Araştırma Makalesi

Development, Characterization and Antimicrobial Potential of a New Natural Based Sunscreen Formulation

Cilt: 10 Sayı: 4 31 Aralık 2025
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Development, Characterization and Antimicrobial Potential of a New Natural Based Sunscreen Formulation

Öz

Backround This study aimed to formulate a natural sunscreen containing botanical extracts and to evaluate its physicochemical stability, spectroscopic characteristics, particle size distribution and antimicrobial performance. The assessment focused on the clinical relevance of pH, viscosity, UV absorption capacity and microbial safety parameters. Materials and Methods The sunscreen formulation was prepared as a 100 g batch by separately heating the oil and aqueous phases containing emulsifiers, emollients, stabilizers and chelating agents to 60 °C. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using a disk diffusion method against E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. hirae, and C. albicans, employing standardized inocula, appropriate controls, and measurement of inhibition zones. Results The formulation demonstrated a skin-compatible pH of 7.15 and a viscosity of 16,900 cP under controlled conditions. FT-IR analysis identified characteristic peaks at 2917 cm-1 and 2853 cm⁻¹ (Shea Butter), 3358 cm⁻¹ (green tea polyphenols) and 1635 cm⁻¹ (Aloe vera), confirming the integrity of natural actives. UV-Vis spectroscopy showed strong absorption around 220 nm, with significant activity across 230–300 nm, indicating effective UVC–UVB protection. Antimicrobial testing showed minimal diffusion based activity: inhibition zones ranged from 6.00 ± 0.33 mm for E. coli to 8.00 ± 0.67 mm for E. hirae and C. albicans. Compared to ofloxacin (17–33 mm) and nystatin (25 mm). Conclusion The natural nanosized sunscreen exhibited favorable physicochemical stability, effective UV absorption properties and structurally validated biological components. The antimicrobial formulation has demonstrated protective efficacy suitable for cosmetic use. Overall, the results support the sunscreen’s potential as a safe, stable and biocompatible topical product for routine skin protection.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Tıbbi Bakteriyoloji

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Gözde Güler Bu kişi benim
Türkiye

Emirhan Şallı Bu kişi benim
Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Aralık 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

1 Aralık 2025

Kabul Tarihi

28 Aralık 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA
Kalay, Ş., Güler, G., Şallı, E., & Bozyel, M. E. (2025). Development, Characterization and Antimicrobial Potential of a New Natural Based Sunscreen Formulation. Journal of Immunology and Clinical Microbiology, 10(4), 108-120. https://doi.org/10.58854/jicm.1833905
AMA
1.Kalay Ş, Güler G, Şallı E, Bozyel ME. Development, Characterization and Antimicrobial Potential of a New Natural Based Sunscreen Formulation. J Immunol Clin Microbiol. 2025;10(4):108-120. doi:10.58854/jicm.1833905
Chicago
Kalay, Şaban, Gözde Güler, Emirhan Şallı, ve Mustafa Eray Bozyel. 2025. “Development, Characterization and Antimicrobial Potential of a New Natural Based Sunscreen Formulation”. Journal of Immunology and Clinical Microbiology 10 (4): 108-20. https://doi.org/10.58854/jicm.1833905.
EndNote
Kalay Ş, Güler G, Şallı E, Bozyel ME (01 Aralık 2025) Development, Characterization and Antimicrobial Potential of a New Natural Based Sunscreen Formulation. Journal of Immunology and Clinical Microbiology 10 4 108–120.
IEEE
[1]Ş. Kalay, G. Güler, E. Şallı, ve M. E. Bozyel, “Development, Characterization and Antimicrobial Potential of a New Natural Based Sunscreen Formulation”, J Immunol Clin Microbiol, c. 10, sy 4, ss. 108–120, Ara. 2025, doi: 10.58854/jicm.1833905.
ISNAD
Kalay, Şaban - Güler, Gözde - Şallı, Emirhan - Bozyel, Mustafa Eray. “Development, Characterization and Antimicrobial Potential of a New Natural Based Sunscreen Formulation”. Journal of Immunology and Clinical Microbiology 10/4 (01 Aralık 2025): 108-120. https://doi.org/10.58854/jicm.1833905.
JAMA
1.Kalay Ş, Güler G, Şallı E, Bozyel ME. Development, Characterization and Antimicrobial Potential of a New Natural Based Sunscreen Formulation. J Immunol Clin Microbiol. 2025;10:108–120.
MLA
Kalay, Şaban, vd. “Development, Characterization and Antimicrobial Potential of a New Natural Based Sunscreen Formulation”. Journal of Immunology and Clinical Microbiology, c. 10, sy 4, Aralık 2025, ss. 108-20, doi:10.58854/jicm.1833905.
Vancouver
1.Şaban Kalay, Gözde Güler, Emirhan Şallı, Mustafa Eray Bozyel. Development, Characterization and Antimicrobial Potential of a New Natural Based Sunscreen Formulation. J Immunol Clin Microbiol. 01 Aralık 2025;10(4):108-20. doi:10.58854/jicm.1833905

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