DİL GELİŞİMİ GECİKMİŞ OLAN ÇOCUKLARDA EKRAN MARUZİYETİ: ÖN ÇALIŞMA SONUÇLARI

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 83 Sayı: 1, 30 - 34, 13.01.2020

Gonca Keskindemirci Gülbin Gökçay

https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2019.0020

Öz

Amaç: Çocuklarda dil gelişimi birçok faktörden etkilenebilir. Cep telefonları ve televizyon olmak üzere çeşitli elektronik iletişim araçları yolu ile ekran maruziyeti günümüzde hızla artmaktadır. Çalışmada izole dil gelişim gecikmesi olan çocuklarda ekran maruziyetini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: İstanbul Üniversitesi İstanbul Tıp Fakultesi Sosyal Pediatri Bilim Dalı Çocuk Sağlığı İzlem Polikliniğine Ocak 2018 ve Mart 2018 tarihleri arasında başvuran 18-36 aylık çocuklardan izole dil gelişme gecikmiş olanlar vaka grubunda yer aldılar. Global gelişim geriliği olan, bilinen süreğen hastalığına bağlı dil gelişimi geri olan vakalar değerlendirme dışı tutuldu. Aynı zamanda başvuran aynı yaş grubundan olup dil gelişimine sorun olmayanlar kontrol grubu oluşturuldu. Ön ve arka fonda ekran maruziyet sıklığı ve süreleri açısından gruplar karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Yüzseksenyedi çocuktan dil gelişimi geciken 22 çocuğun ekran maruziyeti %81,8 olarak belirlenmiştir. Vaka grubunda arka fonda ekran maruziyeti ise %40,9, günlük ortanca maruziyet süresi 120 dakikadır. Kontrol grubunda (n=21) ise ekran maruziyeti %66,6, arka fonda ekran maruziyeti %23,8 ve günlük maruziyet süresinin ortanca değeri 60 dakika olarak saptanmıştır. Maruz kalınan süre riski vaka grubunda kontrol grubundan 1,01 kat fazla ve fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur Sonuç: Bulgularımıza göre ekran maruziyeti çocuklarda dil gelişimini etkileyen bir faktör olarak gözükmektedir. Bu alanda geniş ölçekte prospektif araştırmaların yapılmasına gereksinim vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dil gelişimi, ekran, süt çocuğu

SCREEN EXPOSURE IN CHILDREN WITH LANGUAGE DELAY; RESULTS OF PILOT STUDY

Öz

Objective: Many factors can affect language development. Screen exposure is increasing rapidly nowadays and the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of screen exposure on children with a delay in speech and language development. Material and Method: Children with an isolated language delay between the ages of 18 and 36 months and who were admitted to the İstanbul University İstanbul Medical Faculty Social Pediatrics, Outpatient Clinic, between January 2018 and March 2018 were evaluated as the case group. Children with a global developmental delay or with a chronic disease were excluded. Children with normal development admitted during the same period at the same age constituted the control group. Screen exposure times in terms of foreground and background activity, and total exposure times were evaluated. Results: In the case group (n=22) the screen exposure rate was 81.8%, background screen exposure was 40.9% and the median daily duration of exposure was 120 minutes. These figures were 66.6%, 23.8%, and 60 minutes respectively in the control group. The risk associated with duration of screen exposure in the case group was 1.01 times higher than that of the control group and the difference was found statistically significant. Conclusion: Screen exposure appears to be an important factor in language development in children. Further prospective studies on screen exposure and language delay are needed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Language development, screen exposure, infant, speech delay

Kaynakça

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