Covıd-19 Korkusu Yeme Bozukluğunu ve Sosyal Görünüş Kaygısını Etkiler mi? Türkiye'deki Genç Kız Üniversite Öğrencileri İle Tanımlayıcı Bir Araştırma

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 477 - 489, 27.12.2021

Hacer Ünver

https://doi.org/10.47115/jshs.997108

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırma genç kızlarda COVID-19’a yönelik korkunun yeme bozukluğu ve sosyal görünüş kaygısına etkisini saptamak amacıyla yapıldı.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte yapılan araştırmanın örneklemini, Türkiye’nin doğusunda bulunan bir kamu üniversitesinin iki fakültesinde öğrenimleri devam eden 416 kız öğrenci oluşturdu. Veriler kişisel tanıtım formu, COVID-19 korkusu ölçeği, yeme bozukluğu belirleme ölçeği ve sosyal görünüş kaygısı ölçeği kullanılarak ile toplandı.
Bulgular: Araştırmada genç kızların ortalamaya yakın düzeyde (18.51 ± 6.86) COVID-19 korkusu yaşadığı saptandı. Araştırmada COVİD-19 korkusuyla sosyal görünüş kaygısı, yeme bozukluğu toplam ve alt boyut (kilo kaygısı, yeme kaygısı, şekil kaygısı, kısıtlama, tıkınırcasına yeme) puan ortalamaları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişki saptandı (sırasıyla r = .388, r = .192, r = .200, r = .192, r = .172, r = .128, r = .289; p <.01, Table 2.). Yapılan regresyon analizi genç kızlardaki COVİD-19 korkusunun sosyal görünüş kaygısını açıklamada %15 oranında etkili olduğu gösterdi (p ˂.001).
Sonuç ve Önerileri: Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular sonucunda COVID-19 korku düzeyi ile sosyal görünüş kaygısı ve yeme bozukluğu arasında önemli ilişki olduğu görülmektedir. Genç kızlarda COVID-19 korkusuna yönelik müdahalelerin yeme bozuklukları ve sosyal görünüş kaygıları üzerinde etkili olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anksiyete, COVID-19, Sosyal Görünüş Kaygısı, Yeme Bozukluğu

DOES FEAR OF COVID-19 AFFECT EATING DISORDER AND SOCIAL APPEARANCE ANXIETY? A DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH WITH YOUNG FEMALE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN TURKEY

Öz

Aim: This research was conducted to determine the effect of fear of COVID-19 on eating disorder and social appearance anxiety in young female students.
Method: The sample of the descriptive type of research consists of 416 female students who are taught at two faculties of the public university located in eastern Turkey. The research data was collected using the demographics characteristics form, the fear of COVID-19 scale, eating disorder examination questionnaire, and social appearance anxiety scale.
Results: In the study, it was determined that the young females had a near-moderate level (18.51 ± 6.86) of COVID-19 fear. Besides, a significant positive relationship was found between COVID-19 fear and social appearance anxiety and eating disorder total, and sub-dimensions (weight concern, eating concern, shape concern, restraint, binge eating) mean scores (r=.388, r=.192, r=.200, r=.192, r=.172, r=.128, r=.289; p <.01). Regression analysis showed that COVID-19 fear in young females was 15% effective in explaining social appearance anxiety (p ˂.001).
Conclusion and Suggestions: As a result of the findings obtained from the study, it is seen that there is a significant relationship between COVID-19 fear level and social appearance anxiety and eating disorder, and coronavirus fear has a significant effect on social appearance anxiety. It is thought that interventions for fear of COVID-19 in young females could affect eating disorders and social appearance anxiety.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anxiety, COVID-19, Eating disorder, Social appearance

Kaynakça

• References Ahorsu, D. K., Lin, C. Y., Imani, V., Saffari, M., Griffiths, M. D., & Pakpour, A. H. (2020) The Fear of COVID- 19 Scale: development and initial validation. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00270-8
• Akbas, Ö. Z., & Dursun, C. (2020). Mothers interpolating publıc space into private space during the coronavirus (covıd-19) pandemıc. Eurasian Journal of Researches in Social and Economics (EJRSE) ISSN:2148-9963, 7(5); 78-94.
• Akdeveli̇oglu, Y, Yorusun, T . (2019). Investigation of some factors related to eating attitudes and behaviors of university students. Gazi Journal of Health Sciences, 4(1),19-28. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/gsbdergi/issue/46054/579500
• Barreto, M., Victor, C., Hammond, C., Eccles, A., Richins, M. T., & Qualter, P. (2021). Loneliness around the world: Age, gender, and cultural differences in loneliness. Personality and Individual Differences, 169(January 2020), 110066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110066
• Bu, F., Steptoe, A., & Fancourt, D. (2020). Loneliness during a strict lockdown: Trajectories and predictors during the COVID-19 pandemic in 38,217 United Kingdom adults. Social Science and Medicine, 265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113521
• Cakaroglu, D., Omur, E. H., & Arslan, C. (2020). Examination of Eating Attitude Eating Awareness and Social Appearance Anxiety of University Students (Samples of Province of Siirt). Physical Education and Sport Sciences Journal, 14(1), 1–12.
• Craig A. Harper & Liam P. Satchell & Dean Fido & Robert D. Latzman. (2020). Functional Fear Predicts Public Health Compliance in the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Mental Health andAddiction.https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v68n1.86482
• Dilber, A., & Dilber, F. (2020). The Effect of Coronavirus ( COVID-19 ) Disease on the Nutritional Habits of Individuals : The Case Karaman Province. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 8(3), 2144–2162. https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2020.653
• Doğan T. (2010). Adaptation of the social appearance anxiety scale (SAAS) to Turkish: a validity and reliability study. Hacettepe University Journal of Education 39: 151-159.
• Ercan, F. B. & O. K. & H. (2020). Fear of COVID-19 and Positivity: Mediating Role of Intolerance of Uncertainty, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress. https://covid19.who.int/
• Eksi H., Arıcan T., Yaman G. (2016). The Perfectionizm and Social Appearance Anxiety as Being The Prediction of Risky Behavior on Vocational High School Students. Journal of Ahi Evran University Kırşehir Faculty of Education. 17(2), 527-545.
• Fairburn, C. G., Cooper, Z., & O'Connor, M. (1993). The eating disorder examination. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 6, 1-8.
• Flaudias, V., Iceta, S., Zerhouni, O., Rodgers, R. F., Billieux, J., Llorca, P. M., Boudesseul, J., Chazeron, I. D. E., Romo, L., Maurage, P., Samalin, L., Begue, L., Naassila, M., Brousse, G., & Guillaume, S. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic lockdown and problematic eating behaviors in a student population. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 9(3), 826–835. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.2020.00053
• Hart, T. A., Flora, D. B., Palyo, S. A., Fresco, D. M., Holle, C., & Heimberg, R. G. (2008). Development and examination of the social appearance anxiety scale. Assessment, 15(1), 48-59.
• Jiao, W. Y., Wang, L. N., Liu, J., Fang, S. F., Jiao, F. Y., Pettoello-Mantovani, M., & Somekh, E. (2020). Behavioral and Emotional Disorders in Children during the COVID-19 Epidemic. Journal of Pediatrics, 221, 264-266.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.03.013
• Kara A. (2016). Examining the relationships between social appearance anxiety and shyness. Individual and Society. 6(11), 95-106.
• Kartal A, Y, Kaykısız, E. (2020) Investigation of the relationship between eating behaviors and premenstrual syndrome symptoms of midwifery students in the covid-19 outbreak. Medical Sciences , 15(4):133-143, DOI: 10.12739/NWSA.2020.15.4.1B0097.
• Kılıc, M. (2015). Üniversite Öğrenci̇leri̇ni̇n Sosyal Görünüş Kaygilari İle Benli̇k Saygilari Ve YalnizlikDüzeyleri̇Arasindaİli̇şki̇ni̇n İncelenmesi̇.
• Labrague, L. J., De los Santos, J. A. A., & Falguera, C. (2020). Social and emotional loneliness among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: the predictive role of coping behaviours, social support, and personal resilience. Preprint, August, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12721
• Lee, J. M. (2013). Validity of consumer-based physical activity monitors and calibration of smartphone for prediction of physical activity energy expenditure.
• Oruçlular, Yasemin. The Mediator Role of Body Perception on the Relationship Between Autonomous-Related Self Constructs and Eating Attitude, Master’s Thesis, Ankara, 2013, Hacettepe University Institute of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychology, Ankara.
• Rauschenberg, C., Schick, A., Goetzl, C., Röhr, S., Riedel-Heller, S., Koppe, G., Durstewitz, D., Krumm, S., & Reininghaus, U. (2020). Social isolation, mental health, and use of digital interventions in youth during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationally representative survey. PsyArXiv, 1–28. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/v64hf
• Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health. (2020b). COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 Infection) Guidelines. https://covid19bilgi.saglik.gov.tr/depo/rehberler/COVID-19_Rehberi.pdf (Access Date: 02 May 2020).
• Rodgers, R. F., Lombardo, C., Cerolini, S., Franko, D. L., Omori, M., Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, M., Linardon, J., Courtet, P., & Guillaume, S. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating disorder risk and symptoms. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 53(7), 1166–1170. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23318
• Sarıcam, H., Erguvan, F. M., Akın, A., & Akça, M. Ş. (2014). Turkish form of the intolerance to uncertainty scale: a study of validity and reliability. Route Educational and Social Science Journal, 1(3):148-57.
• Satici, B., Gocet-Tekin, E., Deniz, M. E., & Satici, S. A. (2020). Adaptation of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Its association with psychological distress and life satisfaction in Turkey. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. doi: 10.10.1007/s11469-020-00294-0
• Sarı, S., & Dağ, İ. (2009). Problem solving style, hopelessness, helplessness and haplessness as the predictors of psychopathology assessed by MMPI-2. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 10, 261-70.
• Serin, Y. ve Şanlıer, N., (2018). Emotional eating, factors affecting food intake and basic nursing approaches. J Psychiatric Nurs 2018; 9(2):135-146
• Simsir Z., Seki T., Dilmac B. (2019) Gender Differences in Social Appearance Anxiety: A Meta-Analysis Study. International Journal of Society Researches. 10(17), 615-637.
• Steinberg, J. R., Tschann, J. M., Furgerson, D., & Harper, C. C. (2016). Social Science & Medicine Psychosocial factors and pre-abortion psychological health : The significance of stigma. Social Science & Medicine, 150, 67–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.12.007.
• Taylor, S., Landry, C. A., Paluszek, M. M., Fergus, T. A., McKay, D., & Asmundson, G. J. G. (2020). Development and initial validation of the COVID Stress Scales. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 72(May), 102232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102232
• Tesfalem Teshome Tessema, Temesgen Abdi Gebremariam, Etaferahu Alemayehu Abebe, Ribka Dinku Gebre. The Prevalence and Factors Associated with Mental Distress among College Students in Southern Ethiopia : A CrossSectional Study Ethiop J Health Sci. 2019;29(3):353. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ ejhs.v29i3.7
• Turkey Statistical Institution (2019). Household information technologies usage survey. http://www.tuik.gov.tr.
• Wenjun, C., Ziwei, F., Guoqiang, H., Mei, H., Xinrong, X., Jiaxin, D., & Jianzhong, Z. (2020). The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Research, 287(March 20, 2020), 1–5.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934
• WHO. (2020b). Q&A on coronaviruses (COVID-19). https://www.who.int/emergencies/ diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses (Erişim Tarihi: 3 Mayıs 2020).
• Yucel, B., Polat, A., Ikiz, T., Dusgor, B. P., Elif Yavuz, A. ve Sertel Berk, O. (2011). The Turkish version of the eating disorder examination questionnaire: reliability and validity in adolescents. European Eating Disorders Review, 19(6), 509-511.doi:10.1002/erv.1104