Scientists’ Technology Acceptance of Crowdfunding in Turkey: The Moderating Effect of Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation

Öz

Purpose: The purpose of the empirical study is to test the technology acceptance model constructs in the context of science crowdfunding with the moderating effect of Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation. Methodology: The study tested the relationships between technology acceptance model constructs with the moderating effect of Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation with path analysis. 152 valid responses were gathered from an online survey conducted between September 2019- February 2020 and the data was analysed with Smart PLS 3.0 software. Findings: The results show that the performance expectancy has a positive effect on the behavioural intention to use science crowdfunding. Moreover, social influence has the strongest effect on the behavioural intention. Regarding the interaction effects, when the academics possess more innovativeness, risk-taking and proactiveness thus individual entrepreneurial orientation exists, the effect of social influence on the behavioral intention is much stronger Practical Implications: The overall structural model suggests that in a limited research funding environment, when academics are exposed to science crowdfunding options in a positive and systematic manner, they might be open for starting crowdfunding research projects in this medium because of the social influence. If the academics possess an entrepreneurial profile, they will engage more in the science crowdfunding efforts, which may be effective in the project funding success. Originality: Although entrepreneurial orientation has been used to explain technology acceptance behaviour and technology acceptance model has been used to understand crowdfunding behaviour, this study is the first initiative to measure how individual entrepreneurial orientation of academics will shape their technology acceptance behaviour in science crowdfunding which is critical for entrepreneurial academics to access alternative funds in order to eliminate financial constraints for their innovative and entrepreneurial endeavours.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Academic Entrepreneurship
• Crowdfunding
• Technology Acceptance Model
• Digital Transformation
• Resource Dependency

Türkiye’de Kitle Fonlamasının Bilim İnsanları Tarafından Teknoloji Kabulü: Bireysel Girişimcilik Eğiliminin Düzenleyici Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu ampirik çalışmanın amacı, Bireysel Girişimcilik Eğiliminin düzenleyici etkisi ile bilim kitle fonlaması bağlamında teknoloji kabul modeli yapılarını test etmektir. Yöntem: Çalışma, yol analizi ile Bireysel Girişimcilik Eğiliminin düzenleyici etkisi ile teknoloji kabul modeli yapıları arasındaki ilişkileri test etmiştir. Eylül 2019-Şubat 2020 arasında gerçekleştirilen çevrimiçi bir anketten 152 geçerli yanıt toplanmış ve veriler Smart PLS 3.0 yazılımı ile analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Sonuçlar, performans beklentisinin, bilim kitle fonlamasını kullanma davranışsal niyeti üzerinde olumlu bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Dahası, sosyal etki davranışsal niyet üzerinde en güçlü etkiye sahiptir. Düzenleyici değişkenlerin etkileri ile ilgili olarak, akademisyenler daha fazla yenilikçiliğe, risk almaya ve proaktiviteye sahip olduklarında ve dolayısıyla bireysel girişimci yönelimi olduğunda, sosyal etkinin davranışsal niyet üzerindeki etkisi çok daha güçlüdür. Sonuç ve Öneriler: Genel yapısal model, sınırlı bir araştırma fonu ortamında, akademisyenler pozitif ve sistematik bir şekilde bilim kitle fonlaması seçeneklerine maruz kaldıklarında, sosyal etkinin bir sonucu olarak bu ortamda kitle fonlaması araştırma projeleri başlatmaya açık olabileceklerini göstermektedir. Akademisyenler girişimci bir profile sahipse, proje finansmanı başarısında etkili olabilecek bilim kitle fonlaması çabalarına daha fazla katılırlar. Özgün Değer: Daha önceki çalışmalarda her ne kadar teknoloji kabul davranışını açıklamak için girişimcilik eğilimi kullanılmış ve kitle fonlaması davranışını anlamak için teknoloji kabul modeli kullanılmış olsa da, bu çalışma akademisyenlerin bireysel girişimcilik eğilimlerinin bilim kitle fonlamasında teknoloji kabul davranışlarını nasıl şekillendireceğini ölçen için ilk çalışmadır. Çalışma, girişimci akademisyenlerin yenilikçi ve girişimci çabalarında finansal kısıtlamaları ortadan kaldırmaya yönelik olarak, alternatif fonlara erişmeleri için kritik öneme sahiptir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Teknoloji Kabulü
• Kitle Fonlaması
• Akademik Girişimcilik
• Dijital Dönüşüm
• Kaynak Bağımlılığı.

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