ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACTS OF AUTOMATIC SECTION SPEED CONTROL ON A SAMPLE GROUP OF COMMUTER DRIVERS IN AN EDUCATIONAL CAMPUS

Öz

Automatic Section Speed Control that is one of the speed enforcement systems applied for solving high speed problem causing accidents in traffic is a new and advanced intelligent transportation system application that is gaining popularity all over the world in countries with high levels of motorization. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of this system installed as mobile at sections in a university campus with low speed limits on the before/after periods speeds and opinions of commuter drivers. A total of 729 driver surveys were accepted as valid. According to meticulous evaluations; it was determined that only 32 of the survey participants were among those for which average speeds were detected at least 8 times by the system during each of the before/after periods. Whereas the speed average during the before period was 38.73 km/h, the speeds decreased down to 35.13 km/h during the after period. When the opinions of the drivers regarding the speed limits enforced in the campus were asked, it was determined that 3.3% think that the speed limits are high, 56.7% think that they are low, whereas 36.7% think that they are sufficient. Independent Sample t test was used to determine the average speed differences for the before/after periods according to the “gender, age, duty, number of accidents, opinions on speed limit” variables of the drivers who participated in the survey and for whom the average speeds were detected, whereas Univariate Anova test was applied in order to determine the average speed differences for the “education level, years of driving experience, tendency to overtake other vehicles” variables during the before/after periods. The differences were not determined to be statistically significant according to the analyses. There was a statistically significant decrease in average speeds without any legal enforcement; however, a greater abidance by the speed limits may be attained via an enforcement. No statistically significant difference was observed between the accident histories of the drivers and the decreases in their average speeds. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Automatic section speed controL Average speed,Before/after period,Speed limit,Driver opinions

OTOMATİK KORİDOR HIZ KONTROLÜ’NÜN BİR EĞİTİM YERLEŞKESİNDEKİ TEKRARLI SÜRÜCÜLERDEN OLUŞAN BİR ÖRNEKLEM ÜZERİNDEKİ GÖRÜŞLER VE HIZ ETKİLERİ ÜZERİNE ANALİZİ

Öz

Trafikte kazalara sebep olan yüksek hız problemini çözmek için uygulanan hız denetim sistemlerinden biri olan Otomatik Koridor Hız Kontrolü, dünya çapında son derece yüksek seviyede motorize olmuş ülkelerde popülerliği artan yeni ve gelişmiş bir akıllı ulaştırma sistemi uygulamasıdır. Bu makalede bir üniversite kampüsü içindeki düşük hız limitli güzergâhlara 2013 yılında mobil olarak kurulan bu sistemin, tekrarlı (her gün kampüse gidip gelen)  sürücülerin önce/sonra dönemlerindeki hızlarına ve görüşlerine etkisini araştıran bir çalışma sunulmaktadır. Sürücülere yapılan anketlerden ise 729 adedi geçerli sayılmıştır. Titizlikle yapılan tespitlere göre; anket katılımcılarından sadece 32 adedinin önce/sonra dönemlerinin her birinde en az 8 kere sistem tarafından ortalama hızları tespit edilenler olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Önce dönemine ait hızların ortalaması 38.73 km/s iken, sonra döneminde hızlar 35.13 km/s’e düşmüştür. Sürücülerin kampüste uygulanan hız limitleri hakkındaki düşünceleri sorulduğunda ise, %3.3’ü hız limitlerinin yüksek olduğunu, %56.7’si düşük olduğunu, %36.7’si ise yeterli olduğunu belirtmiştir. Ankete katılan ve ortalama hızları tespit edilen sürücülerin “cinsiyet, yaş, görev, kaza sayısı, hız sınırı hakkında düşünceler” değişkenlerine göre önce/sonra dönemlerine ait ortalama hız farklılıklarını bulmak için Bağımsız iki örnek T testi  kullanılmış “eğitim düzeyi, araç kullanma yılı, diğer aracı geçme eğilimi” değişkenlerinin önce/sonra dönemlerine ait ortalama hız farklılıklarını bulmak için ise Tek değişkenli varyans analizi yapılmıştır. Analize göre farklar anlamlı değildir. Cezai yaptırım olmaksızın ortalama hızlar anlamlı düşüş göstermiştir; fakat hız sınırlarına daha yüksek bir uyum, bir uygulama yaptırımı ile sağlanabilir. Sürücülerin kaza geçmişleri ile ortalama hızlarındaki düşüşler arasında anlamlı fark görülmemiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Otomatik koridor hız kontrolü,Ortalama hız,Önce/sonra dönemi,Hız limiti,Sürücü görüşü

Kaynakça

1. Aarts, L., Van Schagen, I., 2006. Driving Speed and The Risk of Road Crashes: A Review. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 38(2), 215–224.
2. Bates, L., Allen, S., Watson, B., 2016. The İnfluence of The Elements of Procedural Justice and Speed Camera Enforcement on Young Novice Driver Self-Reported Speeding. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 92, 34-42.
3. Cameron, M., 2008. Development of Strategies for Best Practice in Speed Enforcement in Western Australia, Supplementary Report, Monash University Accident Research Centre, Melbourne.
4. Charlesworth, K., 2008. The Effect of Average Speed Enforcement on Driver Behaviour. In Road Transport Information and Control ‐ RTIC 2008 and ITS United Kingdom Members' Conference, Manchester.
5. Crawford, E. and Council, P. A., 2007. Beyond 2010: a Holistic Approach to Road Safety in Great Britain, PACTS.
6. Elvik, R., 2011. Analytic Choices in Road Safety Evaluation: Exploring Second-Best Approaches. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 45, 173-179.
7. Fleiter, J., Lewis, I.M., Watson, B.C., 2013. Promoting a More Positive Traffic Safety Culture in Australia : Lessons Learnt and Future Directions. Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety Conference, 6-8 Kasım 2013, South Australia, 25(1), 27.
8. Gil, MJM., Malenstein, UPMJ, 2007. Innovative Technology for Monitoring Traffic,Vehicles and Drivers, Police Enforcement Policy and Programmes on European Roads.

9. Hatfield, J. and Job, R. S., 2006. Beliefs and attitudes about speeding and its countermeasures. Australian Transport Safety Bureau, Report B.
10. Høye, A., 2014. Speed Cameras, Section Control, And Kangaroo Jumps – A Meta-Analysis. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 73, 200-208.
11. Ilgaz, A., Saltan, M., 2017a. Case Study on Speed Behavior Determination Via Average Speed Enforcement at The Akdeniz University Campus Area, International Journal Of Engineering & Applied Sciences, 9(3): 22–35. doi: 10.24107/ijeas.321060
12. Ilgaz A., Saltan M., 2017b. Ortalama Hız Uygulamalarında Yasal Konular: Hız İhlali Üzerine Bir Uygulama Ve Analiz, Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi, 5: 495-506. doi:10.21923/jesd.315850.
13. Ilgaz, A.; Saltan, M., 2017c. An Evaluation Of Section Control: Analyses Of Speed Behavior Of Drivers At a University Campus, International Journal for Traffic and Transport Engineering, 7(4): 461-474
14. Montella, A., Punzo, V., Chiaradonna, S., Mauriello, F., Montanino, M., 2015. Point-to-Point Speed Enforcement System: Speed Limits Design Criteria and Analysis of Drivers’ Compliance. Transport. Res. Part C 53, 1–18.
15. Schwab, N., 2006. For a Better Safety and Traffic Flow Optimisation During Peak Periods: Speed Control Experimentation on the A7 Motorway. In 12th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, 06-10 November, France.
16. Simcic, G, 2009. Section Control: Towards a More Efficient and Better Accepted Enforcement of Speed Limits? http://archive.etsc.eu/documents/Speed%20Fact%20Sheet%205.pdf
17. Soole, D., Fleiter, J., Watson, B., 2012. Point-to-Point Speed Enforcement. Report No: AP-R415-12. 165p.
18. Soole, DW., Watson, BC., Fleiter JJ., 2013. Effects of Average Speed Enforcement on Speed Compliance and Crashes: A review of the Literature, Accident Analysis & Prevention, 54, 46-56.
19. Taylor, M. C., Lynam, D. A., Baruya, A., 2000. The Effects of Drivers’ Speed on the Frequency of Road Accidents. TRL Report No:421.
20. Townsend, E., 2006. Enforcement Monitor (No. 6). Brussels, Belguim: ETSC.
21. Walker, E., Murdoch, C., Bryant, P., Barnes, B., Johnson, B., 2009. Quantitative Study of Attitudes, Motivations and Beliefs Related to Speeding and Speed Enforcement, The Australasian Road Safety Research, Policing and Education Conference, 10 -13 November 2009 Sydney. Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development, 2006. Speed Management. Erişim Tarihi: 01.02.2013. http://www.itf-oecd.org/sites/default/files/docs/06speed.