İstanbul’da Yerleşiklerin Bireysel Deprem Hazırlığı: Sosyal ve Bilişsel Belirleyiciler

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 44 Sayı: 1, 77 - 130, 26.08.2024

Mehmet Hanefi Topal , Kübra Şimşek , Adem Başpınar

https://doi.org/10.26650/SJ.2024.44.1.0102

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sosyal bilişsel teori (SBT) çerçevesinde deprem risk algısını içeren genişletilmiş bir model kullanarak İstanbul’da yerleşikler arasında bireysel düzeyde depreme hazırlığı etkileyen sosyal ve bilişsel faktörleri belirlemektir. 411 katılımcıyla bir anket yapılmış ve veri analizi, yapısal eşitlik modellemesi (YEM) kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular, SBT’nin iddialarını güçlü bir şekilde destekleyerek, sosyal (sosyal güven ve öznel normlar gibi) ve bilişsel (sonuç beklentileri ve öz yeterlilik dâhil) çevrenin deprem risk algısının temel belirleyicileri olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bununla birlikte, depreme hazırlık davranışının bilişsel faktörlerle, özellikle de öz yeterlilik ve risk algısıyla daha yakından ilişkili olduğu, öznel normların ise hazırlık davranışını etkileyen tek sosyal faktör olduğu görülmüştür. Bu sonuçlar, politika yapıcıların ve uygulayıcıların bireysel hazırlığı teşvik etmek ve afet riskini azaltmak için afet eğitimi, farkındalık çalışmaları ve katılımcı programlara odaklanmaları gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sosyal-Bilişsel Teori, Hazırlık Davranışı, Deprem Risk Algısı, İstanbul

Individual Earthquake Preparedness of Residents in Istanbul: Social and Cognitive Determinants

Öz

This study aims to identify the social and cognitive factors that influence individual-level earthquake preparedness among Istanbul residents by using an extended model that incorporates earthquake risk perception within the framework of social cognitive theory (SCT). A survey of 411 participants was conducted, and data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings strongly support the SCT assertions, revealing that social factors (such as social trust and subjective norms) and cognitive factors (including outcome expectations and self-efficacy) are key predictors of earthquake risk perception. However, earthquake preparedness behavior was found to be more closely associated with cognitive factors, particularly self-efficacy and risk perception, with subjective norms being the only social factor influencing preparedness behavior. These results that policymakers and practitioners should focus on disaster education, awareness, and participation to promote individual preparedness and mitigate disaster risk.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Social-Cognitive Theory, Preparedness Behaviour, Earthquake Risk Perception, Istanbul

Kaynakça

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