ARONIA SP. MEYVELERİNİN KİMYASAL BİLEŞİMİ VE BİYOLOJİK AKTİVİTELERİ

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 44 Sayı: 3, 557 - 570, 30.09.2020

Kevser Özdemir Esra Eroğlu Özkan

Öz

Amaç: Aronia türleri bakka tipi (berry) meyvelere sahip olup, yapılarında antosiyaninler başta olmak üzere yüksek miktarda fenolik bileşikler taşır. Zengin kimyasal içeriğinden ve güçlü antioksidan aktivitesinden dolayı fonksiyonel gıda olarak adlandırılmakta, dünya üzerinde kullanımı ve kültürü yaygınlaşmaktadır. Bu derleme ile Aronia meyvelerinin kimyasal bileşimi, biyolojik aktiviteleri ve konuyla ilgili güncel araştırmalar sunulmuştur.

Sonuç ve Tartışma: Aronia meyvelerinin geleneksel kullanımı yanında, kimyasal bileşimi, hastalıklardan korunma ve hastalıkların tedavisindeki rolü incelenmiştir. Biyoaktiviteden sorumlu başlıca moleküller (siyanidin türevi glikozitler, flavonoidler, prosiyanidinler ve fenolik asitler gibi fenolik yapıda bileşikler) ve oranları ile ilgili bilgiler verilmiştir. Güçlü antioksidan aktivitesi nedeniyle birçok kronik ve dejeneratif hastalık üzerinde tedavi edici etkisi olduğuna, ayrıca antiinflamatuvar, antidiyabetik, antimutajenik ve kardiyoprotektif aktivite gösterdiğine ilişkin detaylı veriler bulunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antioksidan, antosiyanin, Aronia melanocarpa, biyolojik aktivite, fenolik bileşikler

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF ARONIA SP. BERRIES

Öz

Objective: Aronia species have bacca (berry) type fruits and contain high amount of phenolics especially anthocyanins. Due to their rich chemical content and strong antioxidant activity, they are called functional food, their uses and cultivation is becoming widespread in the world. In this review, the data on the chemical composition, biological activity of Aronia fruits, and current researches on the fruits are presented.

Result and Discussion: Besides the traditional use of Aronia fruits, their chemical composition and their role in the treatment and protection of diseases have been presented. Information about percentages and structures of main compounds (phenolic compounds such as cyanidin glycosides, flavonoids, procyanidins, and phenolic acids) which are responsible for bioactivity of berries are mentioned. Detailed data are available on the therapeutic effects of fruits on many chronic and degenerative diseases thanks to the their strong antioxidant activity, Also there are substantial studies regarding anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antimutagenic, and cardioprotective activities of Aronia fruits.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aronia melanocarpa, Anthocyanin, antioxidant, biological activity, phenolic compounds

Kaynakça

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