Atıksu Arıtma Tesisleri: İş Güvenliği Riskleri ve Sağlık Tehlikeleri

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 4, 1280 - 1296

Hülya Özkoç , Ayşenur Uslu , Sevda Türkmen

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1644647

Öz

Artan nüfus ve kentleşme, artan su tüketimine ve atık su oluşumuna yol açar. Bu su kaynaklarının uygun şekilde arıtılmadan geliştirilmesi, su seviyelerinde azalmaya, su ekosistemlerine zarar vermeye ve temiz suya sürekli erişime neden olur. Bu nedenle, atık su arıtma tesislerinin işletilmesi ve yönetimi, su sızıntılarını önlemek veya kirliliğini önemli ölçüde azaltmak için elzemdir. Bu tesis, yalnızca yasal bir gereklilik değil, aynı zamanda bu tür yönetim politikalarının önemli bir yönü haline gelmiştir. Ancak, atık su arıtma tesisleri, atık suyun arıtımı için fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik bileşenleri içeren karmaşık sistemlerdir. Herhangi bir iş yerinde olduğu gibi, atık su arıtma tesislerinde de gerekli iş sağlığı ve güvenliği önlemleri alınabilir. Bu tesislerin işletilmesi, bakımı ve onarımı sırasında iş kazası ve meslek hastalığı risklerini ortadan kaldırmak veya en aza indirmek için iş sağlığı ve güvenliği kapsamında risk değerlendirmeleri yapılmalıdır.
Risk değerlendirme çalışmaları, iş yerindeki tehlikelerin tanınmasıyla başlar. Atık su arıtma tesislerinin her aşamasında dikkate alınması gereken tehlikeler vardır. Bu tehlikelere maruz kalmanın bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan riskleri önlemek için kontrol hiyerarşisini kullanmak esastır. Fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik tehlike potansiyeli olan atıksu arıtma tesislerinde, tesis çalışanları bu tehlikelere maruz kalmaları sonucu zarar görebilirler. Bu çalışmada, Ordu ilindeki Durugöl Atıksu Arıtma Tesisi'ndeki iş sağlığı ve güvenliği çalışmalarını incelemek amacıyla, tesis alanı görüşme ve gözlem yöntemleri kullanılarak detaylı bir şekilde araştırılmış ve tesis yöneticileri ve personeli ile görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Tesisin risk analizi sonucunda, en yüksek risk puanına sahip bölümler için düzenleyici ve önleyici tedbirler önerilmiştir. Böylece, çalışma sonucunda;
1- Tesis çalışanları arasında iş sağlığı ve güvenliği tehlikelerinin yaygınlığı değerlendirilmiş,
2- İş sağlığı ve güvenliği tehlikelerinin yaygınlığını etkileyen faktörler belirlenmiş,
3- Üst yönetime çalışanların güvenliğini korumak ve hastalıkları önlemek için direktiflerin geliştirilmesi için öneriler sunulmuştur

Anahtar Kelimeler

İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği , Risk Değerlendirme , Atık su arıtma tesisi tehlikeleri

Sewage Treatment Plants: Occupational Safety Risks and Health Hazards

Öz

Increasing population and urbanization cause water consumption and wastewater generation to increase. Developing water resources without proper treatment causes water levels to drop and water ecosystems to be damaged. Therefore, the operation and management of wastewater treatment plants is essential to prevent water leaks or significantly reduce pollution. As in every workplace, necessary occupational health and safety measures can be taken in wastewater treatment plants. During the operation, maintenance and repair of these plants, risk assessments should be carried out within the scope of occupational health and safety in order to eliminate or minimize the risks of occupational accidents and occupational diseases.
There are hazards that need to be taken into consideration at every stage of wastewater treatment plants. In this study, in order to examine the occupational health and safety activities at the Durugöl Wastewater Treatment Plant in Ordu province, the plant area was examined in detail using interview and observation methods and interviews were conducted with plant managers and personnel. As a result of the risk analysis of the plant, regulatory and preventive measures were suggested for the sections with the highest risk scores. Thus, as a result of the study;
1- The prevalence of occupational health and safety hazards among plant employees was evaluated,
2- The factors affecting the prevalence of occupational health and safety hazards were determined,
3- Suggestions were presented to the upper management on the development of guidelines to protect the safety of employees and prevent diseases.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Occupational Health and Safety , Risk Assesment , Sewage Treatment Plant , Hazard , Risk

Kaynakça

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