TÜRKİYE TURİZM YATIRIMLARININ BULANIK ÇOK AMAÇLI DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Öz

Son yıllarda turizm, ülkeler için önemli iş alanlarından biri olmuştur. Özellikle 1980'lerden sonra turizmin bireysel kazançtan aldığı pay gün geçtikçe artmıştır. Bu nedenle bu sektöre yapılacak yatırımların yapılabilir ve mantıklı olması gerekmektedir. Ancak literatürde, hangi turizm türleri veya hangi yatırım sorularının sayısal olarak tartışılması ve hesaplanması gerektiği ile ilgili neredeyse hiç mühendislik çalışması yoktur. Bu çalışmada sayısal örnek için, ilk olarak mühendislik açısından bulanık ANP ile Türkiye'de yatırım yapmayı planladığımız turizm türüne karar verdik. Daha sonra bu turizm türü için Türkiye'den üç gerçek yatırım projesi bulunmuş ve bulanık ANP kullanılarak önceliklendirilmiştir. Bu projelere ait bu ağırlıkları ve finansal verileri kullanarak, bu üç yatırım arasında en uygun yatırımı görmek için bulanık çok amaçlı karar verme uygulanmıştır. Bu uygulama sadece Türkiye’ye değil, aynı karar verme teknikleri kullanılarak farklı ülkelere de uygulanabilmektedir. Bu makale, turizm literatürüne mühendislik bakış açısı getirmekte ve yatırımcılara yapılabilir yatırımlar konusunda yardımcı olmaktadır. Yazarların bilgisine göre bu çalışma, turizm yatırımlarını mühendislik bakış açısı ile sayısal olarak ele alan ilk çalışma olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Turizm
• Yatırım
• Karar verme
• Fuzzy ANP
• Çok Amaçlı Lineer Programlama

FUZZY MULTI-OBJECTIVE EVALUATION OF TOURISM INVESTMENTS IN TURKEY

Öz

In recent years, tourism has been one of the major business areas for countries. Especially after the 1980's the share of tourism from individual earnings has increased day by day. For this reason, investments in this sector have to be feasible and logical. But in the literature, there are nearly no issues of engineers—which types of tourism or which investment questions must be discussed and calculated numerically. For the numerical example in this study, firstly, we decided the tourism type planned to invest in Turkey with fuzzy ANP from an engineering point of view. Then, three real investment projects from Turkey were found for this tourism type and prioritized using fuzzy ANP. Using these weights and financial data belonging to these projects, we apply fuzzy multi-objective decision-making to see the most feasible investment among these three investments. This application is not only for Turkey but can also be applied to different countries using the same decision-making techniques. This paper brings an engineering point of view to the tourism literature and helps investors with feasible investments. To the authors' knowledge, this will be the first study that deals with tourism investments numerically.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• tourism
• investment
• decision making
• fuzzy Analytic Network Process
• fuzzy Multi-Objective Linear Programming

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