The Effect of Grass Juices on The Agricultural Properties of Legumes Grown in Different Root Media

Öz

The consumption of grass juices obtained from cereals for health purposes is increasing day by day. For this purpose, research on different plant solutions has gained momentum. In our study, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and oat (Avena sativa L.) grass juices grown in hydroponic conditions were used. Obtained grass juices were applied to pea and lupine seeds in 100% soil (control), 100% pumice, 100% perlite, 100% tea waste and 100% cocopeat substrate. Germination percentage, germination rate, average daily germination, peak value, germination value, root dry and fresh weight, stem dry and fresh weight, root and stem length, plant yield, grass yield, plant yield seed rate, macro and micro (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn) mineral substance contents were investigated pea and lupine. Grass juices were obtained by mowing barley and oat seeds sown in 30 × 50 × 7 cm plastic tubs in ten days and passing them through a juicer. Pea and lupine 25 seeds, which were placed in each pot, were grown in different root media (100% soil, 100% cocopeat, 100% pumice, 100% perlite, and 100% tea waste) under in vitro conditions. 150 ml of water (control), barley grass juice, oat grass juice and barley + oat grass juice were applied to the seeds according to their subjects. The experiment was carried out in 400 pots with 10 replications x 2 species x 4 treatments x 5 media, according to the factorial fully randomised design. As a result of the research, germination physiology (germination percentage, germination rate, average daily germination, peak value and germination value), mineral substance content (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn), growth and yield parameters at (root dry and wet weight, stem dry and wet weight, root and stem length, plant yield, grass yield, plant yield seed rate) barley grass juice application was found to be more effective than other applications after control. In all parameters examined in the research, it was determined that the five different medias used as growing media followed the order of soil>cocopeat>pumice>perlite>tea waste, and after the control and the best growing medium was cocopeat.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Germination
• Hordeum vulgare L. and Avena sativa L. juice
• Hydroponic
• Cocopeat
• Perlite
• Yield

Farklı Kök Ortamlarında Yetiştirilen Baklagillerin Tarımsal Özellikleri Üzerine Çimsularının Etkisi

Öz

The consumption of grass juices obtained from cereals for health purposes is increasing day by day. For this purpose, research on different plant solutions has gained momentum. In our study, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and oat (Avena sativa L.) grass juices grown in hydroponic conditions were used. Obtained grass juices were applied to pea and lupine seeds in 100% soil (control), pumice, perlite, tea grass and cocopeat substrat. Germination rate, germination speed, average daily germination, peak value, germination value, root dry and fresh weight, stem dry and fresh weight, root and stem length, plant yield, grass yield, plant yield seed rate, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn mineral substance contents were investigated pea and lupine. Grass juices were obtained by mowing barley and oat seeds sown in 30 × 50 × 7 cm plastic tubs in ten days and passing them through a juicer. Peas and lupine seeds were grown under in vitro conditions, 25 pieces of which were placed in each pot. 150 ml of water (control), barley grass juice, oat grass juice and barley + oat grass juice were applied to the seeds according to their subjects. The experiment was carried out according to the randomized plots factorial design with 10 replications × 2 species × 4 applications × 5 environments. As a result of the research, barley grass juice application was found to be more effective than other applications after control in germination physiology, mineral content, growth and yield parameters. It was determined that the investigated parameters followed the order of soil > cocopeate > pumice > perlite > tea waste of the used substrates.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çimlenme
• Hordeum vulgare L. ve Avena sativa L. suyu
• Hidroponik
• Cocopeat
• Perlit
• Verim

Kaynakça

1. Akgun, I., Ayata, R. and Karaman, R. (2018). Effect of wheat grass (Triticum aestivum l.) juice on seed germination. Academia Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 1(4): 19-24.
2. Altuner, F., Oral, E. and Baran, İ. (2022). Bazı arpa (Hordeum vulgare L.) çeşitlerinde tuz (NaCl) stresinin çimlenme özellikleri üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 19(1): 39-50. (in Turkish with an abstract in English).
3. AOAC, (1990). Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. The Association, Arlington, VA, Washington, DC.
4. Ashok, A. S. (2011). Phytohemical and pharmacologial screening of wheat grass juice (Triticum aestivum L.). International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 9(1): 159-164.
5. Callaway, R. M. (2002). The detection of neighbors by plants. Trends Ecology Evollution, 17: 104-105.
6. Czabator, F. J. (1962). Germination Value: An index combining speed and completeness of pine seed germination. Forest Science, 8: 386-395.
7. Dung, D. D., Godwin, I. R. and Nolan, J. V. (2010). Nutrient content and in sacco digestibility of barley grain and sprouted barley. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 9(19): 2485-2492.
8. Ellis, R. H. and Roberts, E. T. (1981). The quantification of ageing and survival in orthodox seeds. Seed Science Technology 9: 373-409.

9. Ergin, N. and Kaya, M. D. (2020). Bazı yağ bitkileri tohumlarının çimlenme ve fide gelişimi üzerine iki yulaf çeşidinin allelopatik etkileri. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 10(2): 1419-1428 (in Turkish with an abstract in English).
10. Fazaeli, H., Golmohammadi, H. A., Tabatabayee, S. N. and Asgari-Tabrizi, M. (2012). Productivity and nutritive value of barley green fodder yield in hydroponic system. World Applied Science Journal, 16(4): 531-539.
11. Gairola, K. C., Nautiyal, A. R. and Dwivedi, A. K. (2011). Effect of temperatures and germination media on seed germination of Jatropha curcas L. Advances in Bioresearch, 2(2): 66-71.
12. Gürsoy, M., Balkan, A. and Ulukan, H. (2013). Bitkisel üretimde allelopati. Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(2): 115-122 (in Turkish with an abstract in English).
13. Hu, G. And Zhang, Z. (2013). Allelopathic effects of Chromolaena odorata on native and nonnative invasive herbs. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 11(1): 878-882.
14. ISTA, (2003). Handbook of Vigour Test Methods. International Seed Testing Association (ISTA), Zürich, Switzerland
15. Jose, S. And Gillespie, A. R. (1998). Allelopathy in black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) alley cropping: II. Effects of juglone on hydroponically grown corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) growth and physiology. Plant and Soil, 203: 199-205.
16. Joseph, J. A., Shukitt-Hale, B. and Lau, F. C. (2007). Fruit polyphenols and their effects on neuronal signalling and behavior in senescence. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1100: 470– 485.
17. Kacar, B. and İnal, A. (2008). Bitki Analizleri. Nobel Yayınları. Ankara, Türkiye.
18. Kadıoğlu, B. (2022). Topraksız ortamda buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) ve yulaf (Avena sativa L.) çim sularının bazı tıbbi ve aromatik bitki verim ve besin element içerikleri üzerine etkisi. Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi, 10(2): 91-96 (in Turkish with an abstract in English).
19. Kadioglu, B. (2021). Determination of germination biology of same sage (Salvia ssp.) species under salinity stress. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 18(2):359-367.
20. Kadioglu, B. and Canbolat, M. Y. (2020). The effects of different growing mediums on the root and stem development of corn. Eurasian Journal of Agricultural Research, 3(1): 9-13.
21. Kadioglu, I., Yanar, Y. and Asav, U. (2005). Allelopathic effects of weeds extracts against seed germination of some plants. Journal of Environmental Biology, 26(2): 69-73.
22. Karaman, R., Turkay, C. and Akgun, İ. (2021). Effects of oat grass juice on germination and seedling characteristics of certain weeds and cultivated plants. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 18(2): 312-321.
23. Karasahin, M. (2015a). Grass juice yield and nutritional values of some cereals ın soilless culture. Journal of Instıtute of Science andTechnology, 5(4): 57-64.
24. Karasahin, M. (2015b). The effects of different carbon dioxide doses on yield and nutritional values of hydroponic wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grass juice. International Journal of Agriculture and Wildlife Science (IJAWS), 1(2): 78 – 84.
25. Khalid, S. and Shad, R. (1991). Potential advantage of recent allelochemical discoveries in agroecosystems. Progressive Farming, 11: 30-35.
26. Lin R. H. (2004). Potential synergy of phytochemicals in cancer prevention: mechanism of action. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 134: 3479-3485.
27. Matthews, S. and Khajeh-Hosseini, M. (2007). Length of the lag period of germination and metobolic repair explain vigour differences in seed lots of maize (Zea mays). Seed Science and Technology, 35(1): 200-212.
28. Özbay, N. (2018). Bazı tıbbi bitki ve yabancı ot ekstraktlarının biberin çimlenme ve fide gelişimi üzerine etkisi. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(1): 81-85 (in Turkish with an abstract in English).
29. Pan, M.H., Lai, C. S., Dushenkov, S. and Ho Tang, C. (2009). Modulation of inflammatory genes by natural dietary bioactive compounds. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57: 4467-4477.
30. Paulickova, I., Ehrenbergerova, J., Fiedlerova, V., Gabrovska, D., Havlova, P., Holasova, M., Kopacek, J., Ouhrabkova, J., Pinkrova, J., Rysova, J., Vaculova, K. and Winterova, R. (2007). Evaluation of barley grass as a potential source of some nutritional substances. Czech Journal of Food Science, 25: 65–72.
31. Rexhepi-Hasani, A. and Renata, K. (2015). Consumer acceptance and readiness to pay for green juices containing grain grass juices in Kosovo. Journal of the Association-Institute for English Language and American Studies, 4(6): 49-57.
32. Rice, E. L. (1984). Allelopathy. Academic Press, Orlando, USA.
33. Stratu, A., Toma, D. and Costica, N. (2012). The effect of extracts from Apium graveolens L. and Levisticum officinale Koch. leaves on the germination of certain dicotyledons species. Analele Stiintifice Ale Universitatii al i cuza din lasi, 58(2): 73-79.
34. Terzi, İ. (2007). Effects of walnut fruit hull extracts on muskmelon seed germination, seedlings elongation and dry weights. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology, 8(2): 355-360.
35. Urbonaviciute, A., Samuoliene, G., Brazaityte, A. and Duchovskisukauskas, A. (2009). The effect of variety and lighting qualityon wheatgrass antioxidant properties. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture, 96(3): 119-128.
36. Uyeda, J., Cox, L. J. and Radovich, T. J. (2011). An Economic comparison of commercially available organic and inorganic fertilizers for hydroponic lettuce production. Sustainable Agriculture, 5: 1-4.
37. Yadav, M., Sethi, J., Dahyia, K., Sood, S., Gupta, V., Singh, V. and Talwar, A. (2013). Effect of Triticum aestivium on physiological and biochemical parameters in high fat diet fed rabbits. International Journal of Current Medical Science and Practice (JK Practitioner), 18(3-4): 39-42.
38. Yıldız, N. (2012). Bitki Beslemenin Esasları ve Bitkilerde Beslenme Bozukluğu Belirtileri. Eser Ofset Matbaacılık, Erzurum, Türkiye.
39. Zeng, R. S., Mallik, A. U. and Luo, S. M. (2008). Allelopathy in Sustainable Agriculture and Forestry. Springer Press, New York, USA.