On the Quantum Computation and Quantum Information

Öz

Quantum mechanics is considered to be the most important achievement and mysterious scientific theory in mid-1900. Then it was successfully applied to understand a wide variety of physical phenomena including fundamental forces of nature, nuclear physics, superconductors, etc. Toward the end of 1900, people began to ask whether a quantum system can actually be designed instead of looking at them just a phenomena found in nature. Some of the question of interests are: what are the fundamental physical limitation son space and time required to construct a quantum state? What makes quantum systems difficult to simulate by conventional classical means? In this study, we present the basic concepts of quantum bits and quantum calculators and compare them with their classical counterparts. We also address the main challenges faced when aiming to simulate a quantum system. Frequently used quantum gates are presented.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Quantum computation
• Quantum Information
• classical and. quantum computation

Kuantum Hesaplama ve Kuantum Bilgisi Hakkında

Öz

Kuantum mekaniği, 1900'lerin ortalarında en önemli başarı ve en gizemli bilimsel teori olarak kabul edilir. Daha sonra, doğanın temel kuvvetleri, nükleer fizik, süper iletkenler vb. dahil olmak üzere çok çeşitli fiziksel fenomenleri anlamak için başarıyla uygulandı. 1900’lerin sonlarına doğru, insanlar sadece doğada bulunan bir kuantum olaylarını incelemek yerine gerçek kuantum sisteminin tasarlanıp tasarlanamayacağını sormaya başladılar. Bununla ilgili olarak ele alınan bazı sorular şunlardır: Bir kuantum durum oluşturmak için gereken uzay ve zaman üzerindeki temel fiziksel sınırlamalar nelerdir? Kuantum sistemlerinin geleneksel klasik yöntemlerle simüle edilmesini zorlaştıran nedir? Bu çalışmada kuantum biti ve kuantum hesaplayıcılar ile ilgili temel kavramları sunuyoruz ve klasik eşlenikleri ile karşılaştırıyoruz. Ayrıca bir kuantum sisteminin simüle edilmesi hedeflendiğinde karşılaşılan temel zorluklara değiniyoruz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kuantum hesabı
• Kuantum bilgisi
• Klasik ve Kuantum hesaplama

Kaynakça

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