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Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Kahvaltı Yapma Alışkanlığının Saptanması ve Çözüm Önerileri

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 819 - 827, 01.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.655249

Öz

Kahvaltı, yeterli ve dengeli beslenmede günün en önemli öğünü olarak büyük öneme sahiptir. Kahvaltının yapılmaması, yetersiz yapılması veya atlanması durumunda dikkat-algılama bozukluğu, fiziksel-zihinsel yorgunluk gibi sorunlar meydana gelir ve eğitim-öğretimde başarı azalarak nitelikli bireylerin yetişmesi engellenir. Bu çalışma, üniversite öğrencilerinin kahvaltı yapma alışkanlıklarını belirlemek için planlanıp ve uygulanmıştır. Bu amaçla, 2015-2019 öğretim yılında Mardin’de okuyan 18 yaş ve üzeri üniversite öğrencilerinin kahvaltı yapma alışkanlıkları anket yöntemi ile saptanmıştır. Çalışmaya % 62.0’si erkek ve % 38.0’i kadın olmak üzere 1200 kişi dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması kadınlarda 22.1, erkeklerde 23 yıl, eğitim süreleri ortalaması ise kadınlarda 15.2, erkeklerde 16.3 yıldır. Öğrencilerin ortalama boy uzunluğu, kadınlarda 154.4, erkeklerde ise 172.2 cm, vücut ağırlığı değerleri kadınlarda 56.2 kg, erkeklerde 79.1 kg’dır. Üniversite öğrencilerinin öğün atlama durumu incelendiğinde en çok atlanan öğünün (% 47.9) kahvaltı olduğu görülmüştür. Öğün atlamalarının sebebi, zaman yetersizliği (% 37.0) ve sabah geç kalkma (% 24.0) ve kahvaltı yapma alışkanlığın olmaması (% 19.0) olarak ifade edilmiştir. Kahvaltıda içecek tüketimi incelendiğinde, en fazla çayın tercih edildiği belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları üniversite öğrencilerin kahvaltı yapma alışkanlıklarının yetersiz olduğu göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • ALBashtawy M, 2015. Exploring the reasons why school students eat or skip breakfast. Nursing Pediatric and Young People, 27(6):16–22.
  • Açıkgöz S, 2006. Üniversite öğrencilerinin beslenme alışkanlıkları ile öz yetkinlik ve iyimserlik ilişkisi: Ankara Üniversitesi Örneği. Ankara Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara (Basılmış).
  • Anonim, 2006. Temel Sağlık Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü / Hacettepe Üniversitesi Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü. Türkiye’ye Özgü Beslenme Rehberi, Ankara.
  • Arslan C, Mendeş B, 2004. Üniversitelerin farklı bölümlerinde okuyan erkek ve kız öğrencilerin sıvı tüketimleri ve bilgi düzeylerinin araştırılması. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(3): 163–170.
  • Baltar VT, Cunha DB, Santos RO, Marchioni DM, Sichieri R, 2018. Breakfast patterns and their association with body mass index in Brazilian adults. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 34: e00111917.
  • Batista-Jorge GC, Barcala-Jorge AS, Dias AFO, Silveira MF, Lelis DF, Andrade JMO, Santos, SHS, 2016. Nutritional status associated to skipping breakfast in Brazilian health service patients. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 69(1): 31–40.
  • Baysal A, 2007. Beslenme. Şahin matbaacılık, Ankara.
  • Bi H, Gan Y, Yang C, Chen Y, Tong X, Lu Z, 2015. Breakfast skipping and the risk of type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Public Health Nutrition, 18(16):3013–3019.
  • Bagwell SE, 2000. The relationship between breakfast and school performance. National undergraduate research clearinghouse, 3 Retrieved August 1, 2015.
  • Barrett P, Imamura F, Brage S, Griffin SJ, Wareham NJ, Forouhi NG, 2017. Sociodemographic, lifestyle and behavioural factors associated with consumption of sweetened beverages among adults in Cambridgeshire, UK: the Fenland Study. Public Health Nutrition, 20: 2766–77.
  • Budak N, Özer E, Kovalı S, İnceiş N, 2005. Kahvaltının öğrencilerin beslenmesine katkısı ve akademik başarıya etkisi. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi. 32(1): 47–54.
  • Buxton CNA, 2014. Ghanaian junior high school adolescents' dietary practices and food preferences: Implications for public health concern. Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences, 4(5): 297.
  • Cahill LE, Chiuve SE, Mekary RA, Jensen MK, Flint AJ, Hu FB, et al., 2013. Prospective study of breakfast eating and incident coronary heart disease in a cohort of male US health professionals clinical perspective. Circulation, 128(4): 337–343.
  • Chung SJ, Lee Y, Lee S, Choi K, 2015. Breakfast skipping and breakfast type are associated with daily nutrient intakes and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults. Nutrition Research and Practice, 9: 288–295.
  • Clayton DJ, Barutcu A, Machin C, Stensel DJ, James LJ, 2015. Effect of breakfast omission on energy intake and evening exercise performance. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 47: 2645–2652.
  • Deshmukh-Taskar P, Nicklas TA, Radcliffe JD, Neil OCE, Liu Y, 2013. The relationship of breakfast skipping and type of breakfast consumed with overweight/ obesity, abdominal obesity, other cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in young adults. The national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES): 1999–2006. Public Health Nutrition, 16(11): 2073–2082.
  • Gajre NS, Fernandez S, Balakrishna N,Vazir S, 2008. Breakfast eating habit and its influence on attention-concentration, immediate memory and school achievement. Indian Pediatrics, 45(10): 824-828.
  • di Giuseppe R, Di Castelnuovo A, Melegari C, De Lucia F, Santimone I, Sciarretta A, Lacoviello L, 2012. Typical breakfast food consumption and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in a large sample of Italian adults. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 22(4): 347–354.
  • Grunbaum JA, Kann L, Kinchen SA, Williams B, Ross JG, Lowry R, Kolbe L, 2002. Youth risk behavior surveillance-United States, 2001. Journal of School Health, 72: 313-328.
  • Farshchi HR, Taylor MA, Macdonald IA, 2005. Deleterious effects of omitting breakfast on insulin sensitivity and fasting lipid profiles in healthy lean women. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 81(2): 388-396.
  • Hallstrom L, Vereecken CA, Ruiz JR, Patterson E, Gilbert CC, Catasta G, et al., 2011. Breakfast habits and factors influencing food choices at breakfast in relation to socio-demographic and family factors among European adolescents. The HELENA Study. Appetite, 56(3): 649-657.
  • Heşeminia T, Çalışkan D, Işık A, 2002. Ankara’da yükseköğretim öğrenci yurtlarında kalan öğrencilerin beslenme sorunları. İbni Sina Tıp Dergisi, 7: 155-166.
  • Hoyland A, Dye L, Lawton CL, 2009. A systematic review of the effect of breakfast on the cognitive performance of children and adolescents. Nutrition Research Reviews, 22(2): 220–243.
  • Huang CJ, Hu HT, Fan YC, Liao YM, Tsai PS, 2010. Associations of breakfast skipping with obesity and health-related quality of life: evidence from a national survey in Taiwan. International Journal of Obesity (Lond), 34:720–5.
  • Isaksson H, Rakha A, Andersson R, Fredriksson H, Olsson J, Aman P, 2011. Rye kernel breakfast increases satiety in the afternoon- an effect of food structure. Nutrition Journal, 10(31): 1–10.
  • Jacoby E, Cueto S, Poitt E, 1998. When Science and Politics Listen to Each Other: Goo Prospects from a New School Breakfast Program İn Peru. American Journal Clinical Nutrition, 67 Suppl: 795-797.
  • Juan S, He Y, Zhiyue L, Yan W, Jiang B, Yanyan W, Ying Y, 2013. Factors associated with skipping breakfast among Inner Mongolia medical students in China. BMC Public Health, 13-(42).
  • Kawafha M, 2013. Impact of skipping breakfast on various educational and overall academic achievements of primary schoolchildren in Northern of Jordan. Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 7(7): 155-160.
  • Kawafheh MM, Hamdan FR, Abozeid SE, Nawafleh H, 2014. The effect of health education programs for parents about breakfast on students' breakfast and their aca- demic achievement in the north of Jordan. International Journal of Advanced Nursing Studies, 3(2): 84-89.
  • Keski-Rahkonen A, Kaprio J, Virkunen M, Rose RJ, 2003. Breakfast skipping and health-compromising behaviors in adolescents and adults. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 57: 842–853.
  • Kubota Y, Iso H, Sawada N, Tsugane S, Group TJS, 2016. Association of breakfast intake with Incident stroke and coronary heart disease: The Japan public health center–based study. Stroke, 47(2): 477–481.
  • Mazıcıoğlu MM, Öztürk A, 2003. Üniversite 3 ve 4. sınıf öğrencilerinde beslenme alışkanlıkları ve bunu etkileyen faktörler. Erciyes Tıp Dergisi, 25(4): 172-178.
  • Merdol KT, 2001. Kahvaltının önemi ve kahvaltı örüntümüz. Türk mutfak kültürü üzerine araştırmalar, Türk halk kültürünü araştırma ve tanıtma vakfı. Yayın No: 28. Takav Matbaası, Ankara.
  • Mhurchu CN, Turley M, Gorton D, Jiang Y, Michie J, Maddison R, Hattie J, 2010. Effects of a free school breakfast programme on school attendance, achievement, psychosocial function, and nutrition: A stepped wedge cluster randomised trial. BMC Public Health, 10(1): 738.
  • Nakade M, Akimitsu O, Wada K, Krejci M, Noji T, Taniwaki N, Harada T, 2012. Can breakfast tryptophan and vitamin B6 intake and morning exposure to sunlight promote morning-typology in young children aged 2 to 6 years? Journal of Physiological Anthropology, 31(1): -11.
  • Niemeier HM, Raynor HA, Lloyd-Richardson EE, Rogers ML, Wing RR, 2006. Fast food consumption and breakfast skipping: Predictors of weight gain from adolescence to adulthood in a nationally representative sample. Journal of Adolescent Health, 39(6);842–849.
  • NiMhurchu C, Turley M, Gorton D, Jiang Y, Michie J., Maddison R, et al., 2010. Effects of a free school breakfast programme on school attendance, achievement, psycho social function, and nutrition: a stepped wedge cluster 
 randomised trial. BMC Public Health, 29(10): 738- 744.
  • Orak S, Akgün S, Orhan H, 2006. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin beslenme alışkanlıklarının araştırılması. SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 13:(2): 5-11.
  • Ozdogan Y, Ozcelik AO, Surucuoglu MS, 2010. The breakfast habits of female university students. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 9(9): 882-886.
  • Romieu I, Hernandez-Avila M, Rivera JA, Ruel MT, Parra S, 1997. Dietary studies in countries experiencing a health transition: Mexico and Central American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 65(4 Suppl): 1159 1165.
  • Smith KJ, Gall SL, McNaughton SA, Blizzard L, Dwyer T, Venn AJ, 2010. Skipping breakfast: longitudinal associations with cardiometabolic risk factors in the Childhood Determinants of Adult Health Study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 92: 1316-25.
  • Şanlıer N, Arlı M, 2000. Üniversitede okuyan beslenme eğitimi alan kız öğrencilerin beslenme durumları, günlük enerji alımları ve harcamaları. Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 3: 21-30.
  • Uzhova I, Woolhead C, Timon CM, O'Sullivan A, Brennan L, Penalvo JL, et al., 2018. Generic meal patterns identified by latent class analysis: insights from NANS (National Adult Nutrition Survey). Nutrients, 10.
  • Uzhova I, Fuster V, Fernández-Ortiz A, Ordovás JM, Sanz J, Fernández-Friera L, Peñalvo JL, 2017. The importance of breakfast in atherosclerosis disease: Insights from the PESA study. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 70(15): 1833-1842.
  • Vançelik S, Önal SG, Güraksın A, Beyhun E, 2007. Üniversite öğrencilerinin beslenme bilgi ve alışkanlıkları ile ilgili faktörler. TSK Koruyucu Hekimlik Bülteni, 6(4): 242-248.
  • Yasuda J, Asako M, Arimitsu T, Fujita S, 2018. Skipping breakfast is associated with lower fat-free mass in healthy young subjects: a cross-
sectional study. Nutrition Research, 60: 26–32.
  • Yoo KB, Suh HJ, Lee MJ, Kim JH, Kwon JA, Park EC, 2014. Breakfast eating patterns and the metabolic syndrome: The Korea national health and nutrition examination survey (KNHANES) 2007-2009. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 23(1): 128-137.
  • Yıldırım İ, Yıldırım Y, Tortop Y, Poyraz A, 2011. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin beslenme alışkanlıkları ve bunları etkileyen faktörler. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(1): 1375-1391.
  • Witbracht M, Keim NL, Forester S, Widaman A, Laugero K, 2015. Female breakfast skippers display a disrupted cortisol rhythm and elevated blood pressure. Physiology & Behavior, 140 (Supplement C), 215–221.
  • Zeng YC, Li SM, Xiong GL, Su HM, Wan JC, 2011. Influences of protein to en- ergy ratios in breakfast on mood, alertness and attention in the healthy undergraduate students. Health, 3(6): 383–393.
  • Zizza C, Popkin BM, 2001. Significant increase in young adults’ snacking between 1977-1978 and 1994–1996 represents a cause for concern. Preventive Medicine, 32: 303–310.

Determining the of breakfast having habits among university students and suggestions of solution

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 819 - 827, 01.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.655249

Öz

Breakfast is of great importance as the most important meal of the day in adequate and balanced diet. If breakfast is not made, inadequately made or skipped, problems such as attention-perception disorder and physical-mental fatigue occur and the success of education and training decreases and the growth of qualified an individual is prevented. This study was planned and conducted to determine the university students’ breakfast consumption habits. For this purpose, breakfast habits of university students aged 18 and over that live in Mardin during the 2015-2019 academic years were determined by questionnaire method. A total of 1200 people, from whom 62.0% male and 38.0% female, were included in the study. The average age of the students was 22.1 years in women and 23 years in men and the average duration of education was 15.2 years for women and 16.3 years for men. The average height of the students was 154.4 cm for females and 172.2 cm for males and body weight values were 56.2 kg in women and 79.1 kg in men. The highest skipped meal (47.9%) was breakfast when the students' skipping status was examined. The reason for skipping meals was expressed as lack of time (37.0%), late morning waking up (24.0%) and lack of habit of having breakfast (19.0%). When the consumption of beverages at breakfast is examined, it is determined that tea is the most preferred. The results of this study show that the habits of university students in having breakfast are insufficient.

Kaynakça

  • ALBashtawy M, 2015. Exploring the reasons why school students eat or skip breakfast. Nursing Pediatric and Young People, 27(6):16–22.
  • Açıkgöz S, 2006. Üniversite öğrencilerinin beslenme alışkanlıkları ile öz yetkinlik ve iyimserlik ilişkisi: Ankara Üniversitesi Örneği. Ankara Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara (Basılmış).
  • Anonim, 2006. Temel Sağlık Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü / Hacettepe Üniversitesi Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü. Türkiye’ye Özgü Beslenme Rehberi, Ankara.
  • Arslan C, Mendeş B, 2004. Üniversitelerin farklı bölümlerinde okuyan erkek ve kız öğrencilerin sıvı tüketimleri ve bilgi düzeylerinin araştırılması. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(3): 163–170.
  • Baltar VT, Cunha DB, Santos RO, Marchioni DM, Sichieri R, 2018. Breakfast patterns and their association with body mass index in Brazilian adults. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 34: e00111917.
  • Batista-Jorge GC, Barcala-Jorge AS, Dias AFO, Silveira MF, Lelis DF, Andrade JMO, Santos, SHS, 2016. Nutritional status associated to skipping breakfast in Brazilian health service patients. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 69(1): 31–40.
  • Baysal A, 2007. Beslenme. Şahin matbaacılık, Ankara.
  • Bi H, Gan Y, Yang C, Chen Y, Tong X, Lu Z, 2015. Breakfast skipping and the risk of type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Public Health Nutrition, 18(16):3013–3019.
  • Bagwell SE, 2000. The relationship between breakfast and school performance. National undergraduate research clearinghouse, 3 Retrieved August 1, 2015.
  • Barrett P, Imamura F, Brage S, Griffin SJ, Wareham NJ, Forouhi NG, 2017. Sociodemographic, lifestyle and behavioural factors associated with consumption of sweetened beverages among adults in Cambridgeshire, UK: the Fenland Study. Public Health Nutrition, 20: 2766–77.
  • Budak N, Özer E, Kovalı S, İnceiş N, 2005. Kahvaltının öğrencilerin beslenmesine katkısı ve akademik başarıya etkisi. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi. 32(1): 47–54.
  • Buxton CNA, 2014. Ghanaian junior high school adolescents' dietary practices and food preferences: Implications for public health concern. Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences, 4(5): 297.
  • Cahill LE, Chiuve SE, Mekary RA, Jensen MK, Flint AJ, Hu FB, et al., 2013. Prospective study of breakfast eating and incident coronary heart disease in a cohort of male US health professionals clinical perspective. Circulation, 128(4): 337–343.
  • Chung SJ, Lee Y, Lee S, Choi K, 2015. Breakfast skipping and breakfast type are associated with daily nutrient intakes and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults. Nutrition Research and Practice, 9: 288–295.
  • Clayton DJ, Barutcu A, Machin C, Stensel DJ, James LJ, 2015. Effect of breakfast omission on energy intake and evening exercise performance. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 47: 2645–2652.
  • Deshmukh-Taskar P, Nicklas TA, Radcliffe JD, Neil OCE, Liu Y, 2013. The relationship of breakfast skipping and type of breakfast consumed with overweight/ obesity, abdominal obesity, other cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in young adults. The national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES): 1999–2006. Public Health Nutrition, 16(11): 2073–2082.
  • Gajre NS, Fernandez S, Balakrishna N,Vazir S, 2008. Breakfast eating habit and its influence on attention-concentration, immediate memory and school achievement. Indian Pediatrics, 45(10): 824-828.
  • di Giuseppe R, Di Castelnuovo A, Melegari C, De Lucia F, Santimone I, Sciarretta A, Lacoviello L, 2012. Typical breakfast food consumption and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in a large sample of Italian adults. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 22(4): 347–354.
  • Grunbaum JA, Kann L, Kinchen SA, Williams B, Ross JG, Lowry R, Kolbe L, 2002. Youth risk behavior surveillance-United States, 2001. Journal of School Health, 72: 313-328.
  • Farshchi HR, Taylor MA, Macdonald IA, 2005. Deleterious effects of omitting breakfast on insulin sensitivity and fasting lipid profiles in healthy lean women. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 81(2): 388-396.
  • Hallstrom L, Vereecken CA, Ruiz JR, Patterson E, Gilbert CC, Catasta G, et al., 2011. Breakfast habits and factors influencing food choices at breakfast in relation to socio-demographic and family factors among European adolescents. The HELENA Study. Appetite, 56(3): 649-657.
  • Heşeminia T, Çalışkan D, Işık A, 2002. Ankara’da yükseköğretim öğrenci yurtlarında kalan öğrencilerin beslenme sorunları. İbni Sina Tıp Dergisi, 7: 155-166.
  • Hoyland A, Dye L, Lawton CL, 2009. A systematic review of the effect of breakfast on the cognitive performance of children and adolescents. Nutrition Research Reviews, 22(2): 220–243.
  • Huang CJ, Hu HT, Fan YC, Liao YM, Tsai PS, 2010. Associations of breakfast skipping with obesity and health-related quality of life: evidence from a national survey in Taiwan. International Journal of Obesity (Lond), 34:720–5.
  • Isaksson H, Rakha A, Andersson R, Fredriksson H, Olsson J, Aman P, 2011. Rye kernel breakfast increases satiety in the afternoon- an effect of food structure. Nutrition Journal, 10(31): 1–10.
  • Jacoby E, Cueto S, Poitt E, 1998. When Science and Politics Listen to Each Other: Goo Prospects from a New School Breakfast Program İn Peru. American Journal Clinical Nutrition, 67 Suppl: 795-797.
  • Juan S, He Y, Zhiyue L, Yan W, Jiang B, Yanyan W, Ying Y, 2013. Factors associated with skipping breakfast among Inner Mongolia medical students in China. BMC Public Health, 13-(42).
  • Kawafha M, 2013. Impact of skipping breakfast on various educational and overall academic achievements of primary schoolchildren in Northern of Jordan. Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 7(7): 155-160.
  • Kawafheh MM, Hamdan FR, Abozeid SE, Nawafleh H, 2014. The effect of health education programs for parents about breakfast on students' breakfast and their aca- demic achievement in the north of Jordan. International Journal of Advanced Nursing Studies, 3(2): 84-89.
  • Keski-Rahkonen A, Kaprio J, Virkunen M, Rose RJ, 2003. Breakfast skipping and health-compromising behaviors in adolescents and adults. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 57: 842–853.
  • Kubota Y, Iso H, Sawada N, Tsugane S, Group TJS, 2016. Association of breakfast intake with Incident stroke and coronary heart disease: The Japan public health center–based study. Stroke, 47(2): 477–481.
  • Mazıcıoğlu MM, Öztürk A, 2003. Üniversite 3 ve 4. sınıf öğrencilerinde beslenme alışkanlıkları ve bunu etkileyen faktörler. Erciyes Tıp Dergisi, 25(4): 172-178.
  • Merdol KT, 2001. Kahvaltının önemi ve kahvaltı örüntümüz. Türk mutfak kültürü üzerine araştırmalar, Türk halk kültürünü araştırma ve tanıtma vakfı. Yayın No: 28. Takav Matbaası, Ankara.
  • Mhurchu CN, Turley M, Gorton D, Jiang Y, Michie J, Maddison R, Hattie J, 2010. Effects of a free school breakfast programme on school attendance, achievement, psychosocial function, and nutrition: A stepped wedge cluster randomised trial. BMC Public Health, 10(1): 738.
  • Nakade M, Akimitsu O, Wada K, Krejci M, Noji T, Taniwaki N, Harada T, 2012. Can breakfast tryptophan and vitamin B6 intake and morning exposure to sunlight promote morning-typology in young children aged 2 to 6 years? Journal of Physiological Anthropology, 31(1): -11.
  • Niemeier HM, Raynor HA, Lloyd-Richardson EE, Rogers ML, Wing RR, 2006. Fast food consumption and breakfast skipping: Predictors of weight gain from adolescence to adulthood in a nationally representative sample. Journal of Adolescent Health, 39(6);842–849.
  • NiMhurchu C, Turley M, Gorton D, Jiang Y, Michie J., Maddison R, et al., 2010. Effects of a free school breakfast programme on school attendance, achievement, psycho social function, and nutrition: a stepped wedge cluster 
 randomised trial. BMC Public Health, 29(10): 738- 744.
  • Orak S, Akgün S, Orhan H, 2006. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin beslenme alışkanlıklarının araştırılması. SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 13:(2): 5-11.
  • Ozdogan Y, Ozcelik AO, Surucuoglu MS, 2010. The breakfast habits of female university students. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 9(9): 882-886.
  • Romieu I, Hernandez-Avila M, Rivera JA, Ruel MT, Parra S, 1997. Dietary studies in countries experiencing a health transition: Mexico and Central American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 65(4 Suppl): 1159 1165.
  • Smith KJ, Gall SL, McNaughton SA, Blizzard L, Dwyer T, Venn AJ, 2010. Skipping breakfast: longitudinal associations with cardiometabolic risk factors in the Childhood Determinants of Adult Health Study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 92: 1316-25.
  • Şanlıer N, Arlı M, 2000. Üniversitede okuyan beslenme eğitimi alan kız öğrencilerin beslenme durumları, günlük enerji alımları ve harcamaları. Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 3: 21-30.
  • Uzhova I, Woolhead C, Timon CM, O'Sullivan A, Brennan L, Penalvo JL, et al., 2018. Generic meal patterns identified by latent class analysis: insights from NANS (National Adult Nutrition Survey). Nutrients, 10.
  • Uzhova I, Fuster V, Fernández-Ortiz A, Ordovás JM, Sanz J, Fernández-Friera L, Peñalvo JL, 2017. The importance of breakfast in atherosclerosis disease: Insights from the PESA study. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 70(15): 1833-1842.
  • Vançelik S, Önal SG, Güraksın A, Beyhun E, 2007. Üniversite öğrencilerinin beslenme bilgi ve alışkanlıkları ile ilgili faktörler. TSK Koruyucu Hekimlik Bülteni, 6(4): 242-248.
  • Yasuda J, Asako M, Arimitsu T, Fujita S, 2018. Skipping breakfast is associated with lower fat-free mass in healthy young subjects: a cross-
sectional study. Nutrition Research, 60: 26–32.
  • Yoo KB, Suh HJ, Lee MJ, Kim JH, Kwon JA, Park EC, 2014. Breakfast eating patterns and the metabolic syndrome: The Korea national health and nutrition examination survey (KNHANES) 2007-2009. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 23(1): 128-137.
  • Yıldırım İ, Yıldırım Y, Tortop Y, Poyraz A, 2011. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin beslenme alışkanlıkları ve bunları etkileyen faktörler. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(1): 1375-1391.
  • Witbracht M, Keim NL, Forester S, Widaman A, Laugero K, 2015. Female breakfast skippers display a disrupted cortisol rhythm and elevated blood pressure. Physiology & Behavior, 140 (Supplement C), 215–221.
  • Zeng YC, Li SM, Xiong GL, Su HM, Wan JC, 2011. Influences of protein to en- ergy ratios in breakfast on mood, alertness and attention in the healthy undergraduate students. Health, 3(6): 383–393.
  • Zizza C, Popkin BM, 2001. Significant increase in young adults’ snacking between 1977-1978 and 1994–1996 represents a cause for concern. Preventive Medicine, 32: 303–310.
Toplam 51 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Yapısal Biyoloji
Bölüm Biyoloji / Biology
Yazarlar

Songül Çetik Yıldız 0000-0002-7855-5343

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 5 Aralık 2019
Kabul Tarihi 1 Mart 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Çetik Yıldız, S. (2020). Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Kahvaltı Yapma Alışkanlığının Saptanması ve Çözüm Önerileri. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 10(2), 819-827. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.655249
AMA Çetik Yıldız S. Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Kahvaltı Yapma Alışkanlığının Saptanması ve Çözüm Önerileri. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. Haziran 2020;10(2):819-827. doi:10.21597/jist.655249
Chicago Çetik Yıldız, Songül. “Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Kahvaltı Yapma Alışkanlığının Saptanması Ve Çözüm Önerileri”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 10, sy. 2 (Haziran 2020): 819-27. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.655249.
EndNote Çetik Yıldız S (01 Haziran 2020) Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Kahvaltı Yapma Alışkanlığının Saptanması ve Çözüm Önerileri. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 10 2 819–827.
IEEE S. Çetik Yıldız, “Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Kahvaltı Yapma Alışkanlığının Saptanması ve Çözüm Önerileri”, Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der., c. 10, sy. 2, ss. 819–827, 2020, doi: 10.21597/jist.655249.
ISNAD Çetik Yıldız, Songül. “Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Kahvaltı Yapma Alışkanlığının Saptanması Ve Çözüm Önerileri”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 10/2 (Haziran 2020), 819-827. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.655249.
JAMA Çetik Yıldız S. Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Kahvaltı Yapma Alışkanlığının Saptanması ve Çözüm Önerileri. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. 2020;10:819–827.
MLA Çetik Yıldız, Songül. “Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Kahvaltı Yapma Alışkanlığının Saptanması Ve Çözüm Önerileri”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, c. 10, sy. 2, 2020, ss. 819-27, doi:10.21597/jist.655249.
Vancouver Çetik Yıldız S. Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Kahvaltı Yapma Alışkanlığının Saptanması ve Çözüm Önerileri. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. 2020;10(2):819-27.