TEKNİSYENLER, DANIŞMANLAR VE ANLAM ÜRETENLER OLARAK SOSYAL BİLİMCİLER

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 177 - 195, 15.12.2019

Çevirmen: Mehmet Emin Sarıkaya

https://doi.org/10.46595/jad.635475

Öz

Bu çalışmada, sosyal bilim bilgisinin
toplumun yapısındaki rolü hakkında, temel bilimsel yaklaşımlardan üç başlık
halinde bahsedeceğiz.(1) Sosyal bilimciler – bu her zaman kasıtlı bir seçim
olmamasına rağmen- onların rolünü pratik bilginin üreticisi olarak tanımlayan 3
modelden birini takip etme eğilimindedir. Basit olması adına biz bu üç modeli
‘’ Teknisyen Modeli’’, ‘’Danışman Modeli’’ ve ‘’Anlam Üretenler Modeli’’ olarak
adlandıracağız. (2) Sosyal bilimcinin çalışma alanının özel ve sınırlı bir
bakış açısı benimsemesi, sosyal araştırmanın gereğindendir; (zira) kullanışlı
bilgi karmaşık bir konudur. Böylece bu gereklilik bir soruyu, en azından sosyal
bilimciler arasında geniş bir şekilde desteklenen bir görüşü ortaya koyar.
Sosyal bilim bilgisinin sınırlı ‘gücü’ hakkında sorulduğunda cevap sıklıkla
sosyal bilim bilgisinin pratik kullanışlılığının ve yeterliliğinin,  sosyal fenomenin gerçekte ne kadar karmaşık
olduğunu, tüm bu karmaşıklığı kavrama işlevi olduğudur.(3) Sosyal bilimciler
genelde toplum üzerinde sahip oldukları marjinal entelektüel etkiden yakınma
eğilimindedirler ve onlar sözde iki kültür sınıflandırmasına, birçok topluma
girdiği görülen doğa bilimleri ve teknolojide olduğu şekliyle nasıl ve ne zaman
başarı ve ün kazanabilecekleri endişesiyle, büyük bir düşmanlıkla bakarlar. Fakat
bu endişe, sosyal bilimlerin aktüel gücünü özellikle zihniyet oluşturucu veya anlam
üretici gücünü hafife alır görünmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bilgi sosyolojisi, girişim kapasitesi, uzmanlık

SOCIAL SCIENTISTS AS TECHNICIANS, ADVISORS AND MEANING PRODUCERS

Öz

In this paper, we are addressing three issues
that are at the core of scholarly reflections about the societal role of social
science knowledge: (1) Social scientists tend to follow – although this is not
always a deliberate choice – one of three models that describe their role as
the producers of practical knowledge. For the sake of simplicity we have called
the three models the “model of the technician”, the “model of the advisor” and
the “model of the meaning producer”. (2) Due to the need for social inquiry to
adopt a particular, restrictive perspective of its domain, useful knowledge is
a complicated matter. Hence the need to put into question a widely supported
notion at least among social scientists: When asked about the reasons for the
limited “power” of social science knowledge the response frequently is that the
adequacy and practical usefulness of social science knowledge is a function of
its capturing the full complexity of what indeed are complex social phenomena.
(3) Social scientists often tend to lament the marginal impact their
intellectual efforts have on society, and they look with great envy across the
divide of the so-called two cultures, wondering how and when they will be able
to achieve the same kind of success and prestige the natural sciences and
technology appear to enjoy in most societies. However, this unhappy view
systematically understates the actual power of social science knowledge, in
particular its role as a mind maker or meaning producer.

Anahtar Kelimeler

sociology of knowledge, capability approach, expertise

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