AN INQUIRY INTO THE POTENTIAL OF PERFORMANCE-BASED CEILING SYSTEMS IN SPATIAL CONFIGRUATION OF INTERIORS

Öz

In the field of interior architecture, the ceiling plane has predominantly been conceptualized as a passive surface, primarily serving to conceal technical infrastructure or support visual continuity; while its potential as an active design component in shaping spatial organization has remained limited. In contemporary practice, however, the implementation of performance-based systems at the interior scale has repositioned such planes as responsive interfaces that interact with environmental data. This study aims to investigate how ceiling systems, when shaped through performance-driven design approaches, can generate formal expression and structure behavioral organization within interior environments by mediating the control of physical conditions. Accordingly, six projects developed through performance-based design strategies: The Lowline Lab (USA), Philips Lighting Atrium (Netherlands), Kunsthaus Graz (Austria), Resonant Chamber (USA), LAVA Axon (Germany), and the Voxman Music Building – Iowa Concert Hall (USA) were selected as research cases via purposive sampling. Each project was analyzed through visual and technical documentation, using a framework structured around ten parameters grouped under two analytical axes: “Spatial Expression” (formal articulation, material–tactile effect, atmospheric staging, spatial organization, contextual interaction) and “Behavioral Organization Potential” (user interaction potential, directional influence, focal emphasis, scenario adaptability, perceptual comfort). Findings reveal that ceiling systems designed through performance-based approaches operate beyond basic functions of environmental control, emerging instead as multilayered design interfaces that shape spatial identity, organize user behavior, and construct experiential atmospheres. The research thus opens up a discussion on how interior space can be conceived as a productive and transformable domain through the interplay of environmental, formal, and behavioral parameters.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Performance-Based Design
• Physical Environmental Control
• Interior Architecture
• Interior Space
• Ceiling Design

PERFORMANS TEMELLİ TAVAN SİSTEMLERİNİN İÇ MEKAN KURGUSUNDAKİ POTANSİYELİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME

Öz

İç mimarlık alanında tavan düzlemi, çoğunlukla teknik altyapıyı barındıran ya da görsel bütünlüğün sağlanmasına hizmet eden edilgen bir yüzey olarak ele alınmış; mekansal kurgunun biçimlenmesinde etkin bir tasarım bileşeni olarak değerlendirilmesi ise sınırlı kalmıştır. Oysa çağdaş pratikte, performans temelli sistemlerin iç mekan ölçeğinde uygulanması ile birlikte, düzlemler çevresel verilerle etkileşim kuran etken arayüzler haline gelmeye başlamıştır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, performans temelli tasarım anlayışıyla biçimlendirilen tavan sistemlerinin, fiziksel çevreyi kontrol etme biçimi üzerinden iç mekanda biçimsel ifade üretimi ve davranışsal örgütleme potansiyelini incelemektir. Bu kapsamda, performans odaklı tasarım stratejileri doğrultusunda kurgulanmış olan altı proje: The Lowline Lab (ABD), Philips Aydınlatma Atrium (Hollanda), Kunsthaus Graz (Avusturya), Resonant Chamber (ABD), LAVA Axon (Almanya) ve Voxman Müzik Binası – Iowa Konser Salonu (ABD) amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi ile analiz birimleri olarak seçilmiştir. Söz konusu projeler, görsel ve teknik dokümantasyon üzerinden incelenmiş ve “Mekansal İfade” (biçimsel temsil, malzeme-doku etkisi, atmosfer kurgulama, uzamsal örgütleme, bağlamsal etkileşim) ile “Davranışsal Örgütlenme Potansiyeli” (kullanıcı etkileşimi potansiyeli, yönlendirme potansiyeli, odaklama etkisi, kullanım senaryolarına adaptasyon, algısal konfor niteliği) olmak üzere iki eksen altında yapılandırılmış on parametre doğrultusunda analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, performans temelli yaklaşımla tasarlanan tavan sistemlerinin, fiziksel çevre kontrolü olarak tanımlanan temel işlevlerinin ötesinde; mekanın biçimsel kimliğini şekillendiren, kullanıcı davranışını örgütleyen ve deneyimsel atmosferi kuran çok katmanlı bir tasarım arayüzüne dönüşme potansiyelini ortaya koymaktadır. Araştırma, çevresel, biçimsel ve davranışsal veriler arasında kurulan etkileşim üzerinden iç mekanın nasıl üretken ve dönüştürülebilir bir düzleme taşınabileceğini tartışmaya açmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Performans Temelli Tasarım
• Fiziksel Çevre Kontrolü
• İç Mimarlık
• İç Mekan
• Tavan Tasarımı

Kaynakça

1. Badino, E., Shtrepi, L. ve Astolfi, A. (2020). Acoustic performance-based design: A brief overview of the opportunities and limits in current practice, Acoustics, Vol. 2, Issue 2, pp. 246–278. https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics2020016.
2. Gagne, J.M. ve Andersen, M. (2010). Multi-objective facade optimization for daylighting design using a genetic algorithm. SimBuild 2010 Proceedings. (New York, 11–14 Ağustos 2010). s. 110–117.
3. Gerber, D.J., Pantazis, E. ve Wang, A. (2017). A multi-agent approach for performance based architecture: Design exploring geometry, user, and environmental agencies in façades, Automation in Construction, Vol. 76, pp. 45–58.
4. Hensel, M. (2010). Performance-oriented architecture: Towards a biological paradigm for architectural design and the built environment, FORMAkademisk, Vol. 3, Issue 1, pp. 36–56.
5. Kalay, Y.E. (1999). Performance-based design, Automation in Construction, Vol. 8, Issue 4, pp. 395–409. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0926-5805(98)00086-7.
6. Oxman, R. (2008). Performance-based design: Current practices and research issues, International Journal of Architectural Computing, Vol. 6, Issue 1, pp. 1–17.
7. Peters, B. (2010). Acoustic performance as a design driver: Sound simulation and parametric modeling using SmartGeometry, International Journal of Architectural Computing, Vol. 8, Issue 3, pp. 337–358. https://doi.org/10.1260/1478-0771.8.3.337.
8. Shi, X. (2010). Performance-based and performance-driven architectural design and optimization, Frontiers of Architecture and Civil Engineering in China, Vol. 4, Issue 4, pp. 512–518.

9. Spaeth, A.B. (2016). Acoustics as design driver, Architectural Science Review, Vol. 59, Issue 2, pp. 148–158.
10. Türk Dil Kurumu. (t.y.). Performans. Türk Dil Kurumu. Erişim tarihi: 5 Mayıs 2025, http://www.tdk.gov.tr.
11. URL 1. The Lowline, “The Lowline Lab”, https://thelowline.org/lab/, 15.03.2025.
12. URL 2. ArchDaily, “Sneak Peek at the World’s First Underground Park: The Lowline”, https://www.archdaily.com/775937/sneak-peek-at-the-worlds-first-underground-park-the-lowline, 15.03.2025.
13. URL 3. Wikipedia contributors, “Lowline (park)”, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lowline_(park), 15.03.2025.
14. URL 4. ArchDaily, “Let There Be (Intelligent) Light / LAVA”, https://www.archdaily.com/791163/let-there-be-intelligent-light-lava, 03.03.2025.
15. URL 5. Matthijs Laroi, “Philips Lighting”, https://www.matthijslaroi.com/portfolio/philips_lighting/, 13.03.2025.
16. URL 6. ArchDaily, “Kunsthaus Graz: A Friendly Alien Among Historic Landmarks”, https://www.archdaily.com/1024004/kunsthaus-graz-a-friendly-alien-among-historic-landmarks, 15.03.2025.
17. URL 7. Arkitektüel, “Kunsthaus Graz”, https://www.arkitektuel.com/kunsthaus-graz/, 15.03.2025.
18. URL 8. ArchDaily, “Resonant Chamber / RVTR”, https://www.archdaily.com/227233/resonant-chamber-rvtr, 12.03.2025.
19. URL 9. RVTR, “Resonant Chamber Project”, https://www.rvtr.com/projects/resonant-chamber, 12.03.2025.
20. URL 10. Matthijs Laroi, “LAVA Axon”, https://www.matthijslaroi.com/portfolio/lava-axon/, 15.03.2025.
21. URL 11. Fab Academy, “LAVA Project at Fab Lab Napoli”, https://archive.fabacademy.org/archives/2017/fablabnapoli/students/118/lava.html, 15.03.2025.
22. URL 12. LMN Architects, “Theatroacoustic System for University of Iowa Concert Hall”, https://lmnarchitects.com/lmn-research/theatroacoustic-system-for-university-of-iowa-concert-hall, 20.03.2025.
23. URL 13. Architect Magazine, “University of Iowa Voxman Music Building’s Theatroacoustic Ceiling System”, https://www.architectmagazine.com/technology/architectural-detail/university-of-iowa-voxman-music-buildings-theatroacoustic-ceiling-system_o, 20.03.2025.