Koruma Öncelikli Kaçeli Koyun Genotipinde Üreme Performansı, Doğum Ağırlığı ve Yaşam Gücü Özellikleri
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 92 - 109, 30.12.2025
Çağrı Kandemir
,
Atakan Kahraman
,
Elçin Dikilikaya
,
Orhan Karaca
,
İbrahim Cemal
,
Onur Yılmaz
,
Çağdaş Gürel
,
Hüseyin Gökhan Özdemir
,
Nezih Ata
,
Zühal Gündüz
Öz
Bu çalışma, Batı Anadoluda genetik kaynak olarak korunan Kaçeli koyun genotipinde doğuran koyun başına doğan kuzu sayısı, doğum ağırlığı ve kuzu yaşama gücü performansını değerlendirmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, 2024 ve 2025 üretim dönemlerinde üç işletmede bulunan 420 baş koyun ve bunlardan doğan 470 baş kuzuya ait kayıtlardan elde edilen veriler kullanılmıştır. Doğuran koyun başına doğan kuzu sayısı ve doğum ağırlığına ilişkin genel ortalamalar sırasıyla 1.15 ve 2.87 kg olarak elde edilmiştir. Doğuran koyun başına doğan kuzu sayısı üzerine yıl, işletme ve doğum ayı etkileri istatistiksel olarak önemsiz bulunurken, ana yaşının etkisi anlamlı olmuştur. En yüksek doğuran koyun başına doğan kuzu sayısı 4–5 yaşlı koyunlarda gözlenmiştir. Doğum ağırlığı işletme, ana yaşı, doğum tipi ve mevsim koşullarından önemli ölçüde etkilenmiş (p < 0.05), buna karşın bu özellike üzerine yıl ve cinsiyet etkileri sınırlı kalmıştır. Tek doğan kuzuların doğum ağırlığı ikizlerden %21.6 daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Pazarlama dönemine kadar genel yaşama gücü %89.36 olup, yıllar arasında anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir. Çoklu yüzey (faceted) violin analizleri, yüksek doğum ağırlığının yaşama olasılığını belirgin biçimde artırdığını, doğum tipinin ise bu ilişkiyi doğum ağırlığı üzerinden dolaylı olarak etkilediğini ortaya koymuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar, Kaçeli koyun genotipinin genetik olarak istikrarlı ve çevresel streslere karşı dirençli bir yapıya sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Genotipin döl verimi, dengeli doğum ağırlıkları ve yüksek yaşama gücü, düşük girdi koşullarında bile sürdürülebilir üretim kapasitesine işaret etmektedir. Bu bulgular, Kaçeli gibi yerli genotiplerin yalnızca üretim değeriyle değil, aynı zamanda genetik çeşitliliğin korunması, ekolojik denge ve iklim değişikliğine karşı biyolojik dayanıklılığın sürdürülmesi açısından da stratejik önem taşıdığını vurgulamaktadır.
Etik Beyan
Bu çalışma, hayvanlar üzerinde herhangi bir invaziv prosedür veya deneysel müdahale içermemektedir. Tüm veriler, rutin yönetim uygulamaları ve sürü içindeki doğal üreme olayları yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Bu nedenle, hayvan deneyleri ile ilgili ulusal ve kurumsal düzenlemeler uyarınca etik onay gerekmemiştir. Çalışma, hayvan refahı standartlarına tam olarak uygun olarak yürütülmüş ve hayvan araştırmaları etiği ile ilgili Helsinki Deklarasyonu ilkelerine bağlı kalınmıştır.
Destekleyen Kurum
İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi
Teşekkür
Çalışmanın başarılı bir şekilde yürütülmesinde önemli rol oynayan İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi'ne sağladığı önemli mali ve lojistik destek için teşekkür ederiz. Ayrıca, araştırma süreci boyunca değerli işbirliği ve teknik desteklerinden dolayı Çeşme Belediyesi ve Çeşmeköy Tarım Kalkınma Kooperatifi'ne de içten teşekkürlerimizi sunarız. Bune ek olarak, çalışma sürecinde bizimle iş birliği içinde olan çiftçilerimize de en derin şükranlarımızı sunarız.
Kaynakça
-
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-
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Reproductive Performance, Birth Weight and Survival Characteristics in the Conservation-Priority Kaçeli Sheep Genotype
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 92 - 109, 30.12.2025
Çağrı Kandemir
,
Atakan Kahraman
,
Elçin Dikilikaya
,
Orhan Karaca
,
İbrahim Cemal
,
Onur Yılmaz
,
Çağdaş Gürel
,
Hüseyin Gökhan Özdemir
,
Nezih Ata
,
Zühal Gündüz
Öz
This study was conducted to evaluate the number of lambs born per ewe, birth weight, and lamb survival rate in the Kaçeli sheep genotype, which is conserved as a genetic resource in Western Anatolia. Data were collected from records of 420 ewes and 470 lambs born to them on three farms during the 2024 and 2025 production periods. The overall averages for litter size and birth weight were 1.15 and 2.87 kg, respectively. The effects of year, farm, and month of birth on litter size were found to be statistically insignificant, whereas the effect of ewe age was significant. The highest number of lambs born per ewe was observed in 4–5-year-old ewes. Birth weight was significantly influenced by farm, ewe age, type of birth, and seasonal conditions (p < 0.05), while the effects of year and sex on this trait were minimal. The birth weight of single lambs was 21.6% higher than that of twins. The overall survival rate up to the marketing period was 89.36%, with significant differences observed between years. Faceted violin analyses revealed that higher birth weight significantly increased the survival rate, while birth type indirectly influenced this relationship through birth weight. The results indicate that the Kaçeli sheep genotype is genetically stable and resilient to environmental stresses. The genotype’s fertility, balanced birth weights, and high survival rate demonstrate sustainable production capacity even under low-input conditions. These findings emphasize that native breeds such as Kaçeli sheep genotype are strategically important not only for their production value but also for preserving genetic diversity, maintaining ecological balance, and enhancing biological resilience against climate change.
Etik Beyan
This study did not involve any invasive procedures or experimental interventions on animals. All data were obtained through routine management practices and natural reproductive events within the herds. Therefore, ethical approval was not required in accordance with national and institutional regulations on animal experimentation. The study was conducted in full compliance with animal welfare standards and adhered to the principles of the Helsinki Declaration concerning animal research ethics.
Destekleyen Kurum
İzmir Metropolitan Municipality
Teşekkür
The authors gratefully acknowledge the İzmir Metropolitan Municipality for its substantial financial and logistical support, which was instrumental in the successful execution of this study. We also extend our sincere appreciation to the Çeşme Municipality and the Çeşmeköy Agricultural Development Cooperative for their valuable collaboration and technical assistance throughout the research process. Additionally, we deeply appreciate the cooperation and goodwill of the local farmers, who generously permitted the implementation of the study procedures on their animals.
Kaynakça
-
Aksoy, Y., Şekeroğlu, A., Duman, M., Çoban, Ö.B., 2023. A study on the determination of some reproductive traits of ewes and the growth performance of lambs Akkaraman raised under farm conditions in the province of Niğde. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology. 11(6) : 1168-1175.
-
Aktas, A.H., Dursun, S., Dogan, S., Kiyma, Z., Demirci, U., Halici, I., 2015. Effects of ewe live weight and age on reproductive performance, lamb growth, and survival in Central Anatolian Merino sheep. Archives Animal Breeding. 58(2): 451-459.
-
Anwar, R., Abebe, R., Sheferaw, D., 2024. Epidemiological study of lamb and kid morbidity and mortality rates and associated risk factors in an extensive management system in the Dalocha district, Silte Zone, Central Ethiopia. Animal Diseases. 4(1): 46.
-
Arrebola, F.A., Abecia, J.A., Forcada, F., Garcia, A., Martín, R.A., Mesa, O., 2009. Effects of annual rainfall and farm on lamb production after treatment with melatonin implants in Merino sheep: A 4-year study. New Zealand Veterinary Journal. 57(3): 141-145.
-
As, A., Purwoagung, A.S., Susilorini, T.E., Septian, W.A., Nugraha, C.D., Putri, R.F., Ardiantoro, A., Suyadi, S., 2025. The effect of ewe age on birth weight and litter size of texel cross sheep mated with dorper and awassi rams. Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences. 13(8): 1672-1680.
-
Aslaminejad, A.A., Saghi, D.A., Dashab, G., Zabetyan, M., 2011. Evaluation of environmental effect on Baluchi lamb survival between birth day and weaning. Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research. 3(3): 292-216.
-
Assan, N., 2020. Aspects of litter size (birth type) in goats and sheep production. Scientific Journal of Zoology. 9(2): 138-151.
-
Ata, N., Gündüz, Z., Kaşıkçı, D., Canatan, T., Cemal, İ., Yılmaz, O., 2025. Tracing roots: A study on phylogenetic and genetic diversity in indigenous sheep breeds of southwestern Türkiye. Small Ruminant Research. 107521.
-
Aydin, K.B., Bi, Y., Brito, L.F., Ulutas, Z., Morota, G., 2024. Review of sheep breeding and genetic research in Türkiye. Frontiers in Genetics. 15: 1308113.
-
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