The Opinions of Male Pre-school Teacher Candidates on their Occupational Preferences: An Analysis in the Context of Gender

Yıl 2018, Sayı: 13, 33 - 48, 25.01.2018

Özlem Haskan Avcı Tolga Zencir Alper Karababa Faruk Bozdağ Seray Betül Öztürk

Öz

This study aims to examine the views of male pre-school teacher candidates
about the conditions influencing their occupational preferences in depth. For
the purpose, a questionnaire including demographic information and open-ended
questions was implemented to 112 male students in the pre-school education
department in the 2015-2016 academic year in Turkey. Open-ended questions were
asked regarding the causes of choosing the department, the difficulties those
encountered in the department selection process and their support, career plans
for the future and opinions about the proposals to candidatesdesiring to prefer
the deparment. As a result of the qualitative analysis of the reasons for the
participants’s pereference for the profession, the themes of the research shows
that “the bussiness oppurtunities which the profession provides” (n=57,
%=34.13), “being interesting in working with the children” (n=51, %=30.54), “being
interested in the teaching” (n=21, %=12.57), “prefer the suitable profession in
line with the University Entrance Exam score” (n=20, %=11.98), “the guidance of
the family and teacher” (n=11, %=6.59), and “uninformed preference” (n=7,
%=4.19). And also, it was revealed that the participants were those who
supported them (n=61=, %=41.50), obstructed persons (n=60, %=40.82) and those
who did not have an influence (n=26, %=17.68) when they preferred the
profession. In the analysis of the participants' career plans, the themes were
determined as being a teacher in the state institution (n=62, %=37.35), in the
private sector (n=5, %=3), being a school director (n=38, %=22.90), establish a
private pre-school education institution  (n=28, %=16.87), having an academic career
(n=28, %=16.87) and having no certain goals (n=5, %=3). In the qualitative
analysis of the participants’ suggestions to candidates preferring the pre-school
education, the themes, such as those who suggest choosing in terms of the
interest and the ability (n=74, %=47.74), those who suggest being considered
independently of gender (n=62, %=40), those who do not suggest the department
for men (n=15, %=9.68), and those who are irresolute (n=4, %=2.58), have been
found out. The results have been discussed together with the findings of the
similar studies in terms of the gender and the beneficial suggestions for the
literature have been made.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pre-school education, early childhood, male pre-school teacher candidates, gender, male gender roles, career choice

Kaynakça

• Anliak, S., & Şahin Beyazkurk, D. (2008). Career perspectives of male students in early childhood education. Educational Studies, 34(4), 309-317.
• Bayar, Ö. Haskan Avcı, Ö. & Koç, M. (2018). Erkek Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolü Stresi Ölçeği’nin (ETCRSÖ) geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik calismasi-Development of the Masculine Gender Role Stress Scale. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. DOI: 10.17240/aibuefd.2018..-371876 Retrieved from: http://efdergi.ibu.edu.tr/index.php/efdergi/article/view/1890
• Benokraitis, N. V., & Feagin, J. R. (1995). Modern sexism: Blatant, subtle, and covert discrimination. Englewood Clifss, NJ: Prentice Hall.
• Berk, S. K. (2013). Toplumsal cinsiyet ve profesyonelleşme: hukuk mesleğinde kadın örneği- Gender and professionalization: The example of women in the legal profession. Sosyoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi, 16 (1), 75-103.
• Bureau of Labor Statistics (2011). Some occupations becoming more gender neutral. Occupational Outlook Quarterly, 48(4). Retrieved from: http://www.bls.gov/opub/ooq/2004/winter/oochart.pdf
• Cruickshank, V. (2012). Why men choose to be come primary teachers? Australian Association for Research in Education Annual Conference, Sydney. Retrieved from: http://www.aare.edu.au/publications-database.php/6456/why-men-choose- to-become primary-teachers
• Eisler, R.M., Skidmore, J.R., & Ward, C.H. (1988). Masculine gender-role stress: Predictor of anger, anxiety, and health-risk behaviors. J Pers Asses, 52(1):133-41. DOI: 10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_12
• Ersöz, A. G. (1997). Cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin beklenti, tutum, davranışlar ve eşler arası sorumluluk paylaşımı (kamu'da çalışan yönetici kadınlar örneği). (Unpublished PhD dissertation), Hacettepe University, Ankara.
• Europan Trade Union Committee for Education (2012). ETUCE School Leadership Survey: School Leadership in Europe: issues, challenges and opportunities. Retrieved from: https://www.csee-etuce.org/en/documents/publications/143-etuce-school-leadership-survey-report-2012
• Kahraman, A.B., Ozansoy Tunçdemir, N., & Özcan, A. (2015). Toplumsal cinsiyet bağlamında hemşirelik bölümünde öğrenim gören erkek öğrencilerin mesleğe yönelik algıları- Profession perseption of male students who study Nursery in context of social gender. Sosyoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi, 18(2), 108-144.
• Kandiyoti, D. (1982). Urban change and women’s roles in Turkey: An overview and evaluation. In, Ç. Kağıtçıbaşı (Ed.), Sex roles, family and community in Turkey. (pp.101-120). Indiana: Indiana University Turkish Studies.
• Kaya, N., Turan, N. & Öztürk, A. (2011). Türkiye’de erkek hemşire imgesi- Men nurse image in Turkey. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(1), 16-30.
• Kmec, J. A. (2008). The process of sex segregation in a gender typed field: The case of male nurses. Sociological Perspectives, 51(2), 259-279.
• Küçükkalay, A. M. (1998). Türkiye’de planlı dönemde kadın nüfusu ve kadın işgücü istihdamındaki gelişmeler. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 3, 35–44.
• Lease, S. H. (2003). Testing a model of men’s nontraditional occupational choices. The Career Development Quarterly, 51 (3), 244-258.
• Menkel-Meadow, C. (2005). Portiaredux: Anotherlook at gender, feminism, and legal ethics. In, S. D. Carle (Ed.), Lawyers’ ethics and the pursuit of social justice, a critical reader (pp. 274-281). Washington, D.C.: Beard Books.
• Morris, C.G. (2002). Understanding Psychology. (H. B. Ayvaşık & M. Sayıl, trans.) Ankara: Türk Psikologlar Derneği.
• Niles, S. & Harris-Bowlsbey, J. (2013). 21. Yüzyılda kariyer gelişimi müdahaleleri. Korkut Owen, F. (Ed.). Ankara: Nobel.
• Oberhuemer, P., Schreyer, I., & Neuman, M. J. (2010). Professionals in early childhood education and care systems: European profiles and perspectives. Opladen and Farmington Hills: Barbara Budrich Publishers.
• Ökten, Ş. (2009). Toplumsal cinsiyet ve iktidar: Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nin toplumsal cinsiyet düzeni- Gender and power: The system of gender in southeastern Anatolia. Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 2 (8), 302-312.
• Sak, R., Kızılkaya, G., Yılmaz, Y., & Dereli, M. (2015). Çocukların bakış açısıyla erkek ve kadın okul öncesi öğretmenleri- Children’s perspective: Male and female preschool teachers. Sakarya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 29, 142-162.
• Schultz, U. (2003). Introduction: Women in theworld’s legal professions: Overviewandsynthesis. In, U. Schultz & G. ShawGisela (Ed.), Women in the world’s legal professions (s. 25-61). Oxford and Portland, Oregon: Hart Publishing.
• Sears, D.O., Taylor, S.E., & Peplau, L.A. (2016). Social Psychology. (A. Dönmez, trans.) Ankara: İmge.
• Smith, J. (2004). Male primary teachers: Disadvantaged or advantaged? Australian Association for Research in Education Conference, Melbourne. Retrieved from: http://www.aare.edu.au/publications-database.php/4487/Male-primary-teachers: Disadvantaged-or-advantaged
• T.C. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı, İstatistik ve Bilgi Sistemleri Dairesi. (2015). 2015-2016 Milli eğitim istatistikleri: Örgün eğitim. Retrieved from: http://sgb.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2016_03/18024009_meb_istatistikleri_orgun_egitim_2015_2016.pdf
• Terzioğlu, F., & Taşkın, L. (2008). Kadının toplumsal rolünün liderlik davranışlarına ve hemşirelik mesleğine yansımaları- Reflections of social gender role on female leadership behavior and nursing profession. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 2 (12), 62–67.
• Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2013). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. İstanbul: Seçkin.
• Zeybekoğlu, Ö. (2013). Toplumsal cinsiyet bağlamında erkeklik olgusu. Ankara: Eğiten Kitap.