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Artvin İnanç Turizmi Değerlerine İlişkin Ziyaretçi Deneyimlerinin Çevrimiçi Kullanıcı Yorumları Ekseninde Analizi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 304 - 324, 30.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.51525/johti.1798294
https://izlik.org/JA79MR87FG

Öz

Artvin ili, sahip olduğu doğal çekicilikleri kadar inanç turizmi değerleri ile de önemli bir turizm destinasyonudur. Mevcut literatürde destinasyonun genellikle doğa turizmi ekseninde incelendiği, inanç turizmi boyutunun ise göz ardı edildiği görülmektedir. Bu boşluktan hareketle araştırmanın temel amacı; Artvin’deki kilise ve camileri ziyaret eden turistlerin deneyimlerini, kullanıcılar tarafından oluşturulan çevrimiçi içeriklere dayanarak analiz etmektir. Bu temel amaç ışığında; (1) ziyaretçi deneyimlerindeki olumlu ve olumsuz unsurların tespit edilmesi ve (2) elde edilen bulgular ışığında destinasyon yöneticileri ve politika yapıcılara yönelik öneriler geliştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, 12 Kasım 2024 itibarıyla Google Haritalar ve Tripadvisor platformlarından elde edilen 910 çevrimiçi yorum, MAXQDA 2020 nitel veri analizi yazılımı kullanılarak içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırma bulguları, cami ziyaretlerinde mimari estetiğe dayalı genel beğeninin ve tavsiye etme eğiliminin baskın olduğunu; olumsuz geri bildirimlerin ise sayıca az olmakla birlikte bakımsızlık üzerinde yoğunlaştığını göstermektedir. Buna karşın kilise ziyaretlerinde, görülmeye değer bulunma ve tavsiye edilme yönündeki olumlu görüşlerin yanı sıra, fiziksel tahribat, koruma eksikliği ve ulaşım güçlüklerinden kaynaklanan memnuniyetsizliğin daha belirgin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Abad-Galzacorta, M., Guereño-Omil, B., Makua, A., Iriberri, J. L. & Santomà, R. (2016). Pilgrimage as tourism experience: The case of the Ignatian Way. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 4(4), 48-66.
  • Akyol, C. (2015). Artvin ilinin mevcut turizm potansiyeli ve niş pazarlamanın uygulanabilirliği. Uluslararası Karadeniz Havzası Halk Bilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(2), 144-172.
  • Albayrak, T., Herstein, R., Caber, M., Drori, N., Bideci, M. & Berger, R. (2018). Exploring religious tourist experiences in Jerusalem: The intersection of Abrahamic religions. Tourism Management, 69, 285-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.06.022
  • Alharbi, A., Pandit, A., Rosenberg III, P. J. & Miah, S. (2025). Understanding AI-enabled conversational agent customer experiences in religious tourism. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 16(9), 2569-2595. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-07-2024-0309
  • Bahadır, M. & Işık, F. (2021). Şavşat peribacalarının (Artvin) jeomorfolojisi ve jeoturizm potansiyeli. Kesit Akademi Dergisi, 7(26), 145-160.
  • Bond, N., Packer, J. & Ballantyne, R. (2015). Exploring visitor experiences, activities and benefits at three religious tourism sites. International Journal of Tourism Research, 17, 471-481. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2014
  • Braun, V. & Clarke V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
  • Coşkun, R. & Çelebioğlu, B. (2020). Artvin Borçka’daki yığma ahşap camiler. Journal of FSMVU Faculty of Architecture and Design, 1(2), 142-160.
  • Choe, J. (2025). Religious tourism. Tourism Geographies, 27(3-4), 830–839.
  • Cohen, E. (1979). A phenomenology of tourist experiences. Sociology, 13(2), 179–201.
  • Çam, O. (2025). İnanç turizmi kapsamında bir kutsal mekân değerlendirmesi: Saint Pierre Kilisesi. Journal of Applied Tourism Research, 6(1), 77-98.
  • Duran-Sanchez, A., Alvarez-Garcia, J., de la Cruz del Rio-Rama, M. & Oliveira, C. (2018). Religious tourism and pilgrimage: Bibliometric overview. Religions, 9(9), 249.
  • Gürdal, K. (2023). Konya ilinin inanç turizmi potansiyelinin değerlendirilmesi ve Konya’daki turist rehberlerinin inanç turizmine bakış açıları (Tez No: 834655) [Yüksek Lisans Tezi Aksaray Üniversitesi], Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
  • Haq, F., & Jackson, J. (2009). Spiritual journey to Hajj: Australian and Pakistani experience and expectations. Journal of Management Spirituality and Religion, 6(2), 141-156. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766080902815155
  • Huang, K. & Pearce, P. (2019). Visitors’ perceptions of religious tourism destinations. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 14, 100371.
  • Kamenidou, I., Stavrianea, A. & Mamalis, S. (2024). Male cohort differences based on religious memorable tourism experiences. Recent Advancements in Tourism Business, Technology and Social Sciences, 1001-1011. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-54338-8_59
  • Kasim, A. (2011). Balancing tourism and religious experience: Understanding devotees’ perspectives on Thaipusam in Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 20(3-4), 441-456. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2011.562437
  • Katkat Özçelik, M. (2016). Gürcistan ile Türkiye’nin ticari ilişkisi ve Artvin’deki ticarete etkisi. Karadeniz Araştırmaları, 13(52), 211-232.
  • Keskin, M. A. (2022). Gelenekten geleceğe Artvin kültür turizminde İbrikli. Folklor Akademi Dergisi, 5(1), 141-152.
  • Kim, B. & Kim, S. (Sam). (2019). The effect of religious tourism experiences on personal values. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 7(2), 85-93.
  • Kodas, B., & Subaşı, A. (2025). A netnographic analysis of tourists’ memorable tourism experiences: The case of historical Egyptian (Spice) Bazaar in Istanbul. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 11(1), 104-119. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-05-2024-0105
  • Korkut, T., & Aktaş, Y. D. (2025). İşhan (İşhani) Manastır Kilisesi’nin dünü ve bugünü. Journal of Academic Tourism Studies, 4(2), 97-119.
  • KTB. (2025). Kültür Turizmi. https://artvin.ktb.gov.tr/TR-55861/tarihi-yapilar.html
  • Kültür Portalı. (2025). Artvin’de gezilecek yerler. https://www.kulturportali.gov.tr/turkiye/artvin/gezilecekyer?ilId=76vekeyword=vetur=0veturizmtur=0vegorsel=0venearest=0veetiket=vesayfa=7vesayi=12velat=0velang=0
  • Lin, C.-F., & Fu, C.-S. (2020). Cognitive implications of experiencing religious tourism: An integrated approach of means–end chain and social network theories. International Journal of Tourism Research, 22(1), 71-80. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2319
  • Lochrie, S., Baxter, I. W. F., Collinson, E., Curran, R., Gannon, M. J., Taheri, B., Thompson, J., & Yalinay, O. (2019). Self-expression and play: Can religious tourism be hedonistic? Tourism Recreation Research, 44(1), 2-16. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2018.1545825
  • MacCannell, D. (1973). Staged authenticity: Arrangements of social space in tourist settings. American Journal of Sociology, 79(3), 589–603. https://doi.org/10.1086/225585
  • Mercadal, T. (2017). Religious tourism. In The sage international encyclopedia of travel and tourism, 4, (ss.1018-1022). SAGE Publications, Inc, https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483368924.n375
  • Ocak, M. T., & Tanyeli, G. (2024). Tao-Klarceti Bölgesi’nde 1888-1917 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilen mimari belgeleme çalışmaları. TÜBA-AR Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi, 35, 211-227.
  • Okuyucu, A. (2020). İnanç turizmi açısından Türkiye’de dini çekiciliklerin dağılışı. Turkish Studies Social, 15(5), 2611-2628. https://dx.doi.org/10.47356/TurkishStudies.44886
  • Olsen, D. H., & Esplin, S. C. (2020). The role of religious leaders in religious heritage tourism development: The case of the church of Jesus christ of latter-day saints. Religions, 11(5), 256. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel11050256 Religious Tourism Market Report. (2025). What is covered under religious tourism market?. https://www.thebusinessresearchcompany.com/report/religious-tourism-global-market-report
  • Sargın, S. (2006). Yalvaç’ta inanç turizmi. Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 16(2), 1-18.
  • Sharma, V. (2014). Faith tourism: For a healthy environment and a more sensitive world. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 1(1), 15-23.
  • Shinde, K. A. (2007). Case study 6: Visiting sacred sites in India: religious tourism or pilgrimage?. İçinde R.Raj ve N. D. Morpeth (Edit.), Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage Festivals Management: An International Perspective (ss. 184-197), CABI.
  • Şahin, İ., & Güzel, F. Ö. (2024). Dimensions of spirituality in tourism: Developing the spiritual tourism experience scale (STES). Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 34, 100955. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2024.100955
  • Terzidou, M. (2020). Re-materialising the religious tourism experience: A post-human perspective. Annals of Tourism Research, 83, 102924. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.102924
  • Tokat, F., & Çiçekdağı, M. (2024). Mevlâna felsefesinde mistisizm arayışının inanç turizmi perspektifinden incelenmesi: Nitel bir araştırma. Safran Kültür ve Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(3), 523-548.
  • Yuan, X., & Li, Z. (2025). Influence of the religious tourism experience on destination loyalty: The mediating effect of awe and the moderating effect of prior knowledge in Guiyuan Temple, China. Journal of Religion and Health. Gelecek yayın, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-025-02494-1

Analysis of Visitor Experiences Related to Faith-Based Tourism Assets in Artvin: An Examination Through Online User Reviews

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 304 - 324, 30.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.51525/johti.1798294
https://izlik.org/JA79MR87FG

Öz

Artvin Province is a significant tourism destination not only due to its natural attractions but also because of its religious tourism assets. The existing literature predominantly examines the destination within the framework of nature-based tourism, while its religious tourism dimension remains largely overlooked. Addressing this gap, the primary objective of the present study is to analyze the experiences of tourists visiting churches and mosques in Artvin based on user-generated online content. In line with this main objective, the study aims to (1) identify the positive and negative elements of visitor experiences and (2) develop recommendations for destination managers and policymakers in light of the findings. For this purpose, a total of 910 online reviews collected from Google Maps and Tripadvisor platforms as of November 12, 2024, were subjected to content analysis using the qualitative data analysis software MAXQDA 2020. The findings reveal that mosque visits are predominantly characterized by overall appreciation based on architectural aesthetics and a strong tendency to recommend, while negative feedback—although limited in number—primarily focuses on issues related to inadequate maintenance. In contrast, visits to churches demonstrate not only positive evaluations regarding their worthiness to be seen and recommended but also more pronounced dissatisfaction stemming from physical deterioration, insufficient conservation efforts, and accessibility challenges.

Kaynakça

  • Abad-Galzacorta, M., Guereño-Omil, B., Makua, A., Iriberri, J. L. & Santomà, R. (2016). Pilgrimage as tourism experience: The case of the Ignatian Way. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 4(4), 48-66.
  • Akyol, C. (2015). Artvin ilinin mevcut turizm potansiyeli ve niş pazarlamanın uygulanabilirliği. Uluslararası Karadeniz Havzası Halk Bilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(2), 144-172.
  • Albayrak, T., Herstein, R., Caber, M., Drori, N., Bideci, M. & Berger, R. (2018). Exploring religious tourist experiences in Jerusalem: The intersection of Abrahamic religions. Tourism Management, 69, 285-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.06.022
  • Alharbi, A., Pandit, A., Rosenberg III, P. J. & Miah, S. (2025). Understanding AI-enabled conversational agent customer experiences in religious tourism. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 16(9), 2569-2595. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-07-2024-0309
  • Bahadır, M. & Işık, F. (2021). Şavşat peribacalarının (Artvin) jeomorfolojisi ve jeoturizm potansiyeli. Kesit Akademi Dergisi, 7(26), 145-160.
  • Bond, N., Packer, J. & Ballantyne, R. (2015). Exploring visitor experiences, activities and benefits at three religious tourism sites. International Journal of Tourism Research, 17, 471-481. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2014
  • Braun, V. & Clarke V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
  • Coşkun, R. & Çelebioğlu, B. (2020). Artvin Borçka’daki yığma ahşap camiler. Journal of FSMVU Faculty of Architecture and Design, 1(2), 142-160.
  • Choe, J. (2025). Religious tourism. Tourism Geographies, 27(3-4), 830–839.
  • Cohen, E. (1979). A phenomenology of tourist experiences. Sociology, 13(2), 179–201.
  • Çam, O. (2025). İnanç turizmi kapsamında bir kutsal mekân değerlendirmesi: Saint Pierre Kilisesi. Journal of Applied Tourism Research, 6(1), 77-98.
  • Duran-Sanchez, A., Alvarez-Garcia, J., de la Cruz del Rio-Rama, M. & Oliveira, C. (2018). Religious tourism and pilgrimage: Bibliometric overview. Religions, 9(9), 249.
  • Gürdal, K. (2023). Konya ilinin inanç turizmi potansiyelinin değerlendirilmesi ve Konya’daki turist rehberlerinin inanç turizmine bakış açıları (Tez No: 834655) [Yüksek Lisans Tezi Aksaray Üniversitesi], Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
  • Haq, F., & Jackson, J. (2009). Spiritual journey to Hajj: Australian and Pakistani experience and expectations. Journal of Management Spirituality and Religion, 6(2), 141-156. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766080902815155
  • Huang, K. & Pearce, P. (2019). Visitors’ perceptions of religious tourism destinations. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 14, 100371.
  • Kamenidou, I., Stavrianea, A. & Mamalis, S. (2024). Male cohort differences based on religious memorable tourism experiences. Recent Advancements in Tourism Business, Technology and Social Sciences, 1001-1011. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-54338-8_59
  • Kasim, A. (2011). Balancing tourism and religious experience: Understanding devotees’ perspectives on Thaipusam in Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 20(3-4), 441-456. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2011.562437
  • Katkat Özçelik, M. (2016). Gürcistan ile Türkiye’nin ticari ilişkisi ve Artvin’deki ticarete etkisi. Karadeniz Araştırmaları, 13(52), 211-232.
  • Keskin, M. A. (2022). Gelenekten geleceğe Artvin kültür turizminde İbrikli. Folklor Akademi Dergisi, 5(1), 141-152.
  • Kim, B. & Kim, S. (Sam). (2019). The effect of religious tourism experiences on personal values. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 7(2), 85-93.
  • Kodas, B., & Subaşı, A. (2025). A netnographic analysis of tourists’ memorable tourism experiences: The case of historical Egyptian (Spice) Bazaar in Istanbul. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 11(1), 104-119. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-05-2024-0105
  • Korkut, T., & Aktaş, Y. D. (2025). İşhan (İşhani) Manastır Kilisesi’nin dünü ve bugünü. Journal of Academic Tourism Studies, 4(2), 97-119.
  • KTB. (2025). Kültür Turizmi. https://artvin.ktb.gov.tr/TR-55861/tarihi-yapilar.html
  • Kültür Portalı. (2025). Artvin’de gezilecek yerler. https://www.kulturportali.gov.tr/turkiye/artvin/gezilecekyer?ilId=76vekeyword=vetur=0veturizmtur=0vegorsel=0venearest=0veetiket=vesayfa=7vesayi=12velat=0velang=0
  • Lin, C.-F., & Fu, C.-S. (2020). Cognitive implications of experiencing religious tourism: An integrated approach of means–end chain and social network theories. International Journal of Tourism Research, 22(1), 71-80. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2319
  • Lochrie, S., Baxter, I. W. F., Collinson, E., Curran, R., Gannon, M. J., Taheri, B., Thompson, J., & Yalinay, O. (2019). Self-expression and play: Can religious tourism be hedonistic? Tourism Recreation Research, 44(1), 2-16. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2018.1545825
  • MacCannell, D. (1973). Staged authenticity: Arrangements of social space in tourist settings. American Journal of Sociology, 79(3), 589–603. https://doi.org/10.1086/225585
  • Mercadal, T. (2017). Religious tourism. In The sage international encyclopedia of travel and tourism, 4, (ss.1018-1022). SAGE Publications, Inc, https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483368924.n375
  • Ocak, M. T., & Tanyeli, G. (2024). Tao-Klarceti Bölgesi’nde 1888-1917 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilen mimari belgeleme çalışmaları. TÜBA-AR Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi, 35, 211-227.
  • Okuyucu, A. (2020). İnanç turizmi açısından Türkiye’de dini çekiciliklerin dağılışı. Turkish Studies Social, 15(5), 2611-2628. https://dx.doi.org/10.47356/TurkishStudies.44886
  • Olsen, D. H., & Esplin, S. C. (2020). The role of religious leaders in religious heritage tourism development: The case of the church of Jesus christ of latter-day saints. Religions, 11(5), 256. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel11050256 Religious Tourism Market Report. (2025). What is covered under religious tourism market?. https://www.thebusinessresearchcompany.com/report/religious-tourism-global-market-report
  • Sargın, S. (2006). Yalvaç’ta inanç turizmi. Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 16(2), 1-18.
  • Sharma, V. (2014). Faith tourism: For a healthy environment and a more sensitive world. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 1(1), 15-23.
  • Shinde, K. A. (2007). Case study 6: Visiting sacred sites in India: religious tourism or pilgrimage?. İçinde R.Raj ve N. D. Morpeth (Edit.), Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage Festivals Management: An International Perspective (ss. 184-197), CABI.
  • Şahin, İ., & Güzel, F. Ö. (2024). Dimensions of spirituality in tourism: Developing the spiritual tourism experience scale (STES). Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 34, 100955. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2024.100955
  • Terzidou, M. (2020). Re-materialising the religious tourism experience: A post-human perspective. Annals of Tourism Research, 83, 102924. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.102924
  • Tokat, F., & Çiçekdağı, M. (2024). Mevlâna felsefesinde mistisizm arayışının inanç turizmi perspektifinden incelenmesi: Nitel bir araştırma. Safran Kültür ve Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(3), 523-548.
  • Yuan, X., & Li, Z. (2025). Influence of the religious tourism experience on destination loyalty: The mediating effect of awe and the moderating effect of prior knowledge in Guiyuan Temple, China. Journal of Religion and Health. Gelecek yayın, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-025-02494-1
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Kültürel Miras Turizmi, Ziyaretçi ve İzleyici Çalışmaları, Sürdürülebilir Turizm
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Turgut Türkoğlu 0000-0002-9535-1908

Ekrem Aydın 0000-0003-2181-6984

Burcu Kıvılcım Zorba 0000-0003-4745-984X

Gönderilme Tarihi 6 Ekim 2025
Kabul Tarihi 29 Aralık 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2025
DOI https://doi.org/10.51525/johti.1798294
IZ https://izlik.org/JA79MR87FG
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Türkoğlu, T., Aydın, E., & Kıvılcım Zorba, B. (2025). Artvin İnanç Turizmi Değerlerine İlişkin Ziyaretçi Deneyimlerinin Çevrimiçi Kullanıcı Yorumları Ekseninde Analizi. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Issues, 7(2), 304-324. https://doi.org/10.51525/johti.1798294