GC-MS ANALYSIS OF ESSENTIAL OIL AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITIES OF EXTRACTS FROM DISCARDED LEAVES OF NICOTIANA TABACUM LINN.

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Objective: Cancer is still one of the most fatal diseases that threaten human health. Since the effectiveness of conventional cancer therapies based on chemotherapy, radiotherapy, cytotoxic drugs, and surgery is limited by their toxic effects, new therapies are needed. Secondary metabolites from plants exhibit good biological activities. The effect of solvent polarity and method of extraction on the yield of extraction, and the effect of the solvent extract on the biological activities of Nicotiana tabacum Linn. leaves extracts were evaluated. The essential oil extract of the leaves will be analyzed as well.

Material and Method: Samples of tobacco leaves, grown in Lebanon, were the subject of this work. Two methods of extraction in a series of solvents with decreasing polarities were performed. The antitumor activity was evaluated on breast adenocarcinoma MCF7 cells using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay. The chemical composition analysis was conducted using TLC and GC-MS for essential oil.

Result and Discussion: The Nicotiana tabacum extracts exhibit anticancer activities, and it is affected by the solvent used. Moreover, the polarity and method of extraction significantly affect the yield of extraction. These results required further investigations on this plant and must be tested on other cancer cell lines. The TLC analysis of different extracts lead us to suggest the presence of α-4,8,13-duvatriene-1,3-diol, β -4,8,13-duvatriene-1,3-diol and Z-abienol (Z-AB). Totally 19 volatile constituents were detected in N. tabacum and the main components were pentadecanal (47.71 %), biosol (15.88 %), solanone (11.06 %), thymol (5.52 %), damascenone (2.16 %), and β-Caryophyllene (2.19 %). As well as that many studies are required to determine the active principles and their mode of action.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antitumor
• essential oil
• GC-MS
• Nicotiana tabacum
• solvent polarity

KULLANILMAYAN NICOTIANA TABACUM LINN. YAPRAKLARINDAN ELDE EDİLEN UÇUCU YAĞIN GC-MS ANALİZİ VE EKSTRENİN ANTİKANSER AKTİVİTESİ

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Amaç: Kanser, günümüzde hala insan hayatını tehdit eden en ölümcül hastalıklardan biridir. Kemoterapi, radyoterapi, sitotoksik ilaçlar ve cerrahiye dayalı geleneksel kanser tedavilerinin etkinliği, toksik etkilerden dolayı sınırlı olduğundan, yeni tedavilere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bitkilerden elde edilen sekonder metabolitler, iyi biyolojik aktivite göstermektedir. Çözücü polaritesi ve ekstraksiyon yönteminin, ekstraksiyonun verimi üzerine etkisi ve ekstraksiyonun Nicotiana tabacum Linn. ekstresinin biyolojik aktivitesi üzerine etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Bunun yanında, yapraklardan elde edilen uçucu yağın analizi de gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmanın konusu, Lübnan’da yetişen tütün yapraklarından alınan örneklerdir. Azalan polaritede çözücü serisi ile iki ekstraksiyon yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Antitümör aktivite; meme adenokarsinoma MCF7 hücrelerinde, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) sitotoksisite testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Ekstrenin kimyasal içeriği İTK ile, uçucu yağınki ise GC-MS ile değerlendirilmiştir.

Sonuç ve Tartışma: Nicotiana tabacum ekstreleri antikanser aktivite göstermiş ve çözücü türünün bu aktiviteyi etkilediği gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca, polarite ve ekstraksiyon yöntemi, ekstraksiyon verimini önemli ölçüde etkilemiştir. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda, bitki üzerine daha ileri çalışmalar yapılması ve başka kanser hücre serileri üzerinde testlerin yürütülmesi gerekmektedir. Farklı ekstrelerin İTK analizleri; α-4,8,13-duvatrien-1,3-diol, β -4,8,13-duvatrien-1,3-diol ve Z-abienol (Z-AB) bileşiklerinin varlığını göstermiştir. N. tabacum içeriğinde 19 uçucu bileşik tespit edilmiştir ve bunların arasında pentadekanal (47.71 %), biosol (15.88 %), solanon (11.06 %), timol (5.52 %), damasenone (2.16 %), and β-karyofilen (2.19 %) bileşikleri major olarak bulunmaktaır. Bunun yanı sıra aktif bileşiklerin ve etki biçimlerinin belirlenmesi için çok sayıda çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antitümör
• çözücü polaritesi
• GC-MS
• Nicotiana tabacum
• uçucu yağ

Kaynakça

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