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Human Impacts of Landslides Triggered by the February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Türkiye) Earthquakes in Rural Areas

Cilt: 25 Sayı: 1 29 Ocak 2026
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Human Impacts of Landslides Triggered by the February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Türkiye) Earthquakes in Rural Areas

Öz

On February 6, 2023, two consecutive earthquakes centered in Kahramanmaraş struck the region. The seismic events caused surface ruptures, displacements, liquefaction-related lateral spreading, and mass movements across numerous localities. Landslides—particularly those near rural settlements in Tepehan, Altınözü, Hatay; Değirmencik, İslahiye, Gaziantep; and Karanlıkdere, Doğanşehir, Malatya—are notable for their immediate and secondary physical and human impacts. The landslide in Tepehan rendered an olive plantation unusable; the one in Değirmencik blocked a valley, creating a dammed lake; and the Karanlıkdere landslide submerged a hamlet comprising 15 households. Earthquake-induced landslides have had a negative impact on rural life, particularly affecting economic activities. To evaluate these events, lithological and morphological maps of the landslide zones were digitized using ArcGIS software. Field surveys were conducted within the landslide areas, complemented by drone footage collection. To assess the human toll caused by these landslides, face-to-face interviews with residents of the affected villages were carried out. Focus group methodologies, as a qualitative research approach, were used to systematically collect, organize, analyze, and interpret data from these interviews. The findings show that natural disasters negatively affect rural regions in various ways, including loss of life, property destruction, and property ownership issues. This study investigates the specific environmental factors that contribute to the occurrence of earthquake-triggered landslides, their impact on rural communities, and the adaptive or responsive strategies residents employ. The research is fundamental as it emphasizes rural areas in the context of challenges posed by natural disasters.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

TUBITAK

Proje Numarası

223K116

Teşekkür

We would like to thank TUBITAK for the project to Support 1001-Scientific and Technological Research Projects titled ''Determination of Earthquake Risk Status of Rural Settlements and Determination of Earthquake-Suitable Site Selection in Eastern Anatolian Fault Belt (Hatay-Erzincan)'' No. 223K116.

Kaynakça

  1. Aksoy, E., Akgun, E., Softa, M., F., K., Sozbilir, H., Tatar, O., & Erol, S. (2023). On the Eastern Anatolian Fault Zone Erkenek and Pazarcik Segments of the 6 February 2023 Pazarcik (Kahramanmaras) Earthquake: Observations from Celikhan-Golbasi (Adıyaman). Türk Deprem Araştırma Dergisi, 5(1), 85-104.
  2. BDTİM (2023). 06 Şubat 2023 Ekinözü Kahramanmaraş Depremi Basın Bülteni. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Kandilli Rasathanesi ve Deprem Araştırma Enstitüsü Bölgesel Deprem-Tsunami İzleme ve Değerlendirme Merkezi (BDTİM), İstanbul. 11 Şubat 2024 tarihinde http://www.koeri.boun.Edu.tr/sismo/2/06-subat-2023-ml7-5-ekinozu kahramanmaras-depremi/ adresinden erişildi.
  3. Cavallo, E., Powell, A.& Becerra, O. (2010). Estimating the direct economic damages of the earthquake in Haiti. The Economic Journal, 120 (546), F298-F312.
  4. Cihangir, M. & Görüm, T. (2016). Kelkit Vadisi’nin aşağı çığırında gelişmiş heyelanların dağılım deseni ve oluşumlarını kontrol eden faktörler. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, (66), 19-28.
  5. Coates, D. R. (1977). Landslide perspectives, Rev Eng Geol, 3, 3–28.
  6. Collins B.D., Jibson R.W (2015). Assessment of existing and potential landslide hazards resulting from the April 25, 2015, Gorkha, Nepal earthquake sequence. U.S. Geological Survey OpenFile Report 2015-1142, Reston, VA.
  7. Crozier, M. J. (1986). Landslides: causes, consequences & environment, Taylor & Francis.
  8. Cruden, D. M. & Varnes, D. J. (1996). Landslide Types and Processes. A. K. Turner, & R. L. Shuster içinde, Landslides: Investigation and Mitigation Special Report 247 (s. 36-75). Washington D. C.: National Academy Press.

Ayrıntılar

Kaynak Göster

APA
Kum, G., Sönmez, M. E., Ortaç, G., Ataş, E. M., Tuna, Y. S., Taş, B., Acar, Z., Türkan, O., Kale, M. M., Ataol, M., Dil, K., & Kalkan, M. (2026). Human Impacts of Landslides Triggered by the February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Türkiye) Earthquakes in Rural Areas. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 25(1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.1747581
AMA
1.Kum G, Sönmez ME, Ortaç G, vd. Human Impacts of Landslides Triggered by the February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Türkiye) Earthquakes in Rural Areas. GAUN-JSS. 2026;25(1):1-27. doi:10.21547/jss.1747581
Chicago
Kum, Gülşen, Mehmet Emin Sönmez, Güney Ortaç, vd. 2026. “Human Impacts of Landslides Triggered by the February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Türkiye) Earthquakes in Rural Areas”. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 25 (1): 1-27. https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.1747581.
EndNote
Kum G, Sönmez ME, Ortaç G, Ataş EM, Tuna YS, Taş B, Acar Z, Türkan O, Kale MM, Ataol M, Dil K, Kalkan M (01 Ocak 2026) Human Impacts of Landslides Triggered by the February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Türkiye) Earthquakes in Rural Areas. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 25 1 1–27.
IEEE
[1]G. Kum vd., “Human Impacts of Landslides Triggered by the February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Türkiye) Earthquakes in Rural Areas”, GAUN-JSS, c. 25, sy 1, ss. 1–27, Oca. 2026, doi: 10.21547/jss.1747581.
ISNAD
Kum, Gülşen - Sönmez, Mehmet Emin - Ortaç, Güney - Ataş, Elif Maide - Tuna, Yavuz Selim - Taş, Barış - Acar, Zahide v.dğr. “Human Impacts of Landslides Triggered by the February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Türkiye) Earthquakes in Rural Areas”. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 25/1 (01 Ocak 2026): 1-27. https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.1747581.
JAMA
1.Kum G, Sönmez ME, Ortaç G, Ataş EM, Tuna YS, Taş B, Acar Z, Türkan O, Kale MM, Ataol M, Dil K, Kalkan M. Human Impacts of Landslides Triggered by the February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Türkiye) Earthquakes in Rural Areas. GAUN-JSS. 2026;25:1–27.
MLA
Kum, Gülşen, vd. “Human Impacts of Landslides Triggered by the February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Türkiye) Earthquakes in Rural Areas”. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, c. 25, sy 1, Ocak 2026, ss. 1-27, doi:10.21547/jss.1747581.
Vancouver
1.Gülşen Kum, Mehmet Emin Sönmez, Güney Ortaç, Elif Maide Ataş, Yavuz Selim Tuna, Barış Taş, Zahide Acar, Okan Türkan, Mustafa Murat Kale, Murat Ataol, Kemal Dil, Melike Kalkan. Human Impacts of Landslides Triggered by the February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Türkiye) Earthquakes in Rural Areas. GAUN-JSS. 01 Ocak 2026;25(1):1-27. doi:10.21547/jss.1747581