Use of Solar Panel System in Vermicompost (Worm Manure) Production Facilities as Source of Energy

Öz

Agro-chemicals significantly improve quality and crop yield in agriculture and plant production however excessive use of these agro-chemicals will cause severe environmental problems and health conditions in the following years. Furthermore, solid organic wastes and residues have become environmental concerns due to rapid development of industry and population growth. Therefore, vermicompost (worm manure) manure might have a key position among organic-based alternative products that might improve sustainable and organic agriculture models and replace chemical fertilizers as well as pesticides. Production and use of vermicompost (worm manure) might be an effective option for solving this problem.
Electric energy is the most commonly used for production of vermicompost. The location of vermicompost production facility must be illuminated at all times. In dark places, the worms move on top of the organic substance and the worms dry and die there. Thus, the production facility must have electricity at all times. This energy might be supplied with solar panel systems. This method will make production of manures more cost-effective.
In order for a four-unit vermicompost production facility with 15.9 m length to operate effectively, a solar panel such as 4 kWh, which is larger than the calculated 3.23 kWh, is needed. Sufficient amount of energy cannot be generated with the system due to reasons such as dirty panel glasses, adverse weather conditions such as cloudiness and rain, indirect sunrays in the morning and evening and losses. This is why an energy system greater than the energy demand must be preferred. Energy remaining from the system can be stored in batteries and used later. Furthermore, remaining energy might be used for covering other needs of the vermicompost facility and this will reduce energy costs of the facility.
In Turkey, solar panels might be used in every region to supply sufficient electric power. Vermicompost facilities established for this purpose must be lighted at all times and this shows that use of solar panel system will be suitable for production. A material portion of electricity demand in the production facility can be supplied with green energy and fertilizer production will be more cost effective.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Vermicompost (worm manure)
• vermicompost (worm manure) production facility
• solar panel
• solar energy
• Electric energy

Use of Solar Panel System in Vermicompost (Worm Manure) Production Facilities as Source of Energy

Öz

Tarımsal üretimin bitkisel üretim ile ilgili kısmında, kaliteli ve yeterli verim elde etmek amacıyla agro-kimyasal maddelerin aşırı kullanımı sonucunda zamanla önemli çevre ve sağlık sorunlarının meydana gelmesine neden olmuştur. Ayrıca hızlı endüstriyel gelişme ve nüfus artışı ile katı organik atık ve artıklarda çevre sorunu olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu nedenle sürdürülebilir ve organik tarım modellerini geliştirerek, kimyasal gübre ve pestisitlerin yerini alabilecek, organik bazlı alternatif ürünler içerisinde vermikompost (solucan) gübresi önemli bir yer alabilir. Bu sorunların çözümünde vermikompost (solucan) gübresinin üretimi ve kullanımı etkili olabilir.
Vermikompost gübresinin üretimi sırasında, elektrik enerjisi kullanılmaktadır. Vermikompost üretim tesisinin bulunduğu ortamının sürekli olarak aydınlatılması gerekmektedir. Zira karanlık ortamda solucanlar, organik maddenin üstüne çıkmakta ve burada kuruyarak ölmektedirler. Bu nedenle, üretim tesisinde elektrik hiç kesilmemelidir. Bu üretim maliyetlerini arttırmaktadır. Bunu azaltmanın yollarından biri elektrik enerjisi yerine güneş panel sistemlerinin kullanılmasıdır.
Her bir gübre üretim ünitesinin uzunluğu 15.9 m olan, dört üniteli bir vermikompost üretim tesisinin verimli bir şekilde çalışabilmesi için, hesaplanan 3.23 kWh’ten daha büyük 4 kWh gibi bir güneş paneli sistemine ihtiyaç vardır. Panel camlarının kirlenmesi, bulutluluk ve yağış gibi olumsuz hava koşulları, güneş ışınlarının sabah ve akşam dik gelmemesi ve kayıplar gibi nedenlerle, sistemde yeteri kadar enerji üretilmez. Bu nedenle, ihtiyaçtan daha büyük bir enerji sistemi tercih edilmelidir. Sistemden artan enerji daha sonra kullanılmak üzere, akülerde depo edilebilir. Aynı zamanda fazla enerji vermikompost işletmesinin diğer ihtiyaçlarında kullanılarak, işletmenin enerji giderlerini azaltır.
Güneş panelleri, Türkiye koşullarında her bölgede kullanılarak yeterli elektrik enerjisi üretebilir. Bu amaçla kurulan vermikompost tesislerinde özellikle aydınlatmanın sürekli olması zorunluluğu, üretimde güneş paneli sisteminin kullanımının uygun olacağını göstermektedir. Üretim tesisinin elektrik ihtiyacının önemli bir kısmının, yeşil enerji ile karşılanması ile gübrenin üretimi daha ekonomik olur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Vermikompost (solucan gübresi)
• vermikompost (solucan gübresi) üretim tesisi
• güneş paneli
• güneş enerjisi
• elektrik enerjisi

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