Derleme
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

RÜZGAR EROZYONUNDA BİTKİ ÖRTÜSÜNÜN ÖNEMİ

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 49 - 60, 30.12.2018

Öz

Rüzgar erozyonu verimli toprağın kaybedilmesine sebep olur ve sonuç olarak
çölleşme olayı meydana gelir. Çölleşme, potansiyel olarak, kurak alanlarda
yaşayan milyonlarca insanın sosyal ve ekonomik durumlarını etkileyen, ekosistem
değişikliğinin en tehdit edici unsuru olmaya devam etmektedir. Rüzgar erozyonu
ve dolayısıyla çölleşmenin en önemli sebebi, bitki örtüsünün farklı etkiler
sonucu azalmasıdır. Bu farklı etkilerin çok büyük bir kısmı maalesef insan kaynaklıdır.
Aslında insanın yaptığı her olumsuz etki, kendisine er geç bir afet olarak geri
dönmektedir. Bu afetlerden birisi olan hızlandırılmış erozyon, kabul edilebilir
değerlerin üzerindeki toprak kayıpları anlamına gelir ve engellenmediği sürece
geleceğimizi tüketmeye devam edecektir. Rüzgar erozyon afeti ile başa
çıkabilmek için, tahrip ettiğimiz bitki örtüsünü tamir etmek ve geri
kazandırmak bir insanlık ödevimizdir. Bu ödevimizi yaptığımız sürece iyilik
yapmaktan daha ziyade borcumuzu ödemiş olacağız. Bu çalışmada rüzgar
erozyonunun azaltılmasında bitki örtüsünün önemi, bitki türleri ve gerekli
kültürel işlemler açıklanarak, çalışma alanımız olan Iğdır-Aralık rüzgar
erozyon sahasından örnekler verilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Brandle, J. R., L. Hodges, X. H. Zhou, 2004. Windbreaks in North American agricultural systems; Agroforestry Systems, 61:65-78.
  • Burri, K. 2011. Plants and mycorrhizal fungi in wind erosion control, A dissertation submitted to ETH ZURICH for the degree of Doctor of Sciences.
  • FAO, 2018. http://www.fao.org/docrep/t1765e/t1765e0t.htm. Erişim tarihi: 15.12.2018.
  • Field, J.P., J. Belnap, D.D. Breshears, J.C. Neff, G.S. Okin, J.J. Whicker, T.H. Painter, S. Ravi, M.C. Reheis, R.L. Reynolds, 2010. The ecology of dust. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 8, 423-430.
  • Grant, P.F., W.G. Nickling, 1998. Direct field measurement of wind drag on vegetation for application to windbreak design and modeling. Land Degrad. Develop., 9, 57-66.
  • Heisler, G.M., D.R. Dewalle, 1988. Effects of windbreak structure on wind flow. Proceedings of an International Symposium on Windbreak Technology, 22-23, 41-69.
  • Heshmati, G.A., 2011. Biological models for protecting different land use in arid areas China. J. Rangeland Sci., 1(3), 235-246.
  • Karaoğlu, M., U. Şimşek, F. Tohumcu, E. Erdel, 2017. Determining surface soil properties of wind erosion area of Igdir-Aralik and estimating the soil loss. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, ISSN: 1018-4619., 26(5), 3170-3175.
  • Karaoğlu, M., 2016. Erozyon mu? Avrasya Terim Dergisi, ISSN: 2147-7507, 4(1), 39-44.
  • Karaoğlu, M., 2014. Erozyon, rüzgâr erozyonu ve Iğdır-Aralık örneği. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, ISSN: 2148-3647, 1(2), 167-172.
  • Kort, J., 1988. Benefits of windbreaks to field and forage crops. Proceedings of an International Symposium on Windbreak Technology, 22-23, 165-190.
  • Li, J., G.S. Okin, L. Alvarez, H. Epstein, 2007. Quantitative effects of vegetation cover on wind erosion and soil nutrient loss in a desert grass- land of southern New Mexico. Biogeochemistry, 85, 317–322.
  • Qiu, G.Y., I.B. Lee, H. Shimizu, Y. Gao, G. Ding, 2004. Principles of sand dune fixation with straw checkerboard technology and its effects on the environment. Journal of Arid Environments, 56, 449-464.
  • Olafson, A., 1997. Stabilization of coastal dunes with vegetation. Restoration and Reclamation Rev., 2(5), 1-7.
  • Sinha, R.K., S. Bhatia, R. Vishnoi, 1999. Desertification Control and Rangeland Management in Thar Desert of India. In Proceedings of the International Workshop on Rangeland Desertification, RALA, Reykjavik, Iceland, September 16-19.
  • Sudmeyer, R.A., P.R. Scott, 2002. Characterization of a windbreak system on the south coast of Western Australia 1. Microclimate and wind erosion. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 42(6), 703-715.
  • Van Pelt, R.S., T.M. Zobeck, 2004. Effects of polyacrylamide, cover crops, and crop residue management on wind erosion, ISCO, 13th International Soil Conservation Organisation Conference, Brisbane.
  • Woodhouse, W.W. Jr., 1978. Dune Building and Stabilization with Vegetation. U.S. Army Corp of Engineers, 3, 9-104.

THE IMPORTANCE OF PLANT COVER IN WIND EROSION

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 49 - 60, 30.12.2018

Öz

Wind erosion leads to the loss of fertile soil and
consequently to desertification. Desertification continues to be the most
threatening element of ecosystem change, potentially affecting the social and
economic situation of millions of people living in arid areas. The most
important reason for wind erosion and hence desertification is the reduction of
vegetation due to different effects. Most of these different effects are
unfortunately human induced. In fact, every negative effect that people do is
returning to himself as a disaster. Accelerated erosion, one of these
disasters, means land losses above acceptable values ​​and will continue to
consume our future unless it is hindered. In order to cope with wind erosion
disaster, repairing and recovering the vegetation we have destroyed is a
humanity assignment. As long as we do our homework, we will pay our debt rather
than doing good. In this study, the importance of vegetation in the reduction
of wind erosion, plant species and necessary cultural processes were explained
and examples from the wind erosion area of ​​Iğdır-Aralık where is our study
field were given.

Kaynakça

  • Brandle, J. R., L. Hodges, X. H. Zhou, 2004. Windbreaks in North American agricultural systems; Agroforestry Systems, 61:65-78.
  • Burri, K. 2011. Plants and mycorrhizal fungi in wind erosion control, A dissertation submitted to ETH ZURICH for the degree of Doctor of Sciences.
  • FAO, 2018. http://www.fao.org/docrep/t1765e/t1765e0t.htm. Erişim tarihi: 15.12.2018.
  • Field, J.P., J. Belnap, D.D. Breshears, J.C. Neff, G.S. Okin, J.J. Whicker, T.H. Painter, S. Ravi, M.C. Reheis, R.L. Reynolds, 2010. The ecology of dust. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 8, 423-430.
  • Grant, P.F., W.G. Nickling, 1998. Direct field measurement of wind drag on vegetation for application to windbreak design and modeling. Land Degrad. Develop., 9, 57-66.
  • Heisler, G.M., D.R. Dewalle, 1988. Effects of windbreak structure on wind flow. Proceedings of an International Symposium on Windbreak Technology, 22-23, 41-69.
  • Heshmati, G.A., 2011. Biological models for protecting different land use in arid areas China. J. Rangeland Sci., 1(3), 235-246.
  • Karaoğlu, M., U. Şimşek, F. Tohumcu, E. Erdel, 2017. Determining surface soil properties of wind erosion area of Igdir-Aralik and estimating the soil loss. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, ISSN: 1018-4619., 26(5), 3170-3175.
  • Karaoğlu, M., 2016. Erozyon mu? Avrasya Terim Dergisi, ISSN: 2147-7507, 4(1), 39-44.
  • Karaoğlu, M., 2014. Erozyon, rüzgâr erozyonu ve Iğdır-Aralık örneği. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, ISSN: 2148-3647, 1(2), 167-172.
  • Kort, J., 1988. Benefits of windbreaks to field and forage crops. Proceedings of an International Symposium on Windbreak Technology, 22-23, 165-190.
  • Li, J., G.S. Okin, L. Alvarez, H. Epstein, 2007. Quantitative effects of vegetation cover on wind erosion and soil nutrient loss in a desert grass- land of southern New Mexico. Biogeochemistry, 85, 317–322.
  • Qiu, G.Y., I.B. Lee, H. Shimizu, Y. Gao, G. Ding, 2004. Principles of sand dune fixation with straw checkerboard technology and its effects on the environment. Journal of Arid Environments, 56, 449-464.
  • Olafson, A., 1997. Stabilization of coastal dunes with vegetation. Restoration and Reclamation Rev., 2(5), 1-7.
  • Sinha, R.K., S. Bhatia, R. Vishnoi, 1999. Desertification Control and Rangeland Management in Thar Desert of India. In Proceedings of the International Workshop on Rangeland Desertification, RALA, Reykjavik, Iceland, September 16-19.
  • Sudmeyer, R.A., P.R. Scott, 2002. Characterization of a windbreak system on the south coast of Western Australia 1. Microclimate and wind erosion. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 42(6), 703-715.
  • Van Pelt, R.S., T.M. Zobeck, 2004. Effects of polyacrylamide, cover crops, and crop residue management on wind erosion, ISCO, 13th International Soil Conservation Organisation Conference, Brisbane.
  • Woodhouse, W.W. Jr., 1978. Dune Building and Stabilization with Vegetation. U.S. Army Corp of Engineers, 3, 9-104.
Toplam 18 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Derleme Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Mücahit Karaoğlu 0000-0002-7388-9192

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2018
Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Aralık 2018
Kabul Tarihi 31 Aralık 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Karaoğlu, M. (2018). RÜZGAR EROZYONUNDA BİTKİ ÖRTÜSÜNÜN ÖNEMİ. Journal of Agriculture, 1(2), 49-60.