Dina Arma’nın ‘Eve Giden Yol’ (Doroga domoy, 2009) Romanında Hafıza, Tarih ve Benlik Kavramlarının İnşası

Öz

Geçmişte ve günümüzde toplumsal tarihi inkar edilen, ulusal varlığı değersizleştirilip hor görülen bir halk olan Çerkeslerin entellektüel ve edebi kurgularında tarih kavramı endişe ve kızgınlık kaynağıdır. Dina Arma’nın Rusça yazılmış otobiyografik romanı Eve Giden Yol (Doroga domoy), ait olduğu mekanlardan koparılmış, kimlik arayışı içinde olan bir bireyin kendini tanıma serüvenin kültürlerarası ilişkiler perspektifinden anlatımıdır. Bu roman kimlik bunalımı kavramını ve kendi kimliğini tanımlamaya ve kendi parçalanmış tarihinin parçalarını bir araya getirmeye çalışan, geçmişte sömürgeleştirilmiş ve halen de sömürge durumunda olan bir halka ait bireyin yaşadığı hayal kırıklığı ve öfkeyi betimliyor.  Bu roman aynı zamanda, geçmişin ve kolonyal karşılaşmalarla yıpranmış ‘öz’ün yeniden keşfi serüveninde yaşanan ulusal hafızanın uyanışını anlatıyor. Ben bu makalede şu sorulara yanıt bulmaya çalışacağım:  Yazar, mekan ya da ev kavramlarını nasıl kurguluyor ve tanımlıyor? Bu kavramların hafıza ve kimlik kavramlarıyla ilişkisi nedir? Yazar tarihi yeniden yazma ve kurgulama sürecini nasıl gerçekleştiriyor? Yeniden var olma ve bireyin kendi kültür ve kimliğini dönüştürme yöntemlerini nasıl tanımlıyor?

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Post-kolonyal Çerkes literatürü
• hafızanın dekolonizasyonu
• travma
• tarih dışı bırakılmak
• ulusötesilik
• benliğin inşası
• sınır düşüncesi ve var olma hali

Memory, History, and the Construction of Self in Dina Arma’s Novel The Road Home (Doroga domoy) (2009)

Öz

History looms large in Circassian intellectual and literary imagination as a source of anxiety, anger, and affirmation for a people who were and still are denied history, whose humanity was at once disdained and derided. Dina Arma’s autobiographical novel in Russian The Road Home (Дорога домой) is a narrative of self-exploration written from the transcultural perspective of a displaced person in search of her identity. It is a novel about identity crisis and the frustrations of a person striving to capture and to define his or her identity, especially if that person was and remains a colonial person who struggles to put together the fragmented pieces of his or her shattered history. It is a novel that describes the reawakening of national memory that takes place through the process of recovering the past and the self that has been damaged by colonial encounters. In the following article, I will examine the questions: How does Arma construct and define the concept of place or home? How does it relate to memory and identity? How does Arma engage in the process of rewriting and reconstructing history and how does she articulate the ways of re-existence and transformation of one’s culture and identity?

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Circassian (post)colonial literature
• the road home
• decolonization of memory
• trauma
• historical omissions
• transnationality
• construction of self
• border thinking and being

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