Effects of Short Term Pollen Storage on Fruit Set, Seed Number and Seed Germination Rate in Cut Rose Hybridization

Öz

Roses are known for their low pollen quality. It remains unclear how many days of pollen should be used in order not to reduce crossbreeding success. The study was conducted to determine whether short-term pollen storage is effective on the crossing success of roses comparatively in vivo and in vitro. The study was conducted in a greenhouse and a cytology laboratory at Ankara University, Turkey. The 'Avalanche' rose variety was used as the seed parent, and 'Magnum' was the pollen parent. A total of 210 crosses were made. Pollens were used immediately (day 0) and stored at +4°C for 6 days after collection. The pollen viability by IKI and the germination rates by the petri dish method, the fruit and seed set, the fruit and seed weight, and the seed germination rate were recorded. All examined traits showed a decreasing trend as the storage time increases. The pollen germination rates were recorded at 1.63% for stored pollen at six days and 15.27% for fresh pollen. The highest fruit and seed set rates were obtained from crossing with pollen stored for one day. The fruit set decreased below 10% as of the 5th day, and the seed numbers decreased 1.8 times compared to one day of storage. No germination was observed in seeds obtained from crosses with pollen stored for 5 or 6 days. A positive correlation was found between seed number and pollen germination rate. The study concluded that successful crossing could be made with pollen stored at +4°C for up to 3 days.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• IKI
• Hybridization
• Cut flower
• Pollen germination
• Seed set

Kesme Gül Islahında Polen Yaşının Meyve Tutumu, Tohum Sayısı ve Tohum Çimlenme Oranı Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Güller, düşük polen kalitesi ile bilinmektedir. Melezleme başarısını arttırmak için polenlerin kaç gün süre ile kullanılması gerektiği belirsizliğini korumaktadır. Bu çalışma, in vivo ve in vitro koşullarda karşılaştırmalı olarak, kısa süreli polen depolamanın güllerde melezleme başarısı üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada anne ebeveyn olarak 'Avalanche' gül çeşidi ve polen ebeveyni olarak 'Magnum' çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Toplam 210 adet tozlama yapılmıştır. Polenler toplandıktan hemen sonra (0. gün), ve +4°C’de depolanarak 6 gün süreyle kullanılmıştır. IKI yöntemi ile polen canlılığı ve petride agar yöntemi ile çimlenme oranı, meyve ve tohum tutumu, meyve ve tohum ağırlığı ve tohum çimlenme oranı incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda incelenen tüm özelliklerin zamanla azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Polen çimlenme oranı altı gün depolanan polen için %1.63 ve taze polen için ise %15.27 olarak kaydedilmiştir. En yüksek meyve ve tohum tutma oranı bir gün boyunca depolanan polen ile tozlamadan elde edilmiştir. 5. gün itibariyle meyve tutumu %10’un altına düşmüş, bir günlük depolamaya göre tohum sayısı 1.8 kat azalmıştır. 5 ve 6 gün depolanan polenler ile yapılan tozlamalardan elde edilen tohumlarda çimlenme görülmemiştir. Tohum sayısı ile polen çimlenme oranı arasında pozitif bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Çalışma sonuçları, +4°C’de 3 güne kadar saklanan polenlerle başarılı bir tozlama yapılabileceğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Melezleme
• kesme çiçek
• polen çimlenme oranı
• tohum tutumu
• IKI

Kaynakça

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