Sosyal Sermaye ve İnovasyonun Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerindeki Etkisi

Yıl 2018, Sayı: 58, 105 - 126, 07.12.2018

Tuba Akar , Ahmet Ay

Öz

Ülkelerin ekonomik büyümeleri arasında görülen farklılıkların nedenleri ve sürdürülebilir ekonomik büyümenin kaynakları ekonomik büyüme modellerinin temel ilgi alanıdır. Geleneksel büyüme modelleri ülkeler arasındaki büyüme farklılıklarını genellikle geleneksel üretim faktörleri ile açıklamaktadır. Ancak modern büyüme teorileriyle birlikte büyüme farklılıklarının sadece ekonomik göstergeler ile açıklanamayacağı keşfedilmiş, bunlarla birlikte sosyal, kültürel, kurumsal, politik, teknolojik faktörlerinde önemli olduğu görüşü ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu faktörlerden biri de sosyal sermayedir. Sosyal ilişkilerin önemine vurgu yapan ve güven, sosyal ağlar, sosyal normlar gibi unsurları barındıran bu kavram son dönem büyüme modellerinde yer edinmeye başlamıştır. Özellikle inovasyon temelli ekonomik büyümede sosyal sermayenin rolü öne çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı sosyal sermaye ve inovasyon ilişkisinden yola çıkarak sosyal sermayenin ve inovasyonun ekonomik büyüme üzerine nasıl bir role sahip olduğunu ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda seçilmiş 52 ülke için 1990-2014 yılları arasında sosyal sermaye ve inovasyonun ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi sabit etkiler panel veri analizi ile araştırılmıştır. İkinci aşamada gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler ayrımı yapılarak, değişkenler arası ilişkiler test edilmiştir. 52 ülke açısından sosyal sermayenin ve inovasyonun ekonomik büyüme üzerinde pozitif bir etkisi tespit edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçları sosyal sermaye ve inovasyon ilişkisinin pozitif olduğunu da göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sosyal sermaye, inovasyon, ekonomik büyüme, panel veri analizi

The Effect of Social Capital and Innovation on Economic Growth

Öz

The reasons for the differences between countries’ economic growths and the sources of sustainable economic growth are the basis of interest of economic growth models. Traditional economic growth models often explain the differences between countries based on traditional production factors. However, with modern growth theories, it has been discovered that the differences in growth cannot be explained by economic indicators only: Social, cultural, institutional, political and technological factors should also be considered. One of the social factors is the social capital. The modern growth models have considered the concept of social capital, which emphasizes the importance of social relations including elements such as trust, social networks and social norms. The role of social capital in economic growth based on innovation is prominent. 

The aim of this study is to show how social capital and innovation play a role in economic growth based on the relationship between social capital and innovation. For this purpose, data from 52 countries, between 1990 and 2014 were analyzed using fixed-effect panel. In the second phase, an analysis was conducted for developed and developing countries. A positive effect of social capital and innovation on economic growth was observed in 52 countries. In addition, a positive relationship was found between social capital and innovation in the analysis of country groups.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Social capital, innovation, economic growth, panel data analysis

Kaynakça

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