Tavuk Kökenli Enterococcus faecium ve Lactobacillus Türlerinin Probiyotik Özelliklerinin Araştırılması

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 356 - 365, 30.09.2020

Yağmur Koçak Alper Çiftci

https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.763996

Öz

Bu çalışmada potansiyel probiyotik bakterilerden olan Lactobacillus spp. ve Enterococcus faecium’un sağlıklı tavuklardan izolasyonu ve izole edilen bakterilerin probiyotik olarak kullanılma potansiyellerinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Çalışmada Samsun’da bulunan ticari bir kanatlı hayvan mezbahasında kesim aşamasında olan 50 adet tavuğa ait bağırsak incelendi. Bağırsak mukozalarından alınan örneklerden Lactobacillus spp. ve E. faecium bakterilerinin izolasyonu amacıyla selektif besi yerlerine ekim yapıldı. Şüpheli kolonilerin identifikasyonu PCR ile yapıldı. İzole edilen bakterilerin % 0,5-1,0 safra konsantrasyonlarına direnci için Safra Tolerans Testi gerçekleştirildi. İzolatların pH 3 ve pH 5’e direnç durumları pH Tolerans Testi ile belirlendi. İzolatların hidrofobisiteleri %0,03 Kongo Kırmızılı agar kullanılarak incelendi. İzolatların antibiyotik dirençlilikleri dokuz farklı antibiyotik diski kullanılarak Kirby Bauer Disk Difüzyon Testi ile belirlendi. İzolatların patojen Escherichia coli izolatına karşı antagonistik etkilerinin araştırılmasında Radyal Difüzyon yöntemi kullanıldı. Örneklerden 20 adet E. faecium ve 9’u L. acidophilus olmak üzere 21 adet Lactobacillus spp. izole edildi. İzolatların tümünün % 0,5-1,0 safra konsantrasyonlarına, pH 3-5’e dirençli oldukları saptandı. İzolatların tümünün hidrofobik karakterde olduğu, ancak hiçbirisinin E.coli’ye karşı antagonistik etki göstermediği belirlendi. E.faecium izolatlarının 8 tanesi 8 antibiyotiğe karşı dirençli olarak değerlendirildi. Lactobacillus spp. izolatlarının 1 tanesinin 5 antibiyotiğe ve L. acidophilus izolatlarından da 1 tanesinin 7 antibiyotiğe dirençli olduğu belirlendi ve çoklu dirence sahip suşlar olarak değerlendirildi. Çalışma sonucunda tüm izolatların hidrofobik özellikte olduğu, safra ve düşük pH’ya dirençli olduğu fakat hiçbirisinin E.coli’ye karşı test edilen koşullarda etkili olmadığı belirlendi. Elde edilen sonuçlar, E. faecium, L. acidophilus ve Lactobacillus spp. izolatlarından çoklu antibiyotik direnci gösterenlerin probiyotik olarak kullanılabilir özellikte olduğunu ve in vivo koşullarda etkinlik denemeleri yapılması gerekliliğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus, probiyotik, tavuk

Destekleyen Kurum

Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu Başkanlığı

Proje Numarası

PYO.VET.1904.16.016

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma, PYO.VET.1904.16.016 proje numarası ile Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu Başkanlığı tarafından desteklenmiştir.

Investigation of Probiotic Properties of Chicken Originated Enterococcus Faecium and Lactobacillus Species

Öz

Abstract: In this study, the isolation of Lactobacillus spp. and Enterococcus faecium and the investigation of the potential use of isolated bacteria as probiotic were aimed. In a study, 50 chicken intestines, which were taken from a commercial chicken slaughter house in Samsun region, were investigated. The samples were taken from intestinal mucosae and inoculated to the selective mediums for the isolation of Lactobacillus spp. and E. faecium. Suspected colonies were identified by PCR. The isolated bacteria were investigated for bile (0.5-1%) and pH (3-5) resistance by Bile and pH Tolerance tests, respectively. The hydrophobicity’s of the isolates were tested by using 0.03% Congo Red Agar. The antibiotic resistances of the isolates were determined by Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion Test with using 9 antibiotic discs. The Radial Diffusion Method was used for determining the antagonistic effects of the isolates against Escherichia coli. Twenty E.faecium, 21 Lactobacillus spp. (9 of them were L. acidophilus) were isolated from samples. All the isolets were found as resistant to tested bile and pH conditions. All the isolates were hydrophobic, but none of them had an antagonistic effect against Escherichia coli. Eight of E.faecium isolates were found as resistant to 8 antibiotics. One Lactobacillus spp. (other than L. acidophilus) and 1 L. acidophilus isolate were resistant to 5 and 7 antibiotics, respectively. These isolates were evaluated as multi-antibiotic resistant strains. In conclusion, we detected that all the isolates were hydrophobic, resistant to bile and low pH conditions; but none of them had an antagonistic effect against Escherichia coli in tested conditions. These results indicated that the multi-antibiotic resistant strains of E.faecium, L.acidophilus and Lactobacillus spp. isolates had a potential of using as a probiotic and further in vivo efficiency studies had to be essential for these strains.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus, poultry, probiotics

Proje Numarası

PYO.VET.1904.16.016

Kaynakça

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