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The Similarities Between al-Ghazālī’s Science of the Hereafter and Rasāil Ikhwān al-Safā

Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1 30 Mart 2022
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The Similarities Between al-Ghazālī’s Science of the Hereafter and Rasāil Ikhwān al-Safā

Öz

In Munqidh, al-Ghazālī states that there were four classes of seekers of truth: theologians, followers of the doctrine of Ta‘līm, philosophers, and Sufis. He depicts himself here as a Sufi who denounces the others, especially the philosophers. This image of al-Ghazālī became the major perception of him from the beginning. This perception changed in the twentieth century. The most recent scholarship views him as a scholar who was heavily influenced by philosophy and disseminated its teachings in disguise. However, the focus is given mostly to the philosophy of Avicenna while searching the source of this influence. While not denying the influence of Ibn Sīnā, this study argues that Rasā’il Ikhwān Ṣafā’ must be taken seriously as a major source of philosophical influence on al-Ghazālī’s thought despite the negative remarks he makes about them. For its purpose, this study considers al-Ghazālī as a philosopher whose main concern was to direct the attention of his readers to their inner states and the behaviors resulting from them. This concern led him to search for and develop an ethical theology in which the theory of the soul and its purification played a role of utmost importance. For this purpose, al-Ghazālī presented a new science in Iḥyā. This study tries to show that al-Ghazālī found the essential ingredients of this theology in Rasā’il, gave it a new form with a new name, “the Science of the Hereafter” with its two subdivisions: the science of practice and the science of unveiling. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Al-Akiti, M. Afifi. “The Good, The Bad, and the Ugly ofFalsafa: al-Ghazâlî’sMadnün, Tahafut, andMaqaşid, with Particular Attention to Their Falsafı Treatments of God’s Knowledge of Temporal Events”. In Avicenna and His Legacy: A Golden Age of Science and Philosophy. Edited by Y. Tzvi Langermann, 51100. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2009. google scholar
  2. al-Ghazâlî, Abu Hâmid. al-Arba‘ınfi Uşülal-Dın. Edited by Muhammad Muhammad Jâbir. Egypt: Maktabat al-Jundî, 1963. google scholar
  3. al-Ghazâlî, Abu Hâmid. al-Maqşad al-Asna ’ fi Sharh Asma 'Allah al-Husna. Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyyah, n.d. google scholar
  4. al-Ghazâlî, Abu Hâmid. al-Munqidhmin al-Dalal. InMajmü’atR.asa'ilal-Imâmal-Ghazalı. Edited by Ahmad Shams al-Din. Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1997. google scholar
  5. al-Ghazâlî, Abu Hâmid. al-Mustaşfa’min ‘Hm al-Uşül. Beirut: Dâr Ihyâ’ al-Turâth, 1324. google scholar
  6. al-Ghazâlî, Abu Hâmid. Fada'ih al-Batiniyyah. Edited by ‘Abd al-Rahmân al-Badawi. al-Qâhirah: Dâr al-Qawmiyyah li al-Tibâ‘ah wa al-Nashr, 1964. google scholar
  7. al-Ghazâlî, Abu Hâmid. Ihya’ ‘Ulimı al-Dın. 5 vols. Cairo: Mu’assasat al-Halabî, 1967. google scholar
  8. al-Ghazalı, Abu Hamid. Jawahir al-Qur ’m wa Duraruh. Edited by Hadıjah Muhammad Kamil and ‘Iffat al-Sharqawı. al-Qahirah: Dar al-Kutub wa al-Watha’iq al- Qawmiyyah, 2011/1432. google scholar

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Din Araştırmaları

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

30 Mart 2022

Gönderilme Tarihi

1 Aralık 2021

Kabul Tarihi

3 Mart 2022

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2022 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA
Özkan, A. (2022). The Similarities Between al-Ghazālī’s Science of the Hereafter and Rasāil Ikhwān al-Safā. İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi, 12(1), 107-126. https://doi.org/10.26650/iuitd.2022.1031206
AMA
1.Özkan A. The Similarities Between al-Ghazālī’s Science of the Hereafter and Rasāil Ikhwān al-Safā. İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi. 2022;12(1):107-126. doi:10.26650/iuitd.2022.1031206
Chicago
Özkan, Abdullah. 2022. “The Similarities Between al-Ghazālī’s Science of the Hereafter and Rasāil Ikhwān al-Safā”. İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi 12 (1): 107-26. https://doi.org/10.26650/iuitd.2022.1031206.
EndNote
Özkan A (01 Mart 2022) The Similarities Between al-Ghazālī’s Science of the Hereafter and Rasāil Ikhwān al-Safā. İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi 12 1 107–126.
IEEE
[1]A. Özkan, “The Similarities Between al-Ghazālī’s Science of the Hereafter and Rasāil Ikhwān al-Safā”, İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi, c. 12, sy 1, ss. 107–126, Mar. 2022, doi: 10.26650/iuitd.2022.1031206.
ISNAD
Özkan, Abdullah. “The Similarities Between al-Ghazālī’s Science of the Hereafter and Rasāil Ikhwān al-Safā”. İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi 12/1 (01 Mart 2022): 107-126. https://doi.org/10.26650/iuitd.2022.1031206.
JAMA
1.Özkan A. The Similarities Between al-Ghazālī’s Science of the Hereafter and Rasāil Ikhwān al-Safā. İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi. 2022;12:107–126.
MLA
Özkan, Abdullah. “The Similarities Between al-Ghazālī’s Science of the Hereafter and Rasāil Ikhwān al-Safā”. İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi, c. 12, sy 1, Mart 2022, ss. 107-26, doi:10.26650/iuitd.2022.1031206.
Vancouver
1.Abdullah Özkan. The Similarities Between al-Ghazālī’s Science of the Hereafter and Rasāil Ikhwān al-Safā. İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi. 01 Mart 2022;12(1):107-26. doi:10.26650/iuitd.2022.1031206