Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach for Agile Outsourcing Provider Selection in COVID-19: An Application in Turkish White Goods Industr

Öz

The concept of agility in project management has emerged to enhance traditional project management methodologies that are sequential and linear. An agile project includes planned processes as well as iterations. In global competitive environments, obtaining agility in outsourcing processes allows the companies to handle the changes and dynamic issues. In today's COVID-19 pandemic conditions, the importance of agility concept increases compared to the preCOVID-19 pandemic period. In addition, providing agility in outsourcing processes enables to overcome the changes in the competitive markets and dynamic problems. In this study, intuitionistic fuzzy COPRAS method, which aims to obtain a solution relative to the ideal solution, is used to rank agile outsourcing provider alternatives and identify the best performing one among them. Intuitionistic fuzzy sets are used to deal with loss of information and hesitation in data that may occur in operations with fuzzy numbers. The application of the proposed intuitionistic fuzzy decision-making approach is illustrated by conducting a case study for an outsourced information technology-based project in Turkish white goods industry during the COVID-19 period. For that reason, five provider alternatives are proposed, and 13 evaluation criteria are utilized. The applied decision approach provides including intuitionistic fuzzy numbers into the decision framework for expressing experts’ opinions, hence hesitation is computed. The proposed decision model integrates the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the agile outsourcing provider evaluation/selection framework.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COPRAS
• COVID-19 pandemic
• agile outsourcing provider selection
• agility concept
• multi-criteria decision making
• project management
• intuitionistic fuzzy sets.

COVID-19 Pandemisi Döneminde Çevik Dış Kaynak Sağlayıcısı Seçimi Problemi İçin Sezgisel Bulanık Çok Ölçütlü Karar Verme Yöntemi: Türk Beyaz Eşya Sektöründe Bir Uygulama

Öz

Proje yönetiminde çeviklik kavramı, sıralı ve doğrusal olan geleneksel proje yönetimi metodolojilerini geliştirmek için ortaya çıkmıştır. Çevik bir proje, yinelemelerin yanı sıra planlanmış süreçleri de içermektedir. Rekabetin fazla olduğu global alanlarda dış kaynak kullanılan süreçlerde çevikliğin sağlanması, şirketlerin değişimlere ve dinamik çevrelere uyum sağlayabilmesi açısından faydalıdır. Günümüz COVID-19 pandemisi koşullarında çeviklik kavramının önemi eskiye oranla daha da artmaktadır. Ayrıca, dış kaynak kullanımı süreçlerinde çeviklik kavramının sağlanması, piyasalardaki değişimlerin ve dinamik sorunların üstesinden gelinmesini sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, çevik dış kaynak sağlayıcısı alternatiflerini sıralamak ve aralarından en iyi performans göstereni belirlemek için ideal çözüme göre bir çözüm elde etmeyi amaçlayan sezgisel bulanık COPRAS yaklaşımı kullanılmaktadır. Sezgisel bulanık kümeler, bulanık sayılarla yapılan işlemlerde meydana gelebilecek bilgi kayıpları ve verilerdeki tereddüt ile başa çıkmak için kullanılmaktadır. Sezgisel bulanık karar verme yaklaşımının uygulaması COVID-19 döneminde Türk beyaz eşya endüstrisinde bir dış kaynak sağlayıcısı tarafından uzaktan yürütülecek bilgi teknolojileri tabanlı proje için bir vaka çalışması yapılarak sağlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, beş adet alternatif dış kaynak sağlayıcısı önerilmiş ve 13 adet seçim kriteri kullanılmıştır. Uygulanan yaklaşım, uzmanların görüşlerini ifade etmek için sezgisel bulanık sayıların kullanılmasını sağlamakta, böylece verilerdeki tereddüt hesap edilebilmektedir. Önerilen karar modeli, COVID-19 pandemisinin etkilerini çevik dış kaynak sağlayıcı değerlendirme/seçim karar çerçevesine dahil etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COPRAS
• COVID-19 pandemisi
• çevik dış kaynak sağlayıcısı seçimi
• çeviklik kavramı
• çok ölçütlü karar verme
• proje yönetimi
• sezgisel bulanık kümeler.

Kaynakça

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