Antifungal and Herbicidal Activity of Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don against Some Plant Pathogenic Fungi and Cuscuta campestris Yunck

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 37 - 43, 31.03.2018

Abdurrahman Onaran Melih Yılar

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.407807

Cited By: 2

Öz

The antifungal and herbicidal activity of Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don aqueous plant extracts

were evaluated against important plant pathogenic fungi (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Lib. De Bary, Alternaria solani

(Ellis & G. Martin) Sorauer, Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, and Botrytis cinerea Pers.,) and Cuscuta

campestris Yunck. Antifungal activity experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions and herbicidal

activity was tested in the greenhouses. The leaves, root and flowers of aqueous extracts of T. orientalis at 1, 3,

5, 7, 10 and 20% doses were applied on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and tested to plant diseases, and the dose

of 5% of flowers and leaves aqueous extracts of T. orientalis were examined on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

and sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) against C. campestris. Antifungal activity displayed differences inhibited effects

on mycelium growth of plant pathogenic fungi according to increasing extract dose and plant pathogenic fungi.

The results showed that mycelial growth inhibitions were found effective in all extracts (leaf, flower and root) on S.

sclerotiorum 0 to 100%, on A. solani 21 to 100%, on P. infestans 25 to 100% and, on B. cinerea 0 to 100% depending

on the extract dose. According to herbicidal activity result the development of C. campestris has been reduced by

looking the fresh (in tabocco: 0.3639 g and in sugar beet:0.6749 g) and dry (leaf extracts: in tabacco:0.0675 g and

sugar beet: 0.1546 g; flower extracts: in tobacco 0.3246 g and sugar beet: 0.3421g) weight.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antifungal activity, Cuscuta campestris, herbicidal activity, plant extract, Trachystemon orientalis

Bazı Bitki Patojeni Funguslar ve Cuscuta campestris Yunck.’a Karşı Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don’un Antifungal ve Herbisidal Aktivitesi

Öz

Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don bitkisinin su ekstraktlarının bitki patojeni funguslara (Sclerotinia

sclerotiorum Lib. De Bary, Alternaria solani (Ellis& G. Martin) Sorauer, Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary,

ve Botrytis cinerea Pers.,) ve Cuscuta campestris Yunck. karşı antifungal ve herbisidal aktiviteleri belirlenmiştir.

Antifungal aktivite denemeleri laboratuvar koşullarında, herbisit etkinlik denemeleri ise sera koşullarında

yürütülmüştür. T. orientalis’in %1, 3, 5, 7, 10 ve 20 dozundaki yaprak, kök ve çiçek ekstraklarının bitki patojenlerine

karşı Patates Dekstroz Agar (PDA) ortamı üzerinde antifungal aktivite çalışmaları yürütülmüştür. Herbisidal

aktivite çalışmalarında ise, C. campestris’e karşı T. orientalis’in çiçek ve yaprak ekstraktlarının %5 dozları tütün

(Nicotiana tabacum L.) ve şeker pancarı (Beta vulgaris L.) bitkileri üzerinde uygulanmıştır. Bitki patojeni funguslar

ve ekstraktların doz artışına göre antifungal aktivitelerde farklılıklar gözlemlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre, ekstraktın

doz miktarına bağlı olarak bütün ekstraktlar için (yaprak, çiçek ve kök) S. sclerotiorum’da %0-100, A. solani’de

%21-100, P. infestans’da %25-100 ve B. cinerea’da %0-100 arasında yüzde miselyum gelişim engellemeleri

gözlenmiştir. Herbisidal aktivite çalışmaları sonucunda, C. campestris’in kontrol bitkilerine göre taze (tütünde;

0.3639 g ve şeker pancarında; 0.6749 g) ve kuru (yaprak ekstraktı:tütünde 0.0675 g ve şeker pancarında: 0.1546 g;

çiçek ekstraktı: tütünde 0.3246 g ve şeker pancarında: 0.3421g) ağırlıklarına bakılarak gelişimini azalttığı ortaya

konmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antifungal aktivite, bitki ekstraktı, Cuscuta campestris, herbisidal aktivite, Trachystemon orientalis

Kaynakça

• Akçin ÖE, Kandemir N, Akçin Y, 2004. A Morphological and anatomical study on a medicinal and edible plant Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G.Don (Boraginaceae) in the black sea region. Turkish Journal of Botany, 28:435-442.
• Ayvaz MC, 2015. Antioxidant activity of Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don (Borage) grown and eaten as food in Ordu, Turkey. Herba Polonica Journal, 61(4): 40-51.
• Çakmakcı R, Dönmez F, Aydın A, Şahin F, 2006. Growth promotion of plants by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria under greenhouse and two different field soil conditions. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 38(6):1482-1487.
• Dawson JH, Musselman LJ, Wolswinkel P, Dörr I, 1994. Biology and control of Cuscuta. Review of Weed Science, 6: 265–317.
• Dellavalle PD, Cabrera A, Alem D, Larrańaga P, Ferreira F, Rizza MD, 2011. Antifungal activity of medicinal plant extracts against phytopathogenic fungus Alternaria spp. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 71(2): 231-239.
• Grabke A, Fernández-Ortuño D, Amiri A, Li X, Peres NA, Smith P, Schnabel G, 2014. Characterization of iprodione resistance in Botrytis cinerea from strawberry and blackberry. Phytopathology, 104:396-402.
• Hassannejad S, Ghafarbi SP, 2013. Allelopathic effects of some Lamiaceae on seed germination and seedling growth of dodder (Cuscuta campestris Yunck.). International Journal of Biosciences, 3(3): 9-14.
• Isık D, Mennan H, Cam M, Tursun N, Arslan M, 2016. Allelopathic potential of some essential oil bearing plant extracts on common Lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.). Revista De Chimie. (Bucharest), 67(3):455-459.
• Kanan GJ, Al-Najar RA, 2008. In vitro antifungal activities of various plant crude extracts and fractions against Citrus post-harvest disease agent Penicillium digitatum. Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences, 1(3):89-99.
• Karagöz A, Cevahir G, Özcan T, Sadıkoğlu N, Yentur S, Kuru A, 2002. The evaluation of antiviral activity potentials of the prepared aqueous extract of some higher plants. XIV. Herbal medicine raw materials meeting, 29-31 May, Eskişehir, Turkey.
• Khaliq A, Matloob A, Khan MB, Tanveer A, 2013. Differential suppression of rice weeds by allelopathic plant aqueous extracts. Planta Daninha, Viçosa-MG, 31(1): 21-28.
• Kordali S, Cakir A, Akcin TA, Mete E, Akcin A, Aydin T, Kilic H, 2009. Antifungal and herbicidal properties of essential oils and n-hexane extracts of Achillea gypsicola Hub-Mor. and Achillea biebersteinii Afan. (Asteraceae). Industrial Crops and Products, 29:562-570.
• Okigbo RN, Ogbonnaya UO, 2006. Antifungal effects of two tropical plant leaf extracts (Ocimum gratissimum and Aframomum melegueta) on postharvest yam (Dioscorea spp.) rot. African Journal of Biotechnology, 5(9): 727-731.
• Onaran A, Yılar M, Belguzar S, Bayan Y, Aksit H, 2014. Antifungal and bioherbicidal properties of essential oils of Thymus fallax Fish &Mey., Origanum vulgare L. and Mentha dumetorum Schult. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 26(16): 5159-5164.
• Onaran A, Yilar M, 2012. Antifungal activty of Trachystemon orientalis L. aqueous extracts against plant pathogens. Journal of Food Agriculture & Environment, 10(3): 287-291.
• Onaran A, 2016. In vitro antifungal activities of some plant extracts against plant pathogenic fungi in Turkey. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 26(1): 111-114.
• Özen T, 2010. Antioxidant activity of wild edible plants in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. Grasas Y. Aceites, 61(1): 86-94.
• Özkurt M, Yılar M, Önen H, 2007. Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don. (Kaldırık)'nin allelopatik potansiyelinin belirlenmesi. Türkiye II. Bitki Koruma Kongresi 27-29 Ağustos, Isparta.
• Pandey DK, Tripathi NN, Tripathi, RD, Dixit SN, 1982. Fungitoxic and phytotoxic properties of essential oil of Hyptis sauveolens (L.) Poir. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 89: 344-349.
• Soylu EM, Soylu S, Kurt S, 2006. Antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of various plants against tomato late blight disease agent Phytophthora infestans. Mycopathologia, 161(2): 119-128.
• Türküsoy H, Onogur E, 1998. Studies on antifungal effects of some plant extracts in vitro. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 22: 267- 271.
• Uzun E, Sarıyar G. Adsersen A, Karakoç B, Otuk G, Oktayoğl, E, Pirildar S, 2004. Traditional medicine in Sakarya province (Turkey) and antimicrobial activities of selected species. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 95(2-3):287-96.
• Yanar Y, Onaran A, 2011. Mycelial compatibility groups and pathogenicity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) De Bary causal agent of white mold disease of greenhouse grown cucumber in Antalya-Turkey. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(19):3739-3746.
• Yazıcı S, Yanar Y, Karaman I, 2011. Evaluation of bacteria for biological control of early blight disease of tomato. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(9):1573-1577.
• Yuncker TG, 1932. The genus Cuscuta. Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club, 18:113–331.
• Yılar M, Kadıoğlu I, 2016. Antifungal Activities of some Salvia Species Extracts on Fusarium oxysporum f. spradicis- lycopersici (Forl) Mycelium Growth In-vitro. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 26(1): 115-118.