Araştırma Makalesi

Modernization And Ideological Divergence Among The Bureaucracy In The Late Ottoman Empire: Suggestion For A New Classification

Sayı: 8 31 Aralık 2021
PDF İndir
TR EN

Modernization And Ideological Divergence Among The Bureaucracy In The Late Ottoman Empire: Suggestion For A New Classification

Abstract

The ideological divergence within the bureaucracy during the modernization process in the last period of the Ottoman Empire is mostly reduced to three different ideological orientations composed of Westernism, Islamism, and Turkism in the relevant literature. However, claiming that this model, which is formulated regarding the classical works of Gökalp and Akçura, could not adequately explain the actual ideological division between the bureaucrats of the period, this study aims to propose a new theoretical framework based upon an alternative tripartite model. For this, Anthony D. Smith’s infamous theoretical explanation about the ideological-strategic differences between the bureaucratic elites of various societies, which rise as a response to the experience of modernization, is re-evaluated and reformulated concerning the intellectual contribution revealed in classical and contemporary studies on the ideological and intellectual orientations within the late Ottoman elites. Accordingly, the first ideological orientation within the elite groups that fundamentally stood against any attempts in the name of modernization and advocated retaining the Islamic tradition could be entitled “traditionalism.” The second one, which could be named “Westernism” (Westernist modernism), asserted that the only way to capture Western civilization was following the same modernization path as the West, contrary to the previous orientation. “Conservatism” (conservative modernism), the third and final ideological orientation, made a distinction between the fields of culture and civilization and idealized to implement a conservative version of modernization by synthesizing Islamic tradition with the technical developments of the contemporary Western world.

Keywords

Kaynakça

  1. Alexander, J. (2013). The Contradictions of Conservatism. Government and Opposition, 48(4), 594-615.
  2. Akçura, Y. (2007). Üç Tarz-ı Siyaset. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları.
  3. Akgün, M. (1988). Materyalizmin Türkiye’ye Girişi ve İlk Etkileri. Ankara: Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı Yayınları.
  4. Aktar, C. (1993). Türkiye’nin Batılılaştırılması. (Trans. Temel Keşoğlu). İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  5. Alkan, M. Ö. (2008). Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda Modernleşme ve Eğitim. Türkiye Araştırmaları Literatür Dergisi, 6(12), 9-84.
  6. Aydın, S. (2009). Türk Düşüncesinde Alman Etkisi. In Ömer Laçiner (Ed.), Modern Türkiye’de Siyasi Düşünce, vol. 9: Dönemler ve Zihniyetler (pp. 947-969). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
  7. Baykara, T. (2007). Osmanlılarda Medeniyet Kavramı. İstanbul: IQ Kültür ve Sanat Yayıncılık.
  8. Bein, A. (2007). A “Young Turk” Islamic Intellectual: Filibeli Ahmed Hilmi and the Diverse Intellectual Legacies of the Late Ottoman Empire. Int. Journal of Middle East Studies, 39(4), 607-625.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

-

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Aralık 2021

Gönderilme Tarihi

7 Eylül 2021

Kabul Tarihi

10 Kasım 2021

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2021 Sayı: 8

Kaynak Göster

APA
Babahan, A. (2021). Modernization And Ideological Divergence Among The Bureaucracy In The Late Ottoman Empire: Suggestion For A New Classification. Toplum ve Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8. https://doi.org/10.48131/jscs.992450

Cited By