Araştırma Makalesi
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The Relationship between Happiness and Educational Stress: The Role of Leisure Participation

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 25, 106 - 132

Öz

In this study, it was aimed to compare the happiness and educational stress levels of students with different independent variables and to test the predictive power of educational stress on happiness. The study group of the research consisted of 525 secondary school students. In the study, “Educational Stress Scale (ESS)” and “School Children's Happiness Inventory (SCHI)” were used. MANOVA, Pearson correlation and regression analysis methods were preferred in data analysis. It was determined that the mean scores of ''ESS'' and ''SCHI'' differed statistically significantly according to gender, preference for participation in recreational activities and participation in physical activity. In addition, educational stress was found to be a significant predictor of happiness. As a result, an increase in the level of educational stress is associated with an increase in negative subjective well-being, while active participation in recreational activities among students enhances positive subjective well-being, and passive participation increases negative subjective well-being.

Etik Beyan

Etik Kurul Belgesi Etik Kurul Komisyon Adı: Ankara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Etik Kurulu Etik Kurul Belge Tarihi ve Sayı No: 11/07/2023 ve 990459

Kaynakça

  • Aaltonen, S., Latvala, A., Rose, R. J., Kujala, U. M., Kaprio, J., & Silventoinen, K. (2016). Leisure-time physical activity and academic performance: Cross-lagged associations from adolescence to young adulthood. Scientific Reports, 6(1), 39215. Ager, A. (2013). Annual Research Review: Resilience and child well‐being–public policy implications. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54(4), 488-500.
  • Ahamed, Y., MacDonald, H., Reed, K., Naylor, P. J., Liu-Ambrose, T., & Mckay, H. (2007). School-based physical activity does not compromise children's academic performance. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 39(2), 371-376.
  • Aloia, L. S., & McTigue, M. (2019). Buffering against sources of academic stress: the ınfluence of supportive ınformational and emotional communication on psychological well-being. Communication Research Reports, 36(2), 126-135.
  • Amato, P. R., & Keith, B. (1991). Parental divorce and adult well-being: A meta-analysis. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 53(1), 43-58.
  • Ayyash-Abdo, H., & Sánchez-Ruiz, M. J. (2012). Subjective wellbeing and its relationship with academic achievement and multilinguality among Lebanese university students. International Journal of Psychology, 47(3), 192-202.
  • Badri, M., Al Nuaimi, A., Guang, Y., Al Sheryani, Y., & Al Rashedi, A. (2018). The effects of home and school on children’s happiness: A structural equation model. International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy, 12(1), 17.
  • Bedewy, D., & Gabriel, A. (2015). Examining perceptions of academic stress and its sources among university students: The Perception of Academic Stress Scale. Health Psychology Open, 2(2), 2055102915596714.
  • Bors, D. (2018). Data analysis for the social sciences: Integrating theory and practice. Sage.
  • Briki, W. (2018). Why do exercisers with a higher trait self-control experience higher subjective well-being? The mediating effects of amount of leisure-time physical activity, perceived goal progress, and self-efficacy. Personality and Individual Differences, 125, 62-67.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Akgün, Ö. E., Demirel, F., Karadeniz, Ş., & Çakmak, E. K. (2015). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Pegem Akademi.
  • Chen, X., Cai, Z., He, J., & Fan, X. (2020). Gender differences in life satisfaction among children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. Journal of Happiness Studies, 21, 2279-2307.
  • Cohen, J. (2006). Social, emotional, ethical, and academic education: Creating a climate for learning, participation in democracy, and well-being. Harvard Educational Review, 76(2), 201-237.
  • Çelik, I., Akın, A., & Sarıçam, H. (2014). A scale adaptation study related to the examination of adolescents’ levels of educational stress. Üniversitepark Bülten, 3(1-2), 44.
  • Demirel, M. (2019). Leisure Involvement and Happiness Levels of Individuals Having Fitness Center Membership. Journal of Education and Learning, 8(6), 140-149.
  • Deng, Y., Cherian, J., Khan, N. U. N., Kumari, K., Sial, M. S., Comite, U., Gavurova, B., & Popp, J. (2022). Family and academic stress and their impact on students' depression level and academic performance. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13, 869337.
  • Denovan, A., & Macaskill, A. (2017). Stress, resilience and leisure coping among university students: applying the broaden-and-build theory. Leisure Studies, 36(6), 852-865.
  • Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95, 542–575.
  • Diener, E., Lucas, R. E., & Oishi, S. (2002). Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and life satisfaction. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology (pp. 63–73). Oxford University Press.
  • Diener, M. L., & Lucas, R. E. (2004). Adults desires for childrens emotions across 48 countries: Associations with individual and national characteristics. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 35(5), 525-547.
  • Doan, T., Friedman, O., & Denison, S. (2020). Young children use probability to infer happiness and the quality of outcomes. Psychological Science, 31(2), 149-159.
  • Dwyer, T., Sallis, J. F., Blizzard, L., Lazarus, R., & Dean, K. (2001). Relation of academic performance to physical activity and fitness in children. Pediatric Exercise Science, 13(3), 225-237.
  • Fanchini, A., Jongbloed, J., & Dirani, A. (2019). Examining the well-being and creativity of schoolchildren in France. Cambridge Journal of Education, 49(4), 391-416.
  • George, D. & Mallery, M. (2010). SPSS for windows step by step: A simple guide and reference, 17.0 update (10a ed.) Pearson.
  • Gillihan, S., Samter, W., & Macgeorge, E. (2005). Academic Stress, supportive communication, and health. Communication Education, 54(4), 365-372.
  • Gonzalez-Sicilia, D., Brière, F. N., & Pagani, L. S. (2019). Prospective associations between participation in leisure-time physical activity at age 6 and academic performance at age 12. Preventive Medicine, 118, 135-141.
  • Gürbüz, B., & Henderson, K. (2013). Exploring the meanings of leisure among Turkish university students. Croatian Journal of Education: Hrvatski Časopis za Odgoj i Obrazovanje, 15(4), 927-957.
  • Hartman, C. L., Barcelona, R. J., Trauntvein, N. E., & Hall, S. L. (2020). Well-being and leisure-time physical activity psychosocial factors predict physical activity among university students. Leisure Studies, 39(1), 156-164.
  • Holder, M. D., & Coleman, B. (2008). The contribution of temperament, popularity, and physical appearance to children’s happiness. Journal of Happiness Studies, 9(2), 279-302.
  • Holder, M. D., Coleman, B., & Sehn, Z. L. (2009). The contribution of active and passive leisure to children's well-being. Journal of Health Psychology, 14(3), 378-386.
  • Holder, M. D., Coleman, B., Krupa, T., & Krupa, E. (2016). Well-being’s relation to religiosity and spirituality in children and adolescents in Zambia. Journal of Happiness Studies, 17(3), 1235-1253.
  • Horn, T. S., & Horn, J. L. (2007). Family influences on children's sport and physical activity participation, behavior, and psychosocial responses. In. G. Tenenbaum & R. C. Eklund (Ed.), Handbook of Sport Psychology, (pp. 685-711). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Huebner, E. S. (1991). Initial development of the student's life satisfaction scale. School Psychology International, 12(3), 231-240.
  • Huebner, E. S., & Alderman, G. L. (1993). Convergent and discriminant validation of a children's life satisfaction scale: Its relationship to self-and teacher-reported psychological problems and school functioning. Social Indicators Research, 30(1), 71-82.
  • Ivens, J. (2007). The development of a happiness measure for schoolchildren. Educational Psychology in Practice, 23(3), 221-239.
  • Iwasaki, Y., & Mannell, R. C. (2000). Hierarchical dimensions of leisure stress coping. Leisure Sciences, 22(3), 163-181.
  • Kara, F. M., Gürbüz, B., Kılıç, S. K., & Öncü, E. (2018). Beden eğitimi öğretmeni adaylarının serbest zaman sıkılma algısı, yaşam doyumu ve sosyal bağlılık düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Journal of Computer and Education Research, 6(12), 342-357.
  • Karasar, N. (2005). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Nobel Yayınları
  • Klapp, T., Klapp, A., & Gustafsson, J. E. (2024). Relations between students’ well-being and academic achievement: Evidence from Swedish compulsory school. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 39(1), 275-296.
  • Kumaraswamy, N. (2013). Academic stress, anxiety and depression among college students: A brief review. International Review of Social Sciences and Humanities, 5(1), 135-143.
  • Lajunen, H. R., Keski-Rahkonen, A., Pulkkinen, L., Rose, R. J., Rissanen, A., & Kaprio, J. (2009). Leisure activity patterns and their associations with overweight: a prospective study among adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 32(5), 1089-1103.
  • Larson, R. W., & Verma, S. (1999). How children and adolescents spend time across the world: work, play, and developmental opportunities. Psychological Bulletin, 125(6), 701.
  • Lee, C., Kim, S., Owens, M., Liechty, T., & Kim, J. (2019). Engaging with sports related serious leisure and acculturation among korean graduate students. Annals of Leisure Research, 22(2), 247-263.
  • Lee, C., Sung, Y. T., Zhou, Y., & Lee, S. (2018). The relationships between the seriousness of leisure activities, social support and school adaptation among Asian international students in the US. Leisure Studies, 37(2), 197-210.
  • Lee, E. Y., Yi, K. J., Walker, G. J., & Spence, J. C. (2017). Preferred leisure type, value orientations, and psychological well-being among East Asian youth. Leisure Sciences, 39(4), 355-375.
  • Leung, C., Leung, J. T., Kwok, S. Y., Hui, A., Lo, H., Tam, H. L., & Lai, S. (2021). Predictors to happiness in primary students: Positive relationships or academic achievement. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 16, 2335–2349
  • López-Pérez, B., & Fernández-Castilla, B. (2018). Children’s and adolescents’ conceptions of happiness at school and its relation with their own happiness and their academic performance. Journal of Happiness Studies, 19(6), 1811-1830.
  • Macchia, L., & Whillans, A. V. (2021). Leisure beliefs and the subjective well-being of nations. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 16(2), 198-206.
  • Malinen, S. (2015). Understanding user participation in online communities: A systematic literature review of empirical studies. Computers in Human Behavior, 46, 228-238.
  • Mansfield, L., Daykin, N., & Tess, K. (2020). Leisure and wellbeing. Leisure Studies, 39(1), 1–10.
  • McArdle, J. J., Hamagami, F., Chang, J. Y., & Hishinuma, E. S. (2014). Longitudinal dynamic analyses of depression and academic achievement in the Hawaiian high schools health survey using contemporary latent variable change models. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 21(4), 608-629.
  • McHugh, S., Snape, B., Haworth, J., & Carson, J. (2016). Everyday leisure and happiness in worktown: a comparison of 1938 and 2014. World Leisure Journal, 58(4), 276-284.
  • McMorran, C., Ragupathi, K. (2020). The promise and pitfalls of gradeless learning: responses to an alternative approach to grading. Journal of Futher and Higher Education, 44(7), 925-938.
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Mutluluk ve Eğitim Stresi İlişkisi: Rekreasyonel Katılımın Rolü

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 25, 106 - 132

Öz

Bu araştırmada, öğrencilerin mutluluk ve eğitim stresi düzeylerinin farklı bağımsız değişkenlerle karşılaştırılması ve eğitim stresinin mutluluğu yordama gücünün test edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma gurubunu, 525 ortaokul öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada, “Eğitim Stresi Ölçeği-ESÖ” ve “Okul Çocuklarının Mutluluk Envanteri-OÇME” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde MANOVA, Pearson korelasyon ve regresyon analiz yöntemleri tercih edilmiştir. ‘‘ESÖ’’ ve ‘‘OÇME’’ ortalama puanlarının, cinsiyet, rekreasyonel aktivitelere katılım tercihi ve fiziksel aktiviteye katılım durumuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olarak farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, eğitim stresi, mutluluğun anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, eğitim stresi düzeyinin artması, olumsuz öznel iyi oluşu artırırken; öğrencilerin rekreasyonel aktivitelere aktif katılımı olumlu öznel iyi oluşu, pasif katılım ise olumsuz öznel iyi oluşu artırmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Aaltonen, S., Latvala, A., Rose, R. J., Kujala, U. M., Kaprio, J., & Silventoinen, K. (2016). Leisure-time physical activity and academic performance: Cross-lagged associations from adolescence to young adulthood. Scientific Reports, 6(1), 39215. Ager, A. (2013). Annual Research Review: Resilience and child well‐being–public policy implications. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54(4), 488-500.
  • Ahamed, Y., MacDonald, H., Reed, K., Naylor, P. J., Liu-Ambrose, T., & Mckay, H. (2007). School-based physical activity does not compromise children's academic performance. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 39(2), 371-376.
  • Aloia, L. S., & McTigue, M. (2019). Buffering against sources of academic stress: the ınfluence of supportive ınformational and emotional communication on psychological well-being. Communication Research Reports, 36(2), 126-135.
  • Amato, P. R., & Keith, B. (1991). Parental divorce and adult well-being: A meta-analysis. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 53(1), 43-58.
  • Ayyash-Abdo, H., & Sánchez-Ruiz, M. J. (2012). Subjective wellbeing and its relationship with academic achievement and multilinguality among Lebanese university students. International Journal of Psychology, 47(3), 192-202.
  • Badri, M., Al Nuaimi, A., Guang, Y., Al Sheryani, Y., & Al Rashedi, A. (2018). The effects of home and school on children’s happiness: A structural equation model. International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy, 12(1), 17.
  • Bedewy, D., & Gabriel, A. (2015). Examining perceptions of academic stress and its sources among university students: The Perception of Academic Stress Scale. Health Psychology Open, 2(2), 2055102915596714.
  • Bors, D. (2018). Data analysis for the social sciences: Integrating theory and practice. Sage.
  • Briki, W. (2018). Why do exercisers with a higher trait self-control experience higher subjective well-being? The mediating effects of amount of leisure-time physical activity, perceived goal progress, and self-efficacy. Personality and Individual Differences, 125, 62-67.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Akgün, Ö. E., Demirel, F., Karadeniz, Ş., & Çakmak, E. K. (2015). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Pegem Akademi.
  • Chen, X., Cai, Z., He, J., & Fan, X. (2020). Gender differences in life satisfaction among children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. Journal of Happiness Studies, 21, 2279-2307.
  • Cohen, J. (2006). Social, emotional, ethical, and academic education: Creating a climate for learning, participation in democracy, and well-being. Harvard Educational Review, 76(2), 201-237.
  • Çelik, I., Akın, A., & Sarıçam, H. (2014). A scale adaptation study related to the examination of adolescents’ levels of educational stress. Üniversitepark Bülten, 3(1-2), 44.
  • Demirel, M. (2019). Leisure Involvement and Happiness Levels of Individuals Having Fitness Center Membership. Journal of Education and Learning, 8(6), 140-149.
  • Deng, Y., Cherian, J., Khan, N. U. N., Kumari, K., Sial, M. S., Comite, U., Gavurova, B., & Popp, J. (2022). Family and academic stress and their impact on students' depression level and academic performance. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13, 869337.
  • Denovan, A., & Macaskill, A. (2017). Stress, resilience and leisure coping among university students: applying the broaden-and-build theory. Leisure Studies, 36(6), 852-865.
  • Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95, 542–575.
  • Diener, E., Lucas, R. E., & Oishi, S. (2002). Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and life satisfaction. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology (pp. 63–73). Oxford University Press.
  • Diener, M. L., & Lucas, R. E. (2004). Adults desires for childrens emotions across 48 countries: Associations with individual and national characteristics. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 35(5), 525-547.
  • Doan, T., Friedman, O., & Denison, S. (2020). Young children use probability to infer happiness and the quality of outcomes. Psychological Science, 31(2), 149-159.
  • Dwyer, T., Sallis, J. F., Blizzard, L., Lazarus, R., & Dean, K. (2001). Relation of academic performance to physical activity and fitness in children. Pediatric Exercise Science, 13(3), 225-237.
  • Fanchini, A., Jongbloed, J., & Dirani, A. (2019). Examining the well-being and creativity of schoolchildren in France. Cambridge Journal of Education, 49(4), 391-416.
  • George, D. & Mallery, M. (2010). SPSS for windows step by step: A simple guide and reference, 17.0 update (10a ed.) Pearson.
  • Gillihan, S., Samter, W., & Macgeorge, E. (2005). Academic Stress, supportive communication, and health. Communication Education, 54(4), 365-372.
  • Gonzalez-Sicilia, D., Brière, F. N., & Pagani, L. S. (2019). Prospective associations between participation in leisure-time physical activity at age 6 and academic performance at age 12. Preventive Medicine, 118, 135-141.
  • Gürbüz, B., & Henderson, K. (2013). Exploring the meanings of leisure among Turkish university students. Croatian Journal of Education: Hrvatski Časopis za Odgoj i Obrazovanje, 15(4), 927-957.
  • Hartman, C. L., Barcelona, R. J., Trauntvein, N. E., & Hall, S. L. (2020). Well-being and leisure-time physical activity psychosocial factors predict physical activity among university students. Leisure Studies, 39(1), 156-164.
  • Holder, M. D., & Coleman, B. (2008). The contribution of temperament, popularity, and physical appearance to children’s happiness. Journal of Happiness Studies, 9(2), 279-302.
  • Holder, M. D., Coleman, B., & Sehn, Z. L. (2009). The contribution of active and passive leisure to children's well-being. Journal of Health Psychology, 14(3), 378-386.
  • Holder, M. D., Coleman, B., Krupa, T., & Krupa, E. (2016). Well-being’s relation to religiosity and spirituality in children and adolescents in Zambia. Journal of Happiness Studies, 17(3), 1235-1253.
  • Horn, T. S., & Horn, J. L. (2007). Family influences on children's sport and physical activity participation, behavior, and psychosocial responses. In. G. Tenenbaum & R. C. Eklund (Ed.), Handbook of Sport Psychology, (pp. 685-711). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Huebner, E. S. (1991). Initial development of the student's life satisfaction scale. School Psychology International, 12(3), 231-240.
  • Huebner, E. S., & Alderman, G. L. (1993). Convergent and discriminant validation of a children's life satisfaction scale: Its relationship to self-and teacher-reported psychological problems and school functioning. Social Indicators Research, 30(1), 71-82.
  • Ivens, J. (2007). The development of a happiness measure for schoolchildren. Educational Psychology in Practice, 23(3), 221-239.
  • Iwasaki, Y., & Mannell, R. C. (2000). Hierarchical dimensions of leisure stress coping. Leisure Sciences, 22(3), 163-181.
  • Kara, F. M., Gürbüz, B., Kılıç, S. K., & Öncü, E. (2018). Beden eğitimi öğretmeni adaylarının serbest zaman sıkılma algısı, yaşam doyumu ve sosyal bağlılık düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Journal of Computer and Education Research, 6(12), 342-357.
  • Karasar, N. (2005). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Nobel Yayınları
  • Klapp, T., Klapp, A., & Gustafsson, J. E. (2024). Relations between students’ well-being and academic achievement: Evidence from Swedish compulsory school. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 39(1), 275-296.
  • Kumaraswamy, N. (2013). Academic stress, anxiety and depression among college students: A brief review. International Review of Social Sciences and Humanities, 5(1), 135-143.
  • Lajunen, H. R., Keski-Rahkonen, A., Pulkkinen, L., Rose, R. J., Rissanen, A., & Kaprio, J. (2009). Leisure activity patterns and their associations with overweight: a prospective study among adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 32(5), 1089-1103.
  • Larson, R. W., & Verma, S. (1999). How children and adolescents spend time across the world: work, play, and developmental opportunities. Psychological Bulletin, 125(6), 701.
  • Lee, C., Kim, S., Owens, M., Liechty, T., & Kim, J. (2019). Engaging with sports related serious leisure and acculturation among korean graduate students. Annals of Leisure Research, 22(2), 247-263.
  • Lee, C., Sung, Y. T., Zhou, Y., & Lee, S. (2018). The relationships between the seriousness of leisure activities, social support and school adaptation among Asian international students in the US. Leisure Studies, 37(2), 197-210.
  • Lee, E. Y., Yi, K. J., Walker, G. J., & Spence, J. C. (2017). Preferred leisure type, value orientations, and psychological well-being among East Asian youth. Leisure Sciences, 39(4), 355-375.
  • Leung, C., Leung, J. T., Kwok, S. Y., Hui, A., Lo, H., Tam, H. L., & Lai, S. (2021). Predictors to happiness in primary students: Positive relationships or academic achievement. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 16, 2335–2349
  • López-Pérez, B., & Fernández-Castilla, B. (2018). Children’s and adolescents’ conceptions of happiness at school and its relation with their own happiness and their academic performance. Journal of Happiness Studies, 19(6), 1811-1830.
  • Macchia, L., & Whillans, A. V. (2021). Leisure beliefs and the subjective well-being of nations. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 16(2), 198-206.
  • Malinen, S. (2015). Understanding user participation in online communities: A systematic literature review of empirical studies. Computers in Human Behavior, 46, 228-238.
  • Mansfield, L., Daykin, N., & Tess, K. (2020). Leisure and wellbeing. Leisure Studies, 39(1), 1–10.
  • McArdle, J. J., Hamagami, F., Chang, J. Y., & Hishinuma, E. S. (2014). Longitudinal dynamic analyses of depression and academic achievement in the Hawaiian high schools health survey using contemporary latent variable change models. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 21(4), 608-629.
  • McHugh, S., Snape, B., Haworth, J., & Carson, J. (2016). Everyday leisure and happiness in worktown: a comparison of 1938 and 2014. World Leisure Journal, 58(4), 276-284.
  • McMorran, C., Ragupathi, K. (2020). The promise and pitfalls of gradeless learning: responses to an alternative approach to grading. Journal of Futher and Higher Education, 44(7), 925-938.
  • McPherson, A., Mackay, L., Kunkel, J., & Duncan, S. (2018). Physical activity, cognition and academic performance: An analysis of mediating and confounding relationships in primary school children. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 936.
  • Mommaas, H. (1997). European leisure studies at the crossroads? A history of leisure research in Europe. Leisure Sciences, 19(4), 241-254.
  • OECD. (2017). PISA 2015 results (Volume III). Paris, France.
  • Pascoe, M. C., Hetrick, S. E., & Parker, A. G. (2020). The impact of stress on students in secondary school and higher education. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 25(1), 104-112.
  • Poots, A., & Cassidy, T. (2020). Academic expectation, self-compassion, psychological capital, social support and student wellbeing. International Journal of Educational Research, 99, 101506.
  • Proctor, C. (2024). Subjective well-being (SWB). In A. C. Michalos (Ed.), Encyclopedia of quality of life and well-being research (pp. 6952-6956). Springer.
  • Reed, J. A., Einstein, G., Hahn, E., Hooker, S. P., Gross, V. P., & Kravitz, J. (2010). Examining the impact of integrating physical activity on fluid intelligence and academic performance in an elementary school setting: A preliminary investigation. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 7(3), 343-351.
  • Singh, G., Sharma, S., Sharma, V., & Zaidi, S. Z. H. (2023). Academic stress and emotional adjustment: A gender-based post-COVID study. Annals of Neurosciences, 30(2), 100-108.
  • Sönmez, A., & Gürbüz, B. (2022). Üniversite öğrencilerinde serbest zaman doyumu ile üniversite yaşamına uyum ilişkisinin incelenmesi. Journal of Computer and Education Research, 10(20), 481-502.
  • Stodolska, M. (2015). Recreation for all: Providing leisure and recreation services in multi-ethnic communities. World Leisure Journal, 57, 89-103.
  • Sun, J., Dunne, M. P., Hou, X. Y., & Xu, A. Q. (2013). Educational stress among Chinese adolescents: Individual, family, school and peer influences. Educational Review, 65(3), 284-302.
  • Sun, J., Dunne, P. M., Hou, X., & Xu, X. (2011). Educational stress scale for adolescents: development, validity, and reliability with Chinese students. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 26(2), 534-546.
  • Telef, B. B. (2014). School children's happiness inventory: The validity and reliability study. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 6(1), 130-143.
  • Torkildsen, G. (2005). Leisure and recreation management (5th Edition). Routledge.
  • TÜİK (2023). İstatistiklerle çocuk. [Çevrim-içi: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Turkiye-Cocuk-Arastirmasi-2022-49744], Erişim Tarihi: 16/12/2023.
  • UNICEF Office of Research. (2013). Child well-being in rich countries: A comparative overview, Innocenti Report Card 11. Florence: UNICEF Office of Research-Innocenti.
  • Uusitalo-Malmivaara, L., & Lehto, J. E. (2013). Social factors explaining children’s subjective happiness and depressive symptoms. Social Indicators Research, 111(2), 603-615.
  • van Woudenberg, T. J., Bevelander, K. E., Burk, W. J., & Buijzen, M. (2020). The reciprocal effects of physical activity and happiness in adolescents. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 17, 1-10.
  • Veenhoven, R. (1991). Is happiness relative?. Social Indicators Research, 24(1), 1-34.
  • Williams, M., Wiggins, R., Vogt, W. P., & Vogt, P. R. (2022). Beginning quantitative research. Sage.
  • Willis, A., Hyde, M., & Black, A. (2019). Juggling with both hands tied behind my back: Teachers’ views and experiences of the tensions between student well-being concerns and academic performance improvement agendas. American Educational Research Journal, 56(6), 2644-2673.
  • Wuthrich, V. M., Jagiello, T., & Azzi, V. (2020). Academic stress in the final years of school: A systematic literature review. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 51(6), 986-1015.
  • Zhang, Z., Chen, B., & Chen, W. (2021). The mediating effect of perceived health on the relationship between physical activity and subjective well-being in Chinese college students. Journal of American College Health, 69(1), 9-16.
Toplam 75 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Beden Eğitimi ve Eğitim Programlarının Geliştirilmesi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Cemal Yalçın 0000-0002-8635-2159

Erdoğan Ekinci 0000-0002-6816-9393

Bülent Gürbüz 0000-0003-2424-2111

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 26 Şubat 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 19 Eylül 2024
Kabul Tarihi 7 Ocak 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 25

Kaynak Göster

APA Yalçın, C., Ekinci, E., & Gürbüz, B. (2025). Mutluluk ve Eğitim Stresi İlişkisi: Rekreasyonel Katılımın Rolü. Journal of Computer and Education Research, 13(25), 106-132.

Creative Commons Lisansı


Bu eser Creative Commons Atıf 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.


Değerli Yazarlar,

JCER dergisi 2018 yılından itibaren yayımlanacak sayılarda yazarlarından ORCID bilgilerini isteyecektir. Bu konuda hassasiyet göstermeniz önemle rica olunur.

Önemli: "Yazar adından yapılan yayın/atıf taramalarında isim benzerlikleri, soyadı değişikliği, Türkçe harf içeren isimler, farklı yazımlar, kurum değişiklikleri gibi durumlar sorun oluşturabilmektedir. Bu nedenle araştırmacıların tanımlayıcı kimlik/numara (ID) edinmeleri önem taşımaktadır. ULAKBİM TR Dizin sistemlerinde tanımlayıcı ID bilgilerine yer verilecektir.

Standardizasyonun sağlanabilmesi ve YÖK ile birlikte yürütülecek ortak çalışmalarda ORCID kullanılacağı için, TR Dizin’de yer alan veya yer almak üzere başvuran dergilerin, yazarlardan ORCID bilgilerini talep etmeleri ve dergide/makalelerde bu bilgiye yer vermeleri tavsiye edilmektedir. ORCID, Open Researcher ve Contributor ID'nin kısaltmasıdır.  ORCID, Uluslararası Standart Ad Tanımlayıcı (ISNI) olarak da bilinen ISO Standardı (ISO 27729) ile uyumlu 16 haneli bir numaralı bir URI'dir. http://orcid.org adresinden bireysel ORCID için ücretsiz kayıt oluşturabilirsiniz. "