Yaşlılarda beden kütle indeksinin denge ve yürüme özelliklerine etkisi

Yıl 2022, , 68 - 76, 29.04.2022

Murat Tomruk , Ümit Yeşil , Esra Ateş Bulut , Ahmet Turan Işık , Nihal Gelecek

https://doi.org/10.15437/jetr.865876

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, yaşlılarda beden kütle indeksinin (BKİ) denge ve yürüme özelliklerini ne yönde etkilediğinin
araştırılmasıydı.

Yöntem: Yüz beş geriatrik birey BKİ’ye göre üç gruba ayrıldı: Normal (18,5<BKİ<24,9, n=30), pre-obez (25,0<BKİ<29,9, n=47), obez (30<BKİ, n=28). Denge ile ilgili değişkenlerin (statik denge, dinamik denge, duyusal etkileşimli denge)
ölçümünde Biodex Denge Sistemi kullanıldı. Yürüme hızı 4m yürüme testi ile ölçüldü, adım uzunluğu ve tempo hesaplandı.
Gruplar arası farkların analizi için Kruskal-Wallis testi kullanıldı (p<0,05).

Bulgular: Gruplar arasında postüral stabilite indeksi, anteroposterior (AP) indeksi, mediolateral (ML) indeksi, gözler açık sert
zemin (GASZ) denge ve gözler kapalı sert zemin (GKSZ) denge açısından anlamlı farklar olduğu görüldü (p<0,05). Post-hoc
analiz sonuçlarına göre pre-obezlerin postüral stabilite indeksi, AP indeksi, ML indeksi ve GASZ dengesi BKİ normal olanlara
göre anlamlı olarak daha kötüydü (sırasıyla; p=0,008, p=0,014, p=0,005, p<0,001). Obezlerin GKSZ dengesi hem BKİ normal
olanlara hem de pre-obezlere göre anlamlı olarak daha kötü iken (sırasıyla; p<0,001, p=0,005), GASZ dengesi de BKİ normal
olanlara göre daha kötüydü (p=0,001). Ayrıca obezlerin adım uzunluğu pre-obezlere göre anlamlı olarak daha kısaydı
(p=0,008).

Sonuç: Yüksek beden kütle indeksine sahip yaşlıların statik dengelerinin daha kötü ve obez yaşlıların adım uzunluklarının daha
kısa olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu sonuçlar yaşlıların denge ve yürüme özelliklerini, sahip oldukları BKİ’ye göre tahmin etmeye
yardımcı olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

beden kütle indeksi, yaşlı, postüral denge, yürüyüş

Destekleyen Kurum

Bulunmamaktadır.

Effects of body mass index on balance and gait characteristics in the elderly

Öz

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate whether Body Mass Index (BMI) affects balance and gait characteristics in the
elderly.

Methods: 105 geriatric individuals were divided into three groups according to the BMI: Normal (18,5<BMI<24.9, n=30), overweight (25.0<BMI<29.9, n=47), obese (30<BMI, n=28). Biodex Balance System was used to measure the balancerelated
variables (static balance, dynamic balance, and the sensory interaction of balance). Gait speed was measured using
4m-walk test, stride length and cadence were calculated. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze between-group
differences (p<0.05).

Results: Significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of postural stability index, anteroposterior (AP)
index, mediolateral (ML) index, eyes open firm surface (EOFC) balance and eyes closed firm surface (ECFC) balance (p <0.05).
Post-hoc analysis showed that the postural stability index, AP index, ML index and EOFC balance of overweight individuals were
significantly worse than those of individuals with normal BMI (p=0.008, p=0.014, p=0.005, p<0,001, respectively). While the
ECFC balance of obese individuals was significantly worse than those of both individuals with normal BMI and overweight
individuals (p<0.001, p=0.005, respectively), their EOFC balance was worse than those with normal BMI (p=0.001). In addition,
the stride length of obese individuals was significantly shorter than those of overweight individuals (p=0.008).

Conclusion: It was found that the static balance of the elderly with high body mass index was worse, and the stride length of
obese elderly individuals was shorter. These results may be helpful to predict the balance and gait characteristics of the elderly
according to their BMI.

Anahtar Kelimeler

body mass index, elderly, postural balance, gait

Kaynakça

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