SOME MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA (LICORICE)

Öz

Objective: Alternative medicine has an important place in the fight against many diseases in human history. The biological activity of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. was investigated in this study.

Material and Method: The root parts of the plant were extracted with ethanol. Antioxidant and oxidant potentials were determined using Rel Assay kits. Antimicrobial activity was tested against standard bacteria and fungus strains using the agar dilution method. Antiproliferative activity was determined by MTT test against Lung Carcinoma Cell Line (A549).

Result and Discussion: As a result of the studies, the TAS value of the plant was measured as 8.770±0.171, TOS value as 14.590±0.191 and OSI value as 0.167±0.005. Inhibition of the plant extract was observed against standard bacteria and fungus strains at ranging from 50-200 µg/mL concentrations. In addition, it was determined that the plant extract displayed strong antiproliferative activity due to the increase in concentration. As a result of these studies, it has been determined that G. glabra can be used as an important natural antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer agent.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antimicrobial
• antioxidant
• antiproliferative
• Glycyrrhiza glabra
• medicinal plants

Proje Numarası

Yok

GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA'NIN BAZI TIBBİ ÖZELLİKLERİ (MEYAN KÖKÜ)

Öz

Amaç: Alternatif tıp, insanlık tarihinde birçok hastalıkla mücadelede önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bu çalışmada Glycyrrhiza glabra L.'nin biyolojik aktivitesi araştırıldı.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bitkinin kök kısımları etanol ile ekstrakte edildi. Antioksidan ve oksidan potansiyelleri Rel Assay kitleri kullanılarak belirlendi. Antimikrobiyal aktivite, agar seyreltme yöntemi kullanılarak standart bakteri ve mantar suşlarına karşı test edildi. Antiproliferatif aktivite, Lung Carcinoma Cell Line'a (A549) karşı MTT testi ile belirlendi.

Sonuç ve Tartışma: Çalışmalar sonucunda bitkinin TAS değeri 8.770±0.171, TOS değeri 14.590±0.191 ve OSI değeri 0.167±0.005 olarak ölçülmüştür. Bitki ekstraktının 50-200 µg/mL konsantrasyon aralığında standart bakteri ve mantar suşlarına karşı inhibisyonu gözlemlendi. Ayrıca bitki ekstraktının konsantrasyon artışına bağlı olarak güçlü antiproliferatif aktivite gösterdiği belirlendi. Bu çalışmalar sonucunda G. glabra'nın önemli bir doğal antioksidan, antimikrobiyal ve antikanser ajanı olarak kullanılabileceği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antimikrobiyal
• antioksidan
• antiproliferatif
• Glycyrrhiza glabra
• tıbbi bitkiler

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Proje Numarası

Yok

Teşekkür

Yok

Kaynakça

1. Korkmaz, A.I., Akgul, H., Sevindik, M., Selamoglu, Z. (2018). Study on determination of bioactive potentials of certain lichens. Acta Alimentaria, 47(1), 80-87.
2. Ben-Shabat, S., Yarmolinsky, L., Porat, D., Dahan, A. (2020). Antiviral effect of phytochemicals from medicinal plants: applications and drug delivery strategies. Drug Delivery and Translational Research, 10(2), 354-367.
3. Li, Y., Kong, D., Fu, Y., Sussman, M.R., Wu, H. (2020). The effect of developmental and environmental factors on secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 148, 80-89.
4. Mohammed, F.S., Pehlivan, M., Sevindik, E., Akgul, H., Sevindik, M., Bozgeyik, I., Yumrutas, O. (2021). Pharmacological properties of edible Asparagus acutifolius and Asparagus officinalis collected from North Iraq and Turkey (Hatay). Acta Alimentaria, 50(1), 136-143.
5. Pastorino, G., Cornara, L., Soares, S., Rodrigues, F., Oliveira, M.B.P. (2018). Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra): A phytochemical and pharmacological review. Phytotherapy research, 32(12), 2323-2339.
6. Kılınç, F., Demircan, F., Yıldırım, Y., Yılmaz, Z., Pekkolay, Z., Tuzcu, A.K. (2014). Meyan Kökü (Likoris) Kullanımına Bağlı Hipertansiyon ve Hipokalemi ile Seyreden 5 Vakanını Değerlendirilmesi. Sakarya Tıp Dergisi, 4, 186-190.
7. Nazari, S., Rameshrad, M., Hosseinzadeh, H. (2017). Toxicological effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice): a review. Phytotherapy research, 31(11), 1635-1650.
8. Alagawany, M., Elnesr, S.S., Farag, M.R., El-Hack, A., Mohamed, E., Khafaga, A.F., Taha, A.E., Tiwari, R., Yatoo, M.I., Bhatt, P., Marappan, G., Dhama, K. (2019). Use of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) herb as a feed additive in poultry: Current knowledge and prospects. Animals, 9(8), 536.

9. Cuvelier, M. E., Berset, C., Richard, H. (1994). Antioxidant Constituents in Sage (Salvia officinalis). Journal of Agricultural and food chemistry, 42, 665-669.
10. Kikuzaki, H., Nakatani, N. (1993). Antioxidant Effects of Some ginger constituents. Journal of food science, 58, 1407-1410.
11. Shahidi, F. (2000). Antioxidants in Food and Food Antioxidants. Food/nahrung, 44, 158-163.
12. Dang, M.N., Takácsová, M., Nguyen, D.V., Kristiánová, K. (2001). Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils from Various Spices. Food/nahrung, 45, 64-66.
13. Jiang, J., Zhang, X., True, A.D., Zhou, L., Xiong, Y.L. (2013). Inhibition of Lipid Oxidation and Rancidity in Precooked Pork Patties by Radical-Scavenging Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) Extract. Journal of food science, 78: 1686-1694.
14. Erel, O. (2004). A novel automated direct measurement method for total antioxidant capacity using a new generation, more stable ABTS radical cation. Clinical biochemistry, 37(4), 277-285.
15. Erel, O. (2005). A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clinical biochemistry, 38(12), 1103-1111.
16. Sevindik, M., Akgul, H., Akata, I., Alli, H., Selamoglu, Z. (2017). Fomitopsis pinicola in healthful dietary approach and their therapeutic potentials. Acta Alimentaria, 46(4), 464-469.
17. CLSI (The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute). (2012). Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Anaerobic Bacteria; Approved Standard—Eighth Edition (M11-A8).
18. EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing). (2014). Breakpoint tables Fungal isolate for interpretation of MICs. Version 7.0.
19. EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing). (2015). Breakpoint tables for Bacteria interpretation of MICs and zone diameters, Version 5.0.
20. Bauer, A.W., Kirby, W.M., Sherris, J.C., Turck, M. (1966). Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 45, 493-96.
21. Hindler, J., Hochstein, L., Howell, A. (1992). Preparation of routine media and reagents used in antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Part 1. McFarland standards, p. 5.19.1-5.19.6. In H. D. Isenberg (ed) Clinical microbiology procedures handbook, vol. 1. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C.
22. Matuschek, E., Brown, D.F., Kahlmeter, G. (2014). Development of the EUCAST disk diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility testing method and its implementation in routine microbiology laboratories. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 20: 255-266.
23. Bal, C., Akgul, H., Sevindik, M., Akata, I., Yumrutas, O. (2017). Determination of the anti-oxidative activities of six mushrooms. Fresenius Envir Bull, 26(10), 6246-6252.
24. Frattaruolo, L., Carullo, G., Brindisi, M., Mazzotta, S., Bellissimo, L., Rago, V., Curcio, R., Dolce, V., Aiello, F., Cappello, A. R. (2019). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of flavanones from Glycyrrhiza glabra L.(licorice) leaf phytocomplexes: Identification of licoflavanone as a modulator of NF-kB/MAPK pathway. Antioxidants, 8(6), 186.
25. Sakihama, Y., Cohen, M. F., Grace, S. C., Yamasaki, H. (2002). Plant phenolic antioxidant and prooxidant activities: phenolics-induced oxidative damage mediated by metals in plants. Toxicology, 177(1), 67-80.
26. Visavadiya, N. P., Soni, B., Dalwadi, N. (2009). Evaluation of antioxidant and anti-atherogenic properties of Glycyrrhiza glabra root using in vitro models. International journal of food sciences and nutrition, 60(sup2), 135-149.
27. Cheel, J., Van Antwerpen, P., Tůmová, L., Onofre, G., Vokurková, D., Zouaoui-Boudjeltia, K., Vanhaeverbeek, M., Nève, J. (2010). Free radical-scavenging, antioxidant and immunostimulating effects of a licorice infusion (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.). Food Chemistry, 122(3), 508-517.
28. Mehreen, L., Lubna, I., Nudrat, F., Kauser, S., Nighat, A., & Mansoor, A. (2012). Evaluation of antioxidant and urease inhibition activities of roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 25(1): 99-102
29. Durmaz, H., Hülül, M., Celik, H. (2018). Meyan (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) Bitkisinin Antibakteriyel ve Antioksidan Aktiviteleri. Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 7, 37-41. Mohammed, F. S., Akgul, H., Sevindik, M., Khaled, B. M. T. (2018). Phenolic content and biological activities of Rhus coriaria var. zebaria. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27(8), 5694-5702.
30. Sevindik M, Akgul, H, Pehlivan M, Selamoglu Z (2017) Determination of therapeutic potential of Mentha longifolia ssp. longifolia. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 26(7), 4757-4763 Mohammed, F. S., Karakaş, M., Akgül, H., & Sevindik, M. (2019). Medicinal properties of Allium calocephalum collected from Gara Mountain (Iraq). Fresen Environ Bull, 28(10), 7419-7426.
31. Mohammed, F. S., Günal, S., Şabik, A. E., Akgül, H., Sevindik, M. (2020). Antioxidant and Antimicrobial activity of Scorzonera papposa collected from Iraq and Turkey. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 23(5), 1114-1118.
32. Mohammed, F. S., Günal, S., Pehlivan, M., Doğan, M., Sevindik, M., Akgül, H. (2020). Phenolic content, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of endemic Ferulago platycarpa. Gazi University Journal of Science, 33(4), 670-677.
33. Mohammed, F. S., Şabik, A. E., Sevindik, E., Pehlivan, M., Sevindik, M. (2020). Determination of Antioxidant and Oxidant Potentials of Thymbra spicata Collected from Duhok-Iraq. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 8(5), 1171-1173.
34. Saraç, H., Demirbaş, A., Daştan, S. D., Ataş, M., Çevik, Ö., Eruygur, N. (2019). Evaluation of Nutrients and Biological Activities of Kenger (Gundellia tournefortii L.) Seeds Cultivated in Sivas Province. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 7(sp2), 52-58.
35. Daştan, S. D., Durukan, H., Demirbaş, A., Dönmez, E. (2019). Bioactivity and Therapeutic Properties of Evelik (Rumex crispus), A Naturally Growing and Edible Plant in Sivas Province. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 7(sp2), 67-71.
36. Saraç, H., Durukan, H., Demirbaş, A. (2021). Nutrient Concentrations and Antioxidant Activity of Achillea millefolium L.(Yarrow), One of the Important Medicinal Plants. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 9(3), 590-594.
37. Rios, J. L.,Recio, M. C. (2005). Medicinal plants and antimicrobial activity. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 100(1-2), 80-84.
38. Jafarzadeh, S., Jafari, S. M., Salehabadi, A., Nafchi, A. M., Kumar, U. S. U., Khalil, H. A. (2020). Biodegradable green packaging with antimicrobial functions based on the bioactive compounds from tropical plants and their by-products. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 100, 262-277.
39. Sultana, S., Haque, A., Hamid, K., Urmi, K. F., Roy, S. (2010). Antimicrobial, cytotoxic and antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra. Agric Biol JN Am, 1(5), 957-60.
40. Irani, M., Sarmadi, M., & Bernard, F. (2010). Leaves antimicrobial activity of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research: IJPR, 9(4), 425.
41. Gupta, V. K., Fatima, A., Faridi, U., Negi, A. S., Shanker, K., Kumar, J. K., Rahuja, N., Luqman, S., Sisodia, B. S., Saikia, D., Darokar, M. P., Khanuja, S. P. (2008). Antimicrobial potential of Glycyrrhiza glabra roots. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 116(2), 377-380.
42. Nussbaumer, S., Bonnabry, P., Veuthey, J. L., Fleury-Souverain, S. (2011). Analysis of anticancer drugs: a review. Talanta, 85(5), 2265-2289.
43. Tariq, A., Sadia, S., Pan, K., Ullah, I., Mussarat, S., Sun, F., Abiodun, O. O., Batbaatar, A., Li, Z., Song, D., Xiong, D., Ullah, R., Khan, R., Basnet, B. H., Kumar, B., Islam, R., Adnan, M. (2017). A systematic review on ethnomedicines of anti‐cancer plants. Phytotherapy Research, 31(2), 202-264.
44. Buyel, J. F. (2018). Plants as sources of natural and recombinant anti-cancer agents. Biotechnology advances, 36(2), 506-520.
45. Aumeeruddy, M. Z., Mahomoodally, M. F. (2021). Global documentation of traditionally used medicinal plants in cancer management: A systematic review. South African Journal of Botany, 138, 424-494.
46. Rathi, S. G., Suthar, M., Patel, P., Bhaskar, V. H., Rajgor, N. B. (2009). In-vitro cytotoxic screening of Glycyrrhiza glabra L.(Fabaceae): A natural anticancer drug. Journal of Young Pharmacists, 1(3), 239.
47. Nazmi, S. A., Nourazarian, A., Bahhaj, R., Khakikhatibi, F. (2018). The anticancer effect of Arctium lappa and Glycyrrhiza glabra on HT-29 colon cancer and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. cancer, 6, 7.