Araştırma Makalesi

An Examination of the Different Interpretations of the Concept of Caliphate in Sunni and Shi'i Tafsirs in Four Qur'anic Verses

Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2 15 Aralık 2025
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An Examination of the Different Interpretations of the Concept of Caliphate in Sunni and Shi'i Tafsirs in Four Qur'anic Verses

Öz

The discourse surrounding the caliphate provides a critical lens through which to examine the conceptual foundations of power, authority, and legitimacy within Islamic intellectual tradition. This debate has engendered divergent hermeneutical and theological approaches concerning the interpretation of scriptural texts, the mechanisms of communal consensus, and the principles underpinning political legitimacy. This study undertakes a comparative analysis of the exegetical treatments of four Qur’anic verses within Sunni and Shi‘i scholarly literature to elucidate the theological and jurisprudential dimensions of the caliphate. Employing qualitative methodology, the research adopts a document-based analytical framework, with primary sources selected through purposive sampling to ensure methodological rigor. The findings demonstrate that both Sunni and Shi‘i scholarly traditions engage with the question of succession through the lens of divine designation (naṣṣ), albeit with fundamentally differing theological presuppositions. Sunni exegetes predominantly invoke the Irtidād verse (Q 5:51) and the Ṣiddīq verse (Q 4:69) as textual evidence in support of their positions, whereas Shi‘i scholars anchor their arguments in the Wilāyah verse (Q 5:55) and the Tablīgh verse (Q 5:67). A close reading of these exegetical traditions reveals that each school interprets these verses through distinct hermeneutical frameworks, resulting in divergent conclusions regarding rightful succession: Sunni scholarship prioritizes the legitimacy of Abū Bakr, while Shi‘i scholarship asserts the exclusive right of ‘Alī. This analysis underscores the necessity of contextualizing early Islamic historical developments, suggesting that the socio-political contingencies of the formative period remain indispensable to a nuanced understanding of the caliphate debate.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. al-Ash'ari, Ebu'l-Hasan. (2005). Maqalat al-Islamiyyin wa Ikhtilaf al-Musallin (trans. Mehmet Dalkılıç and Ömer Aydın), Istanbul: Kabalcı Yayınevi.
  2. Akbar, N. (1971). Masailu'l-Imama wa Muktezatun mine'l-Kitabi'l-Awsati fi'l-Maqalat, Bayrūt: Dar al-Nashr.
  3. Aycan, İ. and Söylemez, M. M. (1998). İdeolojik Tarih Okumaları, Ankara: Ankara Okulu Yayınları.
  4. Ayyashi, M. (1990). Kitāb al-Tafsīr: Tafsīr al-Ayyāshī, Tehrān: al-Maktabah al-ʻIlmīyah al-Islāmīyah.
  5. Baghawi, E. (1989). Tafsir al-Baghawi: Mealim al-Tanzil, ar-Riyāḍ: Dār Ṭayyibah lil-Nashr.
  6. Bahraini, S. H. (2006). al-Burhan fi Tafsīr al-Qur'an, Bayrūt: Muʼassasat al-Aʻlām lil-Maṭbūʻāt.
  7. Baqillani, E. (2000). al-Insaf fima Wajibu I'tikaduhu wa Wa Wa Waajuzu al-jahlu bih, al-Qāhirah: al-Maktabah al-Azhariyyah li'l-Turāth.
  8. Bayzawi, N. (2003). Tafsir al-Bayzawi: Anwar al-Tanzil and Esrar al-Ta'vil, Bayrūt: Dār al-Kutub al-ʻIlmiyyah.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

İslam Mezhepleri, İslam Araştırmaları (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Erken Görünüm Tarihi

12 Aralık 2025

Yayımlanma Tarihi

15 Aralık 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

7 Ocak 2025

Kabul Tarihi

30 Eylül 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA
Büyükarslan, B. M. (2025). An Examination of the Different Interpretations of the Concept of Caliphate in Sunni and Shi’i Tafsirs in Four Qur’anic Verses. Journal of Analytic Divinity, 9(2), 122-135. https://doi.org/10.46595/jad.1615288
AMA
1.Büyükarslan BM. An Examination of the Different Interpretations of the Concept of Caliphate in Sunni and Shi’i Tafsirs in Four Qur’anic Verses. JAD. 2025;9(2):122-135. doi:10.46595/jad.1615288
Chicago
Büyükarslan, Bürhan Mustafa. 2025. “An Examination of the Different Interpretations of the Concept of Caliphate in Sunni and Shi’i Tafsirs in Four Qur’anic Verses”. Journal of Analytic Divinity 9 (2): 122-35. https://doi.org/10.46595/jad.1615288.
EndNote
Büyükarslan BM (01 Aralık 2025) An Examination of the Different Interpretations of the Concept of Caliphate in Sunni and Shi’i Tafsirs in Four Qur’anic Verses. Journal of Analytic Divinity 9 2 122–135.
IEEE
[1]B. M. Büyükarslan, “An Examination of the Different Interpretations of the Concept of Caliphate in Sunni and Shi’i Tafsirs in Four Qur’anic Verses”, JAD, c. 9, sy 2, ss. 122–135, Ara. 2025, doi: 10.46595/jad.1615288.
ISNAD
Büyükarslan, Bürhan Mustafa. “An Examination of the Different Interpretations of the Concept of Caliphate in Sunni and Shi’i Tafsirs in Four Qur’anic Verses”. Journal of Analytic Divinity 9/2 (01 Aralık 2025): 122-135. https://doi.org/10.46595/jad.1615288.
JAMA
1.Büyükarslan BM. An Examination of the Different Interpretations of the Concept of Caliphate in Sunni and Shi’i Tafsirs in Four Qur’anic Verses. JAD. 2025;9:122–135.
MLA
Büyükarslan, Bürhan Mustafa. “An Examination of the Different Interpretations of the Concept of Caliphate in Sunni and Shi’i Tafsirs in Four Qur’anic Verses”. Journal of Analytic Divinity, c. 9, sy 2, Aralık 2025, ss. 122-35, doi:10.46595/jad.1615288.
Vancouver
1.Bürhan Mustafa Büyükarslan. An Examination of the Different Interpretations of the Concept of Caliphate in Sunni and Shi’i Tafsirs in Four Qur’anic Verses. JAD. 01 Aralık 2025;9(2):122-35. doi:10.46595/jad.1615288

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