PARASITIC PLANTS USED AS FOLK MEDICINE IN TÜRKİYE

Öz

Objective: In this study, parasitic flowering plant taxa used as folk medicine in Türkiye are compiled, and their traditional uses are scientifically evaluated. Ethnobotanical and folk medicine studies performed in Türkiye between 1985 and 2025 were reviewed. The findings were presented in a table and evaluated.

Result and Discussion: It was determined that a total of 14 parasitic flowering plant taxa belonging to three families (Convolvulaceae, Santalaceae, and Orobanchaceae) have been traditionally used in 184 different ways in Türkiye. Among these taxa, Viscum album and its subspecies had the highest number of usage records, with 146 records. It was found that the taxa used as folk medicine were most commonly employed against ear-nose-throat and respiratory system diseases. Upon examination of the biological activity studies in the literature, it was recorded that no activity studies have been conducted on Cuscuta babylonica, C. europaea, C. planiflora, Melampyrum arvense, Orobanche minor, and  Rhinanthus  major, despite their traditional use. Phytochemical and biological activity studies to be carried out on parasitic flowering plants traditionally used in Türkiye are important for the pharmaceutical evaluation and economic utilization of parasitic plants in the Turkish flora.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ethnobotany
• folk medicine
• parasitic plant
• traditional use
• Türkiye

TÜRKİYE’DE HALK İLACI OLARAK KULLANILAN PARAZİT BİTKİLER

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de halk ilacı olarak kullanılan parazit çiçekli bitki taksonlarının derlenmesi ve geleneksel kullanımlarının bilimsel olarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. 1985-2025 yılları arasında yayımlanmış Türkiye’de gerçekleştirilen etnobotanik ve halk ilaçları ile ilgili çalışmalar incelenmiş, elde edilen bulgular tablo halinde sunularak değerlendirilmiştir.

Sonuç ve Tartışma: Türkiye’de üç familyaya (Convolvulaceae, Santalaceae ve Orobanchaceae) ait toplam 14 parazit çiçekli bitki taksonunun 184 farklı şekilde geleneksel olarak kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu taksonlar arasında en fazla kullanım kaydının 146 kayıtla Viscum album ve alt türlerine ait olduğu bulunmuştur. Halk ilacı olarak kullanılan taksonların en fazla kulak-burun-boğaz ve solunum sistemi hastalıklarına karşı kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Literatürde yer alan biyolojik aktivite çalışmaları incelendiğinde, Cuscuta babylonica, C. europaea, C. planiflora, Melampyrum arvense, Orobanche minor ve Rhinanthus major türleri üzerinde, geleneksel kullanımlarıyla ilişkili olarak yapılmış herhangi bir aktivite çalışmasının olmadığı kaydedilmiştir. Türkiye’de geleneksel olarak kullanılan parazit çiçekli bitkiler üzerinde yapılacak fitokimyasal ve biyolojik aktivite çalışmaları ülkemiz florasında yer alan parazit bitkilerin eczacılık bakımından değerlendirilmesi ve ekonomiye kazandırılması açısından önem arz etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Etnobotanik
• geleneksel kullanım
• halk ilacı
• parazit bitki
• Türkiye

Kaynakça

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