Erken ve Geç Başlangıçlı Preeklampside Risk Faktörleri ve Neonatal Sonuçların Karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2020, Cilt 20, Sayı 3, 100 - 106, 29.12.2020

Özgül BULUT Meryem HOCAOĞLU Nurgül BULUT Selin DEMİRER Abdulkadir TURGUT Fahri OVALI

Öz

Amaç: Erken başlangıçlı ve geç başlangıçlı preeklampside maternal risk faktörleri ve erken dönem neonatal sonuçların karşılaştırılması. Gereç ve Yöntem: Hastanemizde preeklampsi tanısı almış hastalar retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Hastalar erken başlangıçlı preeklampsi (≤34 hafta) ve geç başlangıçlı preeklampsi (>34 hafta) olmak üzere 2 gruba ayrıldı. İki grup arasında demografik data, maternal risk faktörleri ve neonatal sonuçları karşılaştırmak için istatistiksel analiz yapıldı. Bulgular: Preeklampsi tanısı alan 92 hastanın, 45 (%49)’i erken başlangıçlı preeklampsi ve 47 (%51)’si geç başlangıçlı preeklampsi idi. Erken başlangıçlı preeklampsi grubunda, sezaryen doğum ve intrauterin büyüme kısıtlılığı (İUBK) oranları anlamlı şekilde daha yüksek bulundu (p=0.01, p=0.025). Lojistik regresyon analizinde, gebelikte yüksek vücut kitle indeksinin geç başlangıçlı preeklampsi için bağımsız bir risk faktörü olduğu saptandı (p=0.012). Erken başlangıçlı preeklampsi grubunda, neonatal morbidite ve yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesine (YDYBÜ) yatış oranları anlamlı şekilde daha yüksek bulundu (p<0.05, p=0.005, sırasıyla). Bunun yanında, lojistik regresyon analizinde erken başlangıçlı preeklampsinin, İUBK (OR 2.96; 95% CL: 1.12–7.81), SGA (OR 2.5; 95% CL: 1.05–5.95), respiratuar distres sendromu (OR 15.34; 95% CL: 3.06–76.99), patent duktus arteriosus (OR 11.43; 95% CL: 1.36–96.16) ve YDYBÜ’ne yatış (OR 2.48; 95% CL: 1.06–5.77) riskini anlamlı şekilde artırdığı saptandı. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, erken başlangıçlı preeklampsi, olumsuz neonatal sonuçlar için önemli bir risk faktörü olarak bulunurken, gebelikte yüksek vücut kitle indeksi geç başlangıçlı preeklampsi ile ilişkili bulundu.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Erken başlangıç, geç başlangıç, preeklampsi, risk faktörleri, neonatal sonuçlar

Comparison of Risk Factors and Neonatal Outcomes in Early-Onset and Late-Onset Preeclampsia

Öz

Objective: To compare the maternal risk factors and early neonatal outcomes in early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia. Material and Methods: In our hospital, patients diagnosed with preeclampsia were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups as early onset preeclampsia (≤34 weeks) and late onset preeclampsia (>34 weeks). Statistical analyses were used to compare demographic data, maternal risk factors and neonatal outcomes between the two groups. Results: Out of 92 patients, 45 (49%) were in the early onset preeclampsia and 47 (51%) were in the late onset preeclampsia groups. Cesarean delivery and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) rates were significantly higher in the early onset preeclampsia group (p=0.01, p=0.025). High body mass index was an independent risk factor for late onset preeclampsia in the logistic regression analysis (p=0.012). Neonatal morbidities and hospitalization rates in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were significantly higher in the early onset preeclampsia group (p<0.05, p=0.005, respectively). In addition, in the logistic regression analysis, it was found that early onset preeclampsia significantly increased the risks of IUGR (OR 2.96; 95% CL: 1.12–7.81), being small for gestational age (OR 2.5; 95% CL: 1.05–5.95), respiratory distress syndrome (OR 15.35; 95% CL: 3.06–76.99), patent ductus arteriosus (OR 11.43; 95% CL: 1.36–96.16) and hospitalization in the NICU (OR 2.48; 95% CL: 1.06–5.77). Conclusion: Early-onset preeclampsia was found to be an important risk factor for adverse neonatal outcomes while high body mass index during pregnancy was associated with late-onset preeclampsia.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Early-onset, late-onset, preeclampsia, risk factors, outcomes

Kaynakça

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