Detection of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus (AMV) in Potato Production Areas in Hatay Province of Turkey
Yıl 2017,
Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 23 - 29, 31.03.2017
Gülşen Sertkaya
,
Hakan Çarpar
,
Erdal Sertkaya
Öz
Symptomatic potato plants were found to be infected with Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) during the
studies in potato growing areas in Hatay province in 2009 and 2010. Suspected plant samples were taken from
different potato cultivars and weeds in 2014-2015 due to determine of the presence and prevalence of AMV and its
other hosts in the felds. Potential vector species as Aphis fabae Scopoli, A. gossypii Glover, A. solanella Theobald,
Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) and Rhopalosiphum padi L. were intensively found
on weeds in the potato felds. Potato leaf samples showing yellow spots and patterns, and then severe chlorosis
were detected by serological (DAS ELISA: Double antibody sandwich-Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) and
biological indexing methods. AMV was detected in Physalis angulata by the rate of 15.3% in 2014. Although,
AMV infection was found in low levels in symptomatic potato plants in 2014 and 2015 (5.4% and 4.6%), AMV
is important in Amik plain due to the virus can be transmitted by vector aphids to weeds and other crops mainly
growing in Amik plain such as alfalfa, tomato and pepper or from these sources to potatoes. AMV infection began
to be affected potatoes grown in Hatay during the last few years. Seed tubers infected by AMV are thought to be
the source of the virus infection of potatoes growing in Hatay-Turkey. For monitoring of the status of the virus in
potato felds over the years, the studies on AMV infection on potatoes, weeds and other hosts are in progress
Kaynakça
- Adams JB and Kelley RA, 1950. Potato aphid control studies, 1946- 1949, at Woodstock, N.B., Canada. Am Potato J, 27:175-182.
- Al-Saleh MA, Amer MA, Al-Shahwan IM, Abdalla and OA, Shakeel MT, 2014. Molecular characterization of two alfalfa mosaic virus isolates infecting potato crop in central region of Saudi Arabia. Int. J. Agric. Biol.,16: 976-980.
- Bostan H and Haliloğlu K, 2004. Distribution of PLRV, PVS, PVX and PVY (PVYN, PVYO and PVYC) in the seed potato tubers in Turkey. Pakistan J. Biological Sciences. 7(7): 1140-1143.
- Brunt AA and Loebenstein G, 2001. The Main Viruses Infecting Potato Crops, In: Virus and Virus-like Diseases of Potatoes and Production of Seed- potatoes. Eds: Loebenstein G, Berger PH, Brunt AA and Lawson RH. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands: 65-134.
- Clark MF and Adams AN, 1977. Charecteristic of microplate method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay fordetection of plant viruses. J. Gen. Virol., 34: 475-483.
- Clark MF, 1981. Immunosorbent assay in Plant Patholgy. A. Rev. Phytopath., 19: 83-10.
- Çıtır A, 1982. Erzurum ve Çevresinde Tohumluk Patateslerdeki Virüs Hastalıkları ve Bunların Tanılanması Üzerinde Bazı Araştırmalar. Doğa Bilim Dergisi, Vet. Hayv. Orm., 6(3): 99-109.
- Eastop VF, 1977. Wordwide Importance of Aphids Virus Vectors. In: Aphids as Virus Vectors. Eds: Haris, KF and Maramorosch K., Academic Press, New York, USA: 3-61.
- Edwardson JR, Christie RG, 1997. Potyviruses. In: Florida Agricultural Experiment Station Monograph Series 18-II – Viruses Infecting Pepper and Other Solanaceous Crops. Gainesville, FL: University of Florida: 424-524.
- Edwardson JR and Christie RG, 1986. Viruses infecting forage legumes. Vol. I. Fla. Agric. Exp. Stn. Monogr., 14. 742 p.
FAO 2014. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Statistics Division. http://www.faostat.fao.org. (Erişim tarihi: 14 Ağustos, 2014).
- Fidan H, Adak NA, Konuksal A, Akerzurumlu E and Yılmaz MA, 2012. Occurrence of Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) diseases on potato crops in Northern Cyprus. V. Balkan Symposium on Vegetables and Potatoes. Eds. Balliu A., Gruda N. 30 September, 2012. Tirana, Albania.
- Gümüş M ve Erkan S, 1998. Ayvalık ve Altınova Yörelerinde Üretilen Patates Çeşitlerinin Yumrularında Bulunan Virüslerin Belirlenmesi Üzerinde Araştırmalar. VIII. Türkiye Fitopatoloji Kongresi Bildirileri, Ankara: 348-350.
- Güner Ü, Yorgancı Ü, 2006. Niğde ve Nevşehir illeri patates ekiliş alanlarında saptanan viral etmenler. Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 46 (1-4): 35-49.
- Hille Ris Lambers, D, 1972: Aphids: their life cycles and their role as virus vectors. Chapter 3. In: de Bokx, J.A. ed. Viruses of potatoes and seed-potato production. Wageningen, Pudoc.:37-56.
- Jasper EMJ and Bos L, 1980. Alfalfa mosaic virus. Association of Applied Biologists Description of Plant Viruses No.229.
- Kolbe, W, 1970. Influence of direct feeding damage on yields of heavily aphid-infested potato crops. Pfanzenschutz-Nachr, 23:273-282.
- Özdemir S, Erilmez S, Paylan Cİ, 2011. Ege Bölgesi Patates Üretim Alanlarında Alfalfa mosaic alfamovirus’ün Serolojik ve Moleküler Olarak Tanılanması. Türkiye IV. Bitki Koruma Kongresi Bildirileri: 410.
- Radcliffe EB and Ragsdale DW, 2002. Aphid-transmitted Potato viruses: The Importance of Understanding Vector Biology. Amer J of Potato Res,) 79: 353-386.
- Radcliffe EB, 1982. Insect pests of Potato. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 27: 173-204.
- Ragsdale DW, Radcliffe EB and DiFonzo CD, 2001. Epidemiology and field control of PVY and PLRV. In: Virus and Virus-like Diseases of Potatoes and Production of Seed-potatoes. Eds. Loebenstein G., PH Berger, AA Brunt and RH Lawson. Huwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht: 237-270.
- Robert Y and Bourdin D, 2001. Aphid Transmission of Potato Viruses. In: Virus and Virus-like Diseases of Potatoes and Production of Seed-potatoes. Eds: Loebenstein, G, Berger PH, Brunt AA and Lawson R.H, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht: 195-225.
- Robert Y, 1971. Épidémiologie de I’enroulement de la Pomme de Tere: Capacité Vectrice de Stades et de Formes des Pucerons Aulacorthum solani Kltb. Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas et Myzus persicae Sulz. Potato Res., 14: 130-139.
- Sabry YM Mahmoud, Abdel-Sabour GA Khaled and Petrzik K, 2010. Differentiation Study Between Alfalfa Mosaic Virus and Red Clover Mottle Virus Affecting Broad Bean by Biological and Molecular Characterization. International Journal of Virology, 6: 224-239.
- Sahtiyancı Ş, 1990. Seed Potato Production and Potato Virus Diseases (translated book). Matbaa Teknisyenleri Basımevi, İstanbul, Turkey.
- Sertkaya E and Sertkaya G, 2005. Aphid Transmission of Two Important Potato Viruses, PVY and PLRV by Myzus persicae (Sulz.) and Aphis gossypii (Glov.) in Hatay Province of Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 8(9): 1242-1246.
- Sertkaya G ve Çalışkan ME, 2009. Hatay ilinde yetiştirilen patateslerde yumrularda simptom oluşturan önemli virüslerin serolojik ve biyolojik yöntemlerle araştırılması. Türkiye VIII. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi, 19-22 Ekim, Hatay, Cilt II : 227-230.
- Sertkaya G, 2013. Status of Potato Production and Virus Diseases in Turkey. 15th European Association for Potato Research (EAPR) Virology Section Meeting. (28-31 May, Antalya, Turkey): 7.
- Sertkaya G, Üremiş İ and Sertkaya E, 2013. Weeds as Reservoirs for Virus Diseases and Their Vectors in Potato Fields in Amik Plain-Turkey. 15th European Association for Potato Research (EAPR) Virology Section Meeting. (28-31 May, Antalya, Turkey): 29.
- Sertkaya G, Üremiş İ, Sertkaya E, Kaya K ve Çalışkan ME, 2009. Amik Ovasında patates alanlarındaki yabancı ot türlerinin yoğunlukları ile bazı önemli patates virüsleri ve vektörleri yönünden araştırılması. Türkiye VIII. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi, 19-22 Ekim, Hatay, Cilt I : 143-145.
- Shands WA, Simpson GW, Seaman BA, Roberts FS and Flynn CM, 1972. Effects of differing abundance levels of aphids and of certain virus diseases upon yield and virus disease spread in potatoes. Life Sci Agric Exp Stn, Univ Maine, Tech Bull 56: 40 pp.
- Thomas JE, Massalski PR and Harrison BD, 1986. Production of monoclonal antibodies to African cassava mosaic virus and differences in their reactivities with other whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses. Journal of General Virology, 67: 2739-2748.
- TUİK, 2015. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. http://www.tuik.gov.tr. (Erişim tarihi: 01 Nisan, 2016).
- Valkonen JPT, Pehu E and Watanabe K, 1992. Symptom expression and seed transmission of alfalfa mosaic virus and potato yellowing virus and potato yellowing virus (SB-22) in Solanum brevidens and S. tuberosum. Potato Res., 35: 403-410.
- Van Emden HF and Harrington R, 2007. Aphids as Crop Pests. CAB Int., UK. 717 p.
- Van Regenmortel, MHV, Fauquet CM, Bishop DHL, Carstens EB, Estes MK, Lemon SM, Maniloff J, Mayo MA, McGeoch DJ, Pringle CR and
Wickner RB, 2000. Virus Taxonomy. Seventh Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). San Diego: Academic Press. 1167 p.
- Verhoeven JTJ and Roenhorst JW, 2003. Detection of a broad range of potato viruses in a single assay by mechanical inoculation of herbaceous test plants. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin 33: 305-311.
- Yılmaz MA, Baloğlu S and Nas YZ, 1990. Çukurova Bölgesi’nde yetiştirilen turfanda patateslerde patates yaprak kıvırcıklık virüsünün (PLRV) ELISA testi ile surveyi. Ç.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(3): 95-106.
Hatay İli Patates Üretim Alanlarında Yonca Mozaik Virüsü (Alfalfa Mosaic Virus: AMV)’nün Araştırılması
Yıl 2017,
Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 23 - 29, 31.03.2017
Gülşen Sertkaya
,
Hakan Çarpar
,
Erdal Sertkaya
Öz
Hatay ili patates alanlarında 2009 ve 2010 yıllarında yapılan çalışmalarda Yonca mozaik virüsü (Alfalfa
mosaic virus: AMV) ile enfekteli olabileceğinden şüphelenilen simptomlu patates bitkileri belirlenmiştir. Patates
alanlarında AMV’nin varlığı ve yaygınlığı ile diğer konukçularını belirlemek üzere 2014-2015 yıllarında farklı
çeşitlere ait patates tarlalarından şüpheli bitki örnekleri alınmıştır. İncelenen patates tarlalarında özellikle yabancı
otlar üzerinde yoğun olarak AMV potansiyel vektörü olan Aphis fabae Scopoli, A. gossypii Glover, A. solanella
Theobald, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) ve Rhopalosiphum padi L. türleri
belirlenmiştir. Sarı desenler, lekeler ve daha sonra şiddetli kloroz gösteren patates yaprak örneği serolojik (DAS
ELISA: Double antibody sandwich-Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) ve biyolojik indeksleme (mekanik
inokulasyon) yöntemleri ile incelenmiştir. Ülkemizde Hatay ilinde yetiştirilen patateste son birkaç yıldır AMV’nin
enfeksiyon oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir. Yabancı ot türlerinden Physalis angulata örneklerinde 2014 yılında %15.3
oranında AMV enfeksiyonu belirlenmiştir. Simptomlu patates bitkilerinde AMV enfeksiyonu 2014 ve 2015 üretim
dönemlerinde %5.4 ve %4.6 olarak bulunmuştur. AMV’nin patateste düşük seviyelerde enfeksiyon oluşturmasına
rağmen, özellikle Amik Ovası’nda yetiştirilen yonca, domates ve biber gibi diğer kültür bitkileri ile yabacı otlar
veya bu kaynaklardan patatese virüsün vektör yaprak bitleri ile taşınabilmesi nedeni ile Hatay ilinde patateste
AMV enfeksiyonu belirlenmesi önem taşımaktadır. Hatay ilinde patates bitkilerinde son birkaç yıldır görülmeye
başlayan AMV enfeksiyonu için il dışından gelen enfekteli tohumluk yumruların kaynak olduğu düşünülmektedir.
AMV’nin yıllara içinde patates alanlarındaki durumunu izlemek için patates, yabancı otlar ve diğer konukçuları ile
ilgili çalışmalar devam etmektedir
Kaynakça
- Adams JB and Kelley RA, 1950. Potato aphid control studies, 1946- 1949, at Woodstock, N.B., Canada. Am Potato J, 27:175-182.
- Al-Saleh MA, Amer MA, Al-Shahwan IM, Abdalla and OA, Shakeel MT, 2014. Molecular characterization of two alfalfa mosaic virus isolates infecting potato crop in central region of Saudi Arabia. Int. J. Agric. Biol.,16: 976-980.
- Bostan H and Haliloğlu K, 2004. Distribution of PLRV, PVS, PVX and PVY (PVYN, PVYO and PVYC) in the seed potato tubers in Turkey. Pakistan J. Biological Sciences. 7(7): 1140-1143.
- Brunt AA and Loebenstein G, 2001. The Main Viruses Infecting Potato Crops, In: Virus and Virus-like Diseases of Potatoes and Production of Seed- potatoes. Eds: Loebenstein G, Berger PH, Brunt AA and Lawson RH. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands: 65-134.
- Clark MF and Adams AN, 1977. Charecteristic of microplate method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay fordetection of plant viruses. J. Gen. Virol., 34: 475-483.
- Clark MF, 1981. Immunosorbent assay in Plant Patholgy. A. Rev. Phytopath., 19: 83-10.
- Çıtır A, 1982. Erzurum ve Çevresinde Tohumluk Patateslerdeki Virüs Hastalıkları ve Bunların Tanılanması Üzerinde Bazı Araştırmalar. Doğa Bilim Dergisi, Vet. Hayv. Orm., 6(3): 99-109.
- Eastop VF, 1977. Wordwide Importance of Aphids Virus Vectors. In: Aphids as Virus Vectors. Eds: Haris, KF and Maramorosch K., Academic Press, New York, USA: 3-61.
- Edwardson JR, Christie RG, 1997. Potyviruses. In: Florida Agricultural Experiment Station Monograph Series 18-II – Viruses Infecting Pepper and Other Solanaceous Crops. Gainesville, FL: University of Florida: 424-524.
- Edwardson JR and Christie RG, 1986. Viruses infecting forage legumes. Vol. I. Fla. Agric. Exp. Stn. Monogr., 14. 742 p.
FAO 2014. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Statistics Division. http://www.faostat.fao.org. (Erişim tarihi: 14 Ağustos, 2014).
- Fidan H, Adak NA, Konuksal A, Akerzurumlu E and Yılmaz MA, 2012. Occurrence of Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) diseases on potato crops in Northern Cyprus. V. Balkan Symposium on Vegetables and Potatoes. Eds. Balliu A., Gruda N. 30 September, 2012. Tirana, Albania.
- Gümüş M ve Erkan S, 1998. Ayvalık ve Altınova Yörelerinde Üretilen Patates Çeşitlerinin Yumrularında Bulunan Virüslerin Belirlenmesi Üzerinde Araştırmalar. VIII. Türkiye Fitopatoloji Kongresi Bildirileri, Ankara: 348-350.
- Güner Ü, Yorgancı Ü, 2006. Niğde ve Nevşehir illeri patates ekiliş alanlarında saptanan viral etmenler. Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 46 (1-4): 35-49.
- Hille Ris Lambers, D, 1972: Aphids: their life cycles and their role as virus vectors. Chapter 3. In: de Bokx, J.A. ed. Viruses of potatoes and seed-potato production. Wageningen, Pudoc.:37-56.
- Jasper EMJ and Bos L, 1980. Alfalfa mosaic virus. Association of Applied Biologists Description of Plant Viruses No.229.
- Kolbe, W, 1970. Influence of direct feeding damage on yields of heavily aphid-infested potato crops. Pfanzenschutz-Nachr, 23:273-282.
- Özdemir S, Erilmez S, Paylan Cİ, 2011. Ege Bölgesi Patates Üretim Alanlarında Alfalfa mosaic alfamovirus’ün Serolojik ve Moleküler Olarak Tanılanması. Türkiye IV. Bitki Koruma Kongresi Bildirileri: 410.
- Radcliffe EB and Ragsdale DW, 2002. Aphid-transmitted Potato viruses: The Importance of Understanding Vector Biology. Amer J of Potato Res,) 79: 353-386.
- Radcliffe EB, 1982. Insect pests of Potato. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 27: 173-204.
- Ragsdale DW, Radcliffe EB and DiFonzo CD, 2001. Epidemiology and field control of PVY and PLRV. In: Virus and Virus-like Diseases of Potatoes and Production of Seed-potatoes. Eds. Loebenstein G., PH Berger, AA Brunt and RH Lawson. Huwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht: 237-270.
- Robert Y and Bourdin D, 2001. Aphid Transmission of Potato Viruses. In: Virus and Virus-like Diseases of Potatoes and Production of Seed-potatoes. Eds: Loebenstein, G, Berger PH, Brunt AA and Lawson R.H, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht: 195-225.
- Robert Y, 1971. Épidémiologie de I’enroulement de la Pomme de Tere: Capacité Vectrice de Stades et de Formes des Pucerons Aulacorthum solani Kltb. Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas et Myzus persicae Sulz. Potato Res., 14: 130-139.
- Sabry YM Mahmoud, Abdel-Sabour GA Khaled and Petrzik K, 2010. Differentiation Study Between Alfalfa Mosaic Virus and Red Clover Mottle Virus Affecting Broad Bean by Biological and Molecular Characterization. International Journal of Virology, 6: 224-239.
- Sahtiyancı Ş, 1990. Seed Potato Production and Potato Virus Diseases (translated book). Matbaa Teknisyenleri Basımevi, İstanbul, Turkey.
- Sertkaya E and Sertkaya G, 2005. Aphid Transmission of Two Important Potato Viruses, PVY and PLRV by Myzus persicae (Sulz.) and Aphis gossypii (Glov.) in Hatay Province of Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 8(9): 1242-1246.
- Sertkaya G ve Çalışkan ME, 2009. Hatay ilinde yetiştirilen patateslerde yumrularda simptom oluşturan önemli virüslerin serolojik ve biyolojik yöntemlerle araştırılması. Türkiye VIII. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi, 19-22 Ekim, Hatay, Cilt II : 227-230.
- Sertkaya G, 2013. Status of Potato Production and Virus Diseases in Turkey. 15th European Association for Potato Research (EAPR) Virology Section Meeting. (28-31 May, Antalya, Turkey): 7.
- Sertkaya G, Üremiş İ and Sertkaya E, 2013. Weeds as Reservoirs for Virus Diseases and Their Vectors in Potato Fields in Amik Plain-Turkey. 15th European Association for Potato Research (EAPR) Virology Section Meeting. (28-31 May, Antalya, Turkey): 29.
- Sertkaya G, Üremiş İ, Sertkaya E, Kaya K ve Çalışkan ME, 2009. Amik Ovasında patates alanlarındaki yabancı ot türlerinin yoğunlukları ile bazı önemli patates virüsleri ve vektörleri yönünden araştırılması. Türkiye VIII. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi, 19-22 Ekim, Hatay, Cilt I : 143-145.
- Shands WA, Simpson GW, Seaman BA, Roberts FS and Flynn CM, 1972. Effects of differing abundance levels of aphids and of certain virus diseases upon yield and virus disease spread in potatoes. Life Sci Agric Exp Stn, Univ Maine, Tech Bull 56: 40 pp.
- Thomas JE, Massalski PR and Harrison BD, 1986. Production of monoclonal antibodies to African cassava mosaic virus and differences in their reactivities with other whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses. Journal of General Virology, 67: 2739-2748.
- TUİK, 2015. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. http://www.tuik.gov.tr. (Erişim tarihi: 01 Nisan, 2016).
- Valkonen JPT, Pehu E and Watanabe K, 1992. Symptom expression and seed transmission of alfalfa mosaic virus and potato yellowing virus and potato yellowing virus (SB-22) in Solanum brevidens and S. tuberosum. Potato Res., 35: 403-410.
- Van Emden HF and Harrington R, 2007. Aphids as Crop Pests. CAB Int., UK. 717 p.
- Van Regenmortel, MHV, Fauquet CM, Bishop DHL, Carstens EB, Estes MK, Lemon SM, Maniloff J, Mayo MA, McGeoch DJ, Pringle CR and
Wickner RB, 2000. Virus Taxonomy. Seventh Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). San Diego: Academic Press. 1167 p.
- Verhoeven JTJ and Roenhorst JW, 2003. Detection of a broad range of potato viruses in a single assay by mechanical inoculation of herbaceous test plants. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin 33: 305-311.
- Yılmaz MA, Baloğlu S and Nas YZ, 1990. Çukurova Bölgesi’nde yetiştirilen turfanda patateslerde patates yaprak kıvırcıklık virüsünün (PLRV) ELISA testi ile surveyi. Ç.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(3): 95-106.