Zeynep Zafer Esenyel 0000-0002-8419-7335

Gönderilme Tarihi 19 Ağustos 2025
Kabul Tarihi 5 Aralık 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 7 Ocak 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.26650/10.26650/arcp.1768566
IZ https://izlik.org/JA96JU54HN
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Sayı: 63

Kaynak Göster

Chicago Zafer Esenyel, Zeynep. 2026. “Askıya Alınan Yargılar, Açığa Çıkan Hakikatler: Kierkegaard ve Proto-Fenomenoloji”. Felsefe Arkivi, sy 63: 237-57. https://doi.org/10.26650/10.26650/arcp.1768566.