Wharton Jel Kaynaklı Eksozom İzolasyonu: Metot Karşılaştırma Çalışması

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 152 - 161, 01.03.2023

Dilek Kaan

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1200996

Öz

Eksozomlar endozomdan köken almış, immün modülasyonda önemli role sahip, hücrelerarası
etkileşimi sağlayan, nano boyutta biyomoleküllerdir. Eksozomlar tetraspanninler, proteinler,
Annexin ve Rab proteinleri gibi çok çeşitli zar proteinlerine sahiptirler ve bu içeriklere sahip
olmaları ile enfeksiyon, sinir sistemi, kanser ve nörodejeneratif hastalıkların tedavi ve teşhisinde
kullanılmaya adaydır. Hemen hemen bütün vücut sıvılarından salınan eksozomların hem homojen
hem de çok sayıda izole edilebilmesi teşhis ve tedavi için önemlidir. Bu nedenle eksozomların
saflaştırılması ve tanıya yönelik spesifik eksozom izolasyonu tedavi amaçlı üretimi açısından önemli
bir basamaktır. Bu çalışmada wharton jel kaynaklı ticari mezenkimal kök hücre kültür besiyerinden
(medyum) farklı izolasyon metotları olan ultrasantrifüj, diferansiyel ultrasantrifüj-filtrasyon ve
çökeltme (presipitasyon) metodu kullanılarak en çok sayıda ve en saf eksozom izolasyonu yapılması
amaçlanmıştır. Eksozomların karakterizasyonu için; görüntülenmesi, saflığı ve boyut analizi her üç
metot için belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak ultrasantrifüj metodunda, hem diferansiyel ultrasantrifüjfiltrasyon, hem de presipitasyon metoduna göre çok daha fazla sayıda çok daha küçük boyutta
eksozom izolasyonu olduğu görülmüştür. Diferansiyel ultrasantrifüj-filtrasyon metodu sonucunda
ise eksozom sayısının çok daha az olduğu ancak ultrasantrifüj yöntemi ile elde edilen eksozomlarla
aynı saflıkta olduğu görülmüştür. Eksozomların hemen hemen her hastalığın tedavisinde etkin rol
almalarından dolayı hastalıkların teşhisinde kullanım kolaylığı sağlamakla birlikte iyi biyo-dağılım,
biyouyumluluk ve düşük immünojeniteye sahip olmaları da tedavi aşamasında avantaj sağlayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Wharton Jel, Eksozom, İzolasyon Metotları

Teşekkür

Bu çalışmanın yapılmasında; laboratuvar olanak ve elverişli çalışma ortamı sunan, Erciyes Üniversitesi, Genom ve Kök Hücre Merkezi’ne teşekkürlerimi sunarım.

Wharton Gel-Derived Exosome Isolatıon: A Method Comparative Study

Öz

Exosomes are nano-sized biomolecules that originate from the endosome, have an important role in
immune modulation, and provide intercellular interaction. Exosomes have a wide variety of
membrane proteins such as tetraspanins, proteins, Annexin and Rab proteins, and they are
candidates for use in the treatment and diagnosis of infections, nervous system, cancer and
neurodegenerative diseases. It is important for diagnosis and treatment that exosomes released from
almost all body fluids can be isolated both homogeneously and in large numbers. Therefore, the
purification of exosomes and obtaining specific exosomes for diagnosis is an important step in their
production for therapeutic purposes. This study aimed to isolate the most and purest exosomes by
using different isolation methods, ultracentrifugation, differential centrifugation-filtration and
precipitation from commercial mesenchymal stem cell culture medium derived from wharton gel.
Imaging, purity and size analysis of exosome characterization was determined for methods. As a
result, it was observed that as a result of the isolation with the ultracentrifuge method, a much larger
number of exosomes were isolated compared to both precipitation and differential centrifugationfiltration methods. According to the differential centrifugation-filtration method, it was observed
that the number of exosomes was much less, but the exosomes were of the same purity as the
ultracentrifuge method. Since exosomes play an active role in treating almost every disease, they
provide ease of use in diagnosing diseases, and their good biodistribution, biocompatibility and low
immunogenicity will also provide an advantage in the treatment phase.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Wharton Gel, Exosome, Isolation Methods

Kaynakça

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