ÖNERİLEN KONVOLÜSYON SİNİR AĞI YAKLAŞIMI KULLANARAK ELMA YAPRAĞI HASTALIKLARININ SINIFLANDIRILMASI

Öz

Tarım arazilerindeki elma ağaçlarını sürekli olarak kontrol etmek zordur. Ağaç yapraklarında oluşan bir hastalık durumunda diğer yapraklara hastalığın bulaş riski yüksektir. Erken dönemde hastalığın otomatik tespitini gerçekleştirerek bitkinin daha fazla bozulmasını önlemek gereklidir. Eğer hastalık tespitinde geç kalınırsa planlanan üretim gerçekleştirilememektedir. Bir çiftçi ya da tarım uzmanı tarafından hastalıkların tespit edilmesi durumunda geç kalınmaktadır. Buna ek olarak tarım arazileri büyüdükçe ihtiyaç duyulan uzman sayısı da ona göre artış göstermektedir. Bu sebeplerden dolayı elma ağaçlarına ait yaprak görüntülerini kullanarak ağaç yaprakları elma kabuğu, yaprak pası, sağlıklı elma ve birden fazla hastalık durumları olmak üzere 4 farklı sınıfa gruplandırılmıştır. Öne sürülen yöntemde görüntülerde gürültülerin temizlenmesi, ilgili alanın tespiti ve YUV renk uzayı üzerinde histogram eşitleme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kullanılan veri setinde sınıf dağılımlarının dengesiz olmasından dolayı SMOTE yöntemi ile azınlık olarak kalan sınıflar için veri büyütmesi uygulanmıştır. Sonrasında DenseNet121, DenseNet201, InceptionResNetV2, InceptionV3, ResNet50V2 önceden eğitilmiş ağ modelleri kullanılarak öznitelikler çıkartılmıştır. Çıkartılan öznitelikler geliştirilen CNN tabanlı bir yöntemle 99% doğruluk oranında sınıflandırılma gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Konvolüsyonel Sinir Ağı
• Görüntü İşleme
• Elma Yaprağı
• SMOTE
• Önceden Eğitilmiş Ağ

CLASSIFICATION OF APPLE LEAF DISEASES USING THE PROPOSED CONVOLUTION NEURAL NETWORK APPROACH

Öz

It is difficult to constantly control apple trees in farmland. In case of a disease on tree leaves, the risk of disease transmission to other leaves is high. It is necessary to prevent further deterioration of the plant by performing automatic detection of the disease in the early period. If the disease detection is delayed, the planned production cannot be realized. It is too late if diseases are detected by a farmer or agronomist. In addition, as the agricultural lands grow, the number of experts needed increases accordingly. For these reasons, leaf images of apple trees are grouped into 4 different classes: apple peel, leaf rust, healthy apple and multiple disease states. In the proposed method, noise removal in the images, detection of the relevant area and histogram equalization on the YUV color space are performed. Due to the unbalanced class distribution in the data set used, data augmentation was applied for the minority classes with the SMOTE method. Afterwards, features are extracted using pre-trained network models DenseNet121, DenseNet201, InceptionResNetV2, InceptionV3, ResNet50V2. Extracted features were classified with a CNN-based method developed with an accuracy of 99%.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Convolutional Neural Network
• Image Processing
• Apple leaf
• SMOTE
• Pre Trained Network.

Kaynakça

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