Grapevine Hydraulic Conductivity: Aquaporins

Öz

Grapevine, initially cultivated in the Anatolian and Transcaucasian regions, has become an important species spread from China to America, from Australia to South Africa, and across Mediterranean countries today. Its high adaptability to environmental factors has facilitated its worldwide dissemination. Consequently, even in semi-arid regions, economic grape cultivation is feasible. One of the main reasons for grapevine's high tolerance to drought is its effective utilization of plant hydraulic conductivity mechanisms. The primary regulators of hydraulic conductivity in grapevines are aquaporins. Aquaporins, which are water channel proteins, are involved in various activities ranging from the closure of stomata to avoiding embolism and cavitation, facilitating easier water uptake by roots from the soil, and regulating osmotic balance within cells. This review focuses on aquaporins, which play a significant role in regulating hydraulic conductivity in grapevines against abiotic stress factors such as drought.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Passive water transport
• Vitis vinifera
• abiotic stress
• PIPs
• TIPs

Asma Hidrolik İletkenliği: Akuaporinler

Öz

Asma, ilk kez Anadolu ve Transkafkasya Bölgesinde kültüre alınan ve günümüzde Çin’den Amerika’ya, Avusturalya’dan Güney Afrika’ya ve Akdeniz ülkelerine kadar yayılmış önemli bir türdür. Çevresel faktörlere karşı adaptasyon yeteneğinin yüksek olması dünya üzerinde yayılmasına imkân sağlamıştır. Bu sayede yarı kurak bölgelerde bile ekonomik anlamda üzüm yetiştiriciliği yapılabilmektedir. Asmanın kuraklığa karşı toleransının yüksek olmasının en önemli nedenlerinden bir tanesi bitki hidrolik iletkenlik ile ilgili mekanizmaları etkin kullanabilmesidir. Asmadaki hidrolik iletkenliğin temel düzenleyicisi ise akuaporinlerdir. Su kanal proteinleri olan akuaporinler, stomaların kapanmasından, emboli ve kavitasyondan kaçınmaya, köklerin topraktan daha kolay su almasını sağlamaya ve hücrelerdeki ozmotik dengeyi düzenlemeye kadar pek çok faaliyette görev almaktadırlar. Bu derlemede, asma bitkisinin kuraklık gibi abiyotik stres faktörlerine karşı hidrolik iletkenliğinin düzenlenmesinde önemli rol oynayan akuaporinlere odaklanılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pasif su taşınımı
• Vitis vinifera
• Abiyotik stres
• PIP
• TIP

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