Obez Çocuklarda Uyku Alışkanlıklarının İncelenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, obez çocuklar ile sağlıklı çocuklar arasındaki uyku alışkanlıklarının ne ölçüde farklılık gösterdiğini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya, kliniğimizde takip edilen 8-17 yaş arası 236 obez çocuk ve ergen ile çeşitli nedenlerle çocuk sağlığı ve hastalıkları polikliniklerine başvuran 114 çocuk ve ergen katılmıştır. Çalışmadaki tüm katılımcılara, yüz yüze görüşmelerle çocuklarda uyku alışkanlıkları değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirme, yatma saatleri, uyku davranışları, gece uyanma durumları, sabah kalkma zamanları ve gündüz uykululuğu ile ilgili 33 soruyu içermektedir. Bulgular: Hasta ve kontrol grupları arasında yaş ve cinsiyet özellikleri açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Obez çocukların uyku süresi ortalama 6.44±1.3 saatken, kontrol grubunda bu süre 6.31±1.29 saat olarak belirlenmiştir (P=0.426). Hasta ve kontrol grupları arasında uyku alışkanlıklarını değerlendiren bileşenlerde istatistiksel bir fark gözlemlenmemiştir. Obez hasta grubunda, kızlar ve erkekler arasında uyku süresi açısından istatistiksel bir fark bulunmamıştır; sırasıyla 6.41±1.41 ve 6.5±1.07 saat (P=0.603). Sonuç: Bulgularımız, obez çocuklar ile sağlıklı çocuklar arasında uyku alışkanlıkları açısından önemli farklılıklar olmadığını göstermektedir. Ancak literatürde, yaş, ergenlik durumu, uyku ve yeme davranışlarının zamanlaması ve uyku süresi (veya kısıtlaması) gibi farklı parametrelerin uyku ile obezite arasındaki ilişkiyi etkileyebileceğine dair bazı çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle, çocuklar ile yapılan uzun dönemli ve deneysel çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır; böylece çocuklar arasındaki uyku ve obezite ilişkilerinin doğası belirlenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Uyku süresi
• çocukluk çağı
• obezite
• ergenlik

An Investigation into Sleep Habits in Obese Children

Öz

Aim: This study aims to reveal the extent to which sleep habits differ between obese children and healthy children. Materıal And Method: In this study, 236 obese children and adolescents, aged 8-17, who we were followed up in our clinic, and 114 children and adolescents who applied to the child health and diseases outpatient clinic for various reasons participated. All participants in the present study underwent an assessment of sleep habits in children using face-to-face interviews. The evaluation included 33 questions regarding bedtimes, sleep behavior, instances of waking up during the night, getting up in the morning, and daytime sleepiness. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in age and gender characteristics between the patient and control groups. The sleep duration for obese children was 6.44±1.3 hours, compared to 6.31±1.29 hours in the control group (P=0.426). No statistical difference was observed in the components assessing sleep habits between the patient and control groups. Regarding the evaluation, only the obese patient group, no statistical difference was found between the sleep duration of girls and boys, respectively; 6.41±1.41, 6.5±1.07) (P=0.603). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that there are no significant differences in sleep habits between obese children and healthy children. However, in the literature, some studies reported that different parameters, such as age, pubertal status, timing of sleep and eating behaviors, and sleep duration (or restriction), can affect the relationship between sleep and obesity. Therefore, longitudinal and experimental studies with children are needed to determine the nature of the relationships between sleep and obesity in children.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sleep duration
• childhood
• obesity
• adolescents

Kaynakça

1. 1-Gungor N.K. Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2014; 6(3): 129-43.
2. 2- Kursawe R, Santoro N. Metabolic syndrome in pediatrics. Adv Clin Chem. 2014; 65: 91-142.
3. 3- Orio F, Tafuri D, Ascione A. et al. Lifestyle changes in the management of adulthood and childhood obesity. Minerva Endocrinol. 2016;41(4):509-15.
4. 4- Miller A.L, Lumeng J.C, LeBourgeois M.K. Sleep patterns and obesity in childhood. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2015; 22(1): 41-7.
5. 5- Carrillo-Larco R.M, Bernabe-Ortiz A, Miranda J.J. Short sleep duration and childhood obesity: cross-sectional analysis in Peru and patterns in four developing countries. PLoS One. 2014;. 9(11): e112433.
6. 6- Fiş N.P, Arman A, Ay P et al. Çocuk Uyku Alışkanlıkları Anketinin Türkçe geçerliliği ve güvenilirliği. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2010; 11(2): 151. 7-Abdullah Bereket, Zeynep Atay. Current Status of Childhood Obesity and its Associated Morbidities in Turkey J Clin Res Pediatr En docrinol. 2012;4(1):1-7.
7. 8-Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kit BK, Flegal KM. Prevalence of childhood and adult obesity in the United States. JAMA. 2014; 311:806–814.
8. 9-Scott B, Johnson R.F, R.B. Mitchell Md. Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Differences between Normal-Weight, Overweight, Obese, and Morbidly Obese Children. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016;154(5):936-43.

9. 10- Paruthi S, Brooks L. J, D’Ambrosio C et al. Consensus statement of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine on the recommended amount of sleep for healthy children: Methodology and discussion. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine 2016; 12(11): 1549–1561.
10. 11-Pileggi C, Lotito F, Bianco A, Carmelo G. A. Nobile, Pavia M. Relationship between Chronic Short Sleep Duration and Childhood Body Mass Index: A School-Based Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS One. 2013 Jun 21;8(6).
11. 12-Sekine M, Yamagami T, Handa K. et al. A dose–response relationship between short sleeping hours and childhood obesity: results of the Toyama Birth Cohort Study. Child Care Health Dev. 2002; 28(2):163-70.
12. 13-R. Bolijn R, J. S, Gubbels J.S, Sleddens E.F.C, Kremers S.P.J, Thijs C. Daytime sleep duration and the development of childhood overweight: the KOALA Birth Cohort Study. Pediatr Obes. 2016;11(5):e1-5.
13. 14-Marshall NS, Glozier N, Grunstein RR. Is sleep duration related to obesity? A critical review of the epidemiologica evidence. Sleep Med Rev 2008; 12: 289–298.
14. 15- El-Sheikh M, Bagley EJ, Keiley MK, Erath SA. Growth in body mass index from childhood into adolescence: the role of sleep duration and quality. J Early Adolesc 2014; 134: 145–1166.
15. 16-Martinez S.M, Greenspan L.C, Butte N.F. et al. Mother-reported sleep, accelerometer-estimated sleep and weight status in Mexican American children: sleep duration is associated with increased adiposity and risk for overweight/obese status. J Sleep Res, 2014;23(3): 326-34.
16. 17-Golley R.K. Maher C. A Matricciani L, Olds T.S. Sleep duration or bedtime? Exploring the association between sleep timing behaviour, diet and BMI in children and adolescents. Int J Obes (Lond). 2013; 37(4): p. 546-51. 18- Jarrin D.C, McGrath J.J, Drake C.L. Beyond sleep duration: distinct sleep dimensions are associated with obesity in children and adolescents. Int J Obes (Lond), 2013. 37(4): 552-8.
17. 19-Mitchell JA, Rodriguez D, Schmitz KH, Audrain-McGovern J. Sleep duration and adolescent obesity. Pediatrics. 2013; 131:e1428–e1434.
18. 20-Patel SR, Hu FB. Short sleep duration and weight gain: a systematic review. Obesity. 2008; 16: 643–653.
19. 21- Eliacik K, Bolat N, Koçyiğit C, et al. Internet addiction, sleep and health-related life quality among obese individuals: a comparison study of the growing problems in adolescent health. Eat Weight Disor 2016; 21(4):709-717.
20. 22- Kjeldsen J, Hjorth MF, Andersen R, et al. Short sleep duration and large variability in sleep duration are independently associated with dietary risk factors for obesity in Danish school children. Int J Obes. 2014; 38: 32–39.
21. 23-Chaput JP, Brunet M, Tremblay A. Relationship between short sleeping hours and childhood overweight/obesity: results from the ‘Quebec en Forme’ Project. Int J Obes. 2006;30: 1080–1085.
22. 24-Sadeh A. Evaluating night wakings in sleep-disturbed infants: a methodological study of parental reports and actigraphy. Sleep 1996; 19: 757–762.