Pre-service ELT Teachers’ Beliefs and Perceptions on 21st Century Learning and Innovation Skills (4Cs)

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 231 - 246, 25.03.2019

Hasan Bedir

https://doi.org/10.17263/jlls.547718

Öz

Please fill up the following information accurately. (Please use Times New Roman, 12 pt.
Pre-service ELT Teachers’ Beliefs and Perceptions on 21st Century Learning and Innovation Skills (4Cs)
This study investigated ELT pre-service teachers’ beliefs and perceptions on 21st century learning and innovation skills with a special emphasis on critical, creative thinking, collaboration and communication skills (4Cs) in particular. Data were collected with a customized questionnaire including closed and open ended questions and semi-structured interviews. Results demonstrated that pre-service teachers mainly perceived 21st century learning as the integration of technology into classrooms teaching. They were also moderately aware of and involved in 4Cs though they had high positive perceptions towards them.  The words and phrases they used for the definition of critical, creative thinking, collaboration and communication were associated with the ones used in the educational context although 21st century skills may have divergent or specialized meanings in different context. Pre-service teachers also held negative beliefs about emphasis of 4Cs in the national curriculum and assessment, but positive beliefs about professional development for 4Cs.
Information about Author(s)*
Author 1
Author (Last name, First name)	Bedir, Hasan
Affiliated institution (University)	Cukurova University
Country	Turkey
Email address	[e-mail]
Department & Rank
Corresponding author (Yes/No) Write only one corresponding author.	Yes
Author 2
Author (Last name, First name)
Affiliated institution (University)
Country
Email address
Department & Rank
Corresponding author (Yes/No)
Author 3
Author (Last name, First name)
Affiliated institution (University)
Country
Email address
Department & Rank
Corresponding author (Yes/No)
Author 4
Author (Last name, First name)
Affiliated institution (University)
Country
Email address
Department & Rank
Corresponding author (Yes/No)

Anahtar Kelimeler

21st Century Learning, 4Cs, Pre-service teacher education

Kaynakça

• Ananiadou, K., & Claro, M. (2009). 21st century skills and competences for new millennium
• learners in OECD countries. OECD Education Working Papers, No. 41, Paris, France: OECD Publishing.
• Ball, D. L., Thames, M. H., & Phelps, G. (2008). Content knowledge for teaching: What Makes It Special? Journal of Teacher Education, 59, p. 389.
• Bedir, H. (2017). English language teachers’ beliefs on 21st century learning and innovation skills. Paper presented at Cukurova International ELT Teachers Conference (CUELT 3rd). Adana, Turkey.
• Berg, B. L. (2009). Qualitative research methods for the social science. California State University: Pearson Publications. Black, S. (2005). Teaching students to think critically. The Education Digest, 70(6), 42-47.
• Borg, S. (ed.) (2006a). Classroom research in ELT in Oman. Ministry of Education, Sultanate of Oman.
• Carlgren. T. (2013). Communication, critical thinking, problem solving: A Suggested course for all high school students in the 21st century. Interchange, 44, 63-81.
• Chan, K., & Elliott, R. G. (2004). Relational analysis of personal epistemology and conceptions about teaching and learning. Teaching and Teacher Education, 20, 817- 831.
• Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2011). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
• CoHE (2017). The English Language Teaching Undergraduate Program. In The New Undergraduate Teaching Programs Retrieved from ttp://www.yok.gov.tr/web/guest/icerik/-/journal_content/56_INSTANCE_rEHF8BIsfYRx/10279/41807946 on December 10, 2018
• Darling-Hammond, L. (2010). The flat world of education: How America's commitment to equity will determine our future. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.
• Dede, C. (2007). Transforming education for the 21st Century: New pedagogies that help all students attain sophisticated learning outcomes. Harvard University: Commissioned by the NCSU Friday Institute.
• Donavan, L., Green, T. D., & Mason, C. (2014). Examining the 21st century classroom: Developing an innovation configuration map. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 50(2), 161-178.
• Duron, R., Limbach, B., & Waugh, W. (2006). Critical thinking framework for any discipline. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 7(2), 160-166.
• Duckworth, A. (2016). Grit: The power of passion and perseverance. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.
• Fasko, D. (2001). Education and creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 13, 317-327. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15326934CRJ1334_09 on January 07, 2019.
• Freeman, D. (2001). Second language teacher education. In R. Carter & D. Nunan (Eds.). The Cambridge guide to teaching English to speakers of other languages (pp. 72-79).
• Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Fullan, M. (2012). Stratosphere: Integrating technology, pedagogy, and change knowledge. Toronto, Canada: Pearson.
• Gibbs, G.R. (2007) Thematic Coding and Categorizing, Analyzing Qualitative Data. SAGE Publications Ltd., London.
• Handsley, E. (2011). Good practice guide: Collaboration skills-threshold learning outcome 5—Promoting excellence in Higher Education. Surry Hills, NSW: Australian Learning & Teaching Council.
• Halpern, D. F. (2014). Thought and knowledge: an introduction to critical thinking (5th ed.). New York, NY: Psychology Press
• Kumaravadivelu, B. (2012). Language teacher education for a Global Society. New York: Routlege.
• Kozma, R. (2005). National policies that connect ICT-based education reform to economic and social development. Human Technology, 5(4), 358-367.
• Levine, A. (2006). Educating School Teachers. Retrieved 16 August, 2008 from
• http:www.edschools.org/pdf/Educating_Teachers_Report.pdf.
• Murphy, P. K., Delli, L. M., & Edwards, M. N. (2004). The good teacher and good teaching: Comparing beliefs of second-grade students, pre-eservice teachers, and in-service teachers. Journal of Experimental Education, 72, 69-92.
• OECD (2018). The future of education and skills Education 2030. Retrieved from
• https://www.oecd.org/education/2030/E2030%20Position%20Paper%20(05.04.2018).pdf on December 20, 2018
• Partnership for 21st Century Skills. (2014). Learning for the 21st Century: A Report and MILE Guide for 21st Century Skills. Partnership for 21st Century Skills. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED480035.pdf
• Partnership for 21st Century Skills. (2009). P21 Framework Definitions. Partnership for 21st Century Skills (P 21). Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED519462.pdf on December 21, 2018.
• Partnership for 21st Century Skills. (2008b). 21st century skills, education, & competitiveness: A resource & policy guide. Retrieved from http://www.p21.org/storage/documents/21st_century_skills_education_and_competitiveness_guide.pdf on December12, 2018.
• Partnership for 21st Century Skills (2007). P21’s Framework for 21st Century Learning. Retrieved from http://www.p21.org/our-work/p21-framework on December 12, 2018
• Peters, J. H. (2012). Are they ready? Final year pre-service teachers’ learning about managing student behavior. The Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 37(9), 18-42.
• https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2012v37n9.2.
• Rotherham, A.J., & Willingham, D. (2009). Twenty-first-century skills: The challenges ahead. Educational Leadership, 67(1), p. 16–21.
• Runco, M. A., & Johnson, D. J. (2002). Parents’ and teachers’ implicit theories of children’s creativity: A cross-cultural perspective. Creativity Research Journal, 14(3/4), 427–438.
• Slabbert, J. A. (2006). Radically innovative: PGCE lecturer information package: University of Pretoria, Faculty of Education.
• Sutton, S.R. (2011). The Preservice technology training experiences of novice teachers, Journal of Digital Learning in technology Education, 28(1), 39-47.
• Trilling, B., & Fadel, C. (2009). 21st century skills: Learning for life in our times. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley & Sons.
• Voogt, J., Erstad, O., Dede, C., & Mishra, P. (2013). Challenges to learning and schooling in the digital networked world of the twenty-first century. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 29, 403–413.
• Willis, E. M., & Tucker, G. R. (2001). Using constructionism to teach constructivism: Modeling hands-on technology integration in a preservice teacher technology course. Journal of Computing in Teacher Education, 17(2), 4-7.