ORTALAMA HIZ UYGULAMALARINDA YASAL KONULAR: HIZ İHLALİ ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA VE ANALİZ

Yıl 2017, , 495 - 506, 07.11.2017

Arzu Ilgaz , Mehmet Saltan

https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.315850

Cited By: 2

Öz

Ortalama hız uygulaması, hız kontrolü ve trafik yaptırımı amacıyla
motorlu araçların ortalama hızlarını ölçen ve hız sınırlarını aşan araçlara
ceza kesilebilmesini sağlayan bir trafik emniyeti tedbiridir. Bu sistem, dünya
çapında son derece yüksek seviyede motorize olmuş ülkelerde popülerliği artan
yeni ve gelişmiş bir teknolojik yaklaşımdır. Bu makalede, ortalama hız tespit
sistemi kurulurken ve uygulanırken göz önüne alınması gereken çok sayıda yasal
düzenlemeleri içeren konuların özeti sunulmakla beraber, bir üniversite
kampüsündeki düşük hız limitli güzergâhlar üzerine kurulan ortalama hız tespit
sisteminin hız ihlali yapan ve yapmayan sürücüler üzerindeki olumlu etkileri
değerlendirilmiştir. Kampüs sınırları içerisinde 20, 30 ve 50 km/s olmak üzere
farklı hız limitlerine sahip güzergâhlarda önce gizli (1. Evre), sonra herhangi
bir cezai yaptırım olmaksızın sadece uyarı ve duyurular ile (2. Evre) mobil
olarak uygulanan böylesi uygulama sistemiyle, sürücülerin hız sınırlarına
uyumunda artış, hız yapma ve aşırı hız yapma davranışında da azalma olmuştur.
Hız yapma sınırları belirlenirken ülkemizde uygulanan ceza oranları göz önüne
alınmıştır. Araç sürücülerini hız limitlerine uyum sağlamak yolunda teşvik
edebileceğini göstermesi bakımından bu çalışma önem arz etmektedir. Hız sınırlarına daha yüksek bir uyum
sağlanabilmesi için ihlallerinin takibinde bir cezai yaptırım sağlanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ortalama hız tespit sistemi, Yasal düzenleme, İhlal, Ceza, Hız davranışı

LEGAL ISSUES IN AVERAGE SPEED ENFORCEMENT: AN APPLICATION AND ANALYSIS ON SPEED VIOLATION

Öz

Average
speed enforcement is a traffic safety measure that measures the average speeds
of vehicles thus enabling to fine those who speed in order to enforce speed control
and traffic measures. This system is a new and developed technological approach
with increasing popularity in highly motorized countries all over the world. In
this study, a summary of the many issues related with the legal regulations
that need to be taken into consideration when setting up and applying Average
Speed Enforcement System has been presented in addition to an evaluation of the
positive effects of average speed enforcement set up at a university campus on
low speed limit sections on drivers who violate and do not violate the speed
limits. An increase in the obeying of drivers to speed limits in addition to a
decrease in the speeding behavior were observed as a result of a system that
was applied first as secret (1^st stage) and next as mobile with no
enforcement sanctions but only with warnings and announcements (2^nd
Stage) within the campus borders at sections with different speed limits of 20,
30 and 50 km/h. The fine levels applied in our country were taken into
consideration while determining the speeding limits. This study is important
for showing that it can encourage drivers to obey the speed limits. An
enforcement sanction may be put into effect following the violations in order
to increase the ratio of obeying speed limits. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Average speed enforcement, , Legal regulations, Violation, Fines, Speeding behavior

Kaynakça

• Australian Transport Council, 2011. National Road Safety Strategy 2011–2020. Australian Transport Council, Canberra, ACT: ATC.
• Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) Systems - Code of Practice, 2014. Erişim Tarihi: 01.01.2015.https://www.cornwall.gov.uk/media/3118236/anpr-cop-5th-release-june-2015.pdf
• Cameron M., Delaney A., Diamantopoulou K, 2003. Scientific Basis for the Strategic Directions of the Safety Camera Program in Victoria. Melbourne: Monash University Accident Research Centre Reports, 202, 78.
• Cameron, M., 2008. Development of Strategies for Best Practice in Speed Enforcement in Western Australia, Supplementary Report, Monash University Accident Research Centre, Melbourne.
• Cascetta, E., Punzo, V., Montanino, M., 2011. Empirical Evidence of Speed Management Effects on Traffic Flow at Freeway Bottleneck, In TRB 2011 Annual Meeting.
• Collins, G., 2007. Traffic Flow İmprovements with Average Speed Enforcement, In International Conference on Intelligent Transport Systems, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
• De Pauw, E., Daniels, S., Brijs, T, Hermans, E., Wets, G. 2014. Automated Section Speed Control on Motorways: An Evaluation of the Effect on Driving Speed, Accident Analysis & Prevention, 73, 313–322.
• Fleiter, J., Lewis, I.M., Watson, B.C., 2013. Promoting a More Positive Traffic Safety Culture in Australia : Lessons Learnt and Future Directions. Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety Conference, 6-8 Kasım 2013, South Australia, 25(1), 27.
• Gains, A., Nordstrom, M., Heydecker, B., Shrewsbury, J., Mountain, L., Maher, M., 2005. The National Safety Camera Programme: Four-Year Evaluation Report. PA Consulting Group, London.
• Gil, MJM., Malenstein, UPMJ, 2007. Innovative Technology for Monitoring Traffic,Vehicles and Drivers, Police Enforcement Policy and Programmes on European Roads.
• Grunnan, T., Vaa, T., Ulleberg, P., Malenstein, J., Zaidel, D., Kauvo, K., 2008. Implications of Innovative Technology for the Key Areas in Traffic Safety: Speed, Drink Driving and Restraint Systems, Police Enforcement Policy and Programmes on European Roads, Europe.
• IBB, 2013. E-5 ’e akıllı trafik yönetim sistemi. Erişim Tarihi: 03.01.2013.http://www.ibb.gov.tr/tr-TR/Pages/Haber.aspx?NewsID=20875#.WJD2fFWLSpo.
• Kallberg, V. P., Zaidel, D., Vaa, T., Malenstein, J., Siren, A., Gaitanidou, E., 2008. Police Enforcement Policy and Programmes on European Roads, Final Report.
• Kloeden, C.N., McLean, A.J., Glonek, G., 2002. Reanalysis of Travelling Speed and the Risk of Crash Involvement in Adelaide South Australia. Department of Transport and Regional Services, Australian Transport Safety Bureau, Canberra.
• Korthof, E.W., 2014. Effects of Section Control on Traffic Safety at Dutch Motorways. Delft University of Technology, Master Thesis, 202, Delft.
• Koy, T., Benz, S., 2009. Automatic Time-Over-Distance Speed Checks İmpacts on Driving Behaviour and Traffic Safety. In the 6th ITS World Congress and Exhibition on Intelligent Transport Systems and Services, Stockholm.
• KTK, 2013. Karayolları Trafik Kanunu’nun 2918 Sayılı Kanun EK 16 Maddesi Kapsamında Trafik Hizmetlerinde Kullanılacak Teknik Teçhizatlar İçin Genel Yeterlilik Esasları. Erişim Tarihi: 01.02.2016. https://www.trafik.gov.tr/SiteAssets/Trafik%20Kitapl%C4%B1k/Mevzuat/KTK_Ek16_UsulEsaslar.pdf
• Lynch, M., 2010. Forward Design Study: Introduction of Point to Point Speed Cameras in the ACT. AECOM Australia, Canberra.
• Malenstein, J., 1997. Automated Video Speed Enforcement and Trajectory Control Combined With Fully Automated Processing. Dutch National Police Agency, Traffic and Transport Division, Driebergen, Netherlands.
• Montella, A., Imbriani, L., Marzano, V., Mauriello, 2014. Effects on Speed and Safety of Point-To-Point Speed Enforcement Systems: Evaluation on the Urban Motorway A56 Tangenziale di Napoli. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 75, 164-178.
• Montella, A., Punzo, V., Chiaradonna, S., Mauriello, F., Montanino, M., 2015. Point-to-Point Speed Enforcement System: Speed Limits Design Criteria and Analysis of Drivers’ Compliance. Transport. Res. Part C 53, 1–18.
• Nilsson, G., 2004. Traffic Safety Dimensions and the Power Model to Describe the Effect of Speed on Safety. Bulletin 221. Lund Institute of Technology, Lund. Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development, 2006. Speed Management. .http://www.itfoecd.org/sites/default/files/docs/06speed.pdf
• Orozova-Bekkevold, I., Martinez, M., Akkermans, L., 2007. Needs and Objectives of the EC Regarding TLE Data in the Light of Data Availability and the Technical Aspects of Data Collection and Exchange. Erişim Tarihi: 01.02.2013.http://www.vtt.fi/files/sites/pepper/pepper_w12_wp2.pdf
• Ornek, M.N., Lorasokkay, M.A., Çevik, İ., Özek, T., 2013. Trafikte Kullanılan Bazı Elektronik Denetleme Sistemleri ve Koridor Hız Tespit Sistemi Uygulamasında (TEDES) Konya Örneği. 4. Karayolu Trafik Güvenliği Sempozyumu ve Sergisi, Ankara.
• Parliamentary Travelsafe Committee, 2008. Report on the Inquiry into Automatic Number Plate Recognition Technology. Report No. 51. Brisbane: Parliamentary Travelsafe Committee.
• Schwab, N., 2006. For a Better Safety and Traffic Flow Optimisation During Peak Periods: Speed Control Experimentation on the A7 Motorway. In 12th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, 06-10 November, France.
• Soole, D., Fleiter, J., Watson, B., 2012. Point-to-Point Speed Enforcement. Report No: AP-R415-12. 165p.
• Speed Check Services, 2009. SPECS Safety Cameras-M4 10-12 Technology Upgrade. http://www.speedcheck.co.uk/images/M4_Case_Study.pdf
• Stefan, C., 2005. Automatic Speed Enforcement on the A13 Motorway (NL): Rosebud WP4 – Case B Report. Austrian Road Safety Board (KfV), Austria.
• Tedesceza, 2016. 2016 Tedes Cezası Ne Kadar? http://tedesceza.com/tedes-cezasi/
• Townsend, E., 2006. Enforcement Monitor (No. 6). Brussels, Belguim: ETSC.
• Young, K.L., Regan, M. A., 2007. Intelligent Transport Systems to Support Police Enforcement of Road Safety Laws. ATSB Research and Analysis Report No: 2007-02, 62p.