Mobil Öğrenmenin Öğrencilerin Motivasyon, Başarı ve Derse Katılımına Olan Etkisi: Literatür Taraması

Öz

Mobil teknolojiler taşınabilirlik, elverişlilik, zaman ve mekândan bağımsızlık, esneklik, vs. gibi özelliklerinden dolayı son yıllarda eğitim alanında birçok alanda sıkça görülmektedir. Ancak; eğitimciler, öğretmenler ve öğrenciler eğitimde mobil teknolojilerin bazı dezavantajları olduğunu söylemekte ve bu kapsamda yapılan çalışmalara göre, mobil öğrenmenin eğitime yararları konusunda bazı çelişkiler olduğu görülmektedir. Temel sorunlar genel olarak donanımsal problemler (küçük ekran boyutu, düşük çözünürlük, vs.), teknik problemler, öğrencilerin motivasyonu, derse katılımı, başarısı, vs. ile ilgili çeşitli faktörler ile ilgilidir. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışma boyunca daha önce yapılan çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Daha önceki çalışmalar, mobil teknolojilerin bu kapsamda bazı dezavantajları olduğunu göstermekte ve mobil teknolojilerin eğitime başarılı ve etkin bir şekilde entegre edilebilmesi için öğrencilerin motivasyonu, başarısı ve derse etkin katılımı gibi faktörlerin iyi düşünülmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mobil teknoloji, motivasyon, etkin katılım, mobil öğrenme

Impacts of Mobile Learning in Motivation, Engagement and Achievement of Learners

Öz

The integration of mobile technology into the education is widely proliferated in recent years due to portability, convenience, independence of time, location, flexibility, and so on. However, there are some conflicts among educators, teachers and students with regards to the implications of mobile technology in educational settings. Main challenges are related with hardware limitations such as small screen size, low resolution, etc. technical problems, motivation, engagement and achievement of students and so on. Literature was reviewed in this frame. This study is investigated to both profits and drawbacks of mobile technology and critical points in this consideration. Previous studies declared that there are some critical issues related with these factors and should be taken into consideration for intended integration of mobile technology successfully and effectively into educational settings

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mobile technology, motivation, achievement, mobile learning

Kaynakça

1. Barnhart, F.D., & Pierce, J.E. (2011). Becoming Mobile: Reference in the Ubiquitous Library. Retrieved from Taylor & Francis Group.
2. Boyinbode, O., Bagula, A., & Ngambi, D. (2011). An Opencast Mobile Learning Framework for Enhancing Learning in Higher Education. International Journal of u- and e- Service, Science and Technology, 4(3), 11-18.
3. Cheon, J., Lee, S., Crooks, S. M., & Song, J. (2012). An Investigation of Mobile Learning Readiness in Higher Education Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. Computers & Education, 59, 1054-1064.
4. Crescente, M.L., & Lee, D. (2010). Critical Issues of m-Learning: Design Models, Adoption Processes and Future Trends. Journal of Chinese Institute of Industrial Engineers, 28(2), 111-123.
5. Espejo, R., (2009). Has Technology Increased Learning? Greenhaven Press.
6. Fisher, M., & Baird D.E. (2007). Making m-Learning Work: Utilizing Mobile Technology for Active Exploration, Collaboration, Assessment, and Reflection in Higher Education. Journal of Educational Technology System, 35(1), 3-30.
7. Gedik, N., Karademirci, A.H., Kursun, E., & Çağıltay, K. (2011). Key Instructional Design Issues in a Cellular Phone-based Mobile Learning Project. Computers & Education, 1149-1159.
8. Georgiev, T., Georgieva, E., & Smrikarov, A. (2004). M-learning - a New Stage of e-Learning. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Computer Systems and Technologies, Rousse Bulgaria, 17, 1–5.

9. Hulme, A.K., & Traxler, J. (2005). Mobile Learning: A Handbook for Educators and Trainers, USA & Canada: Taylor & Fransic.
10. Jin, C.H., & Villegas, J., (2008). Mobile Phone Users’ Behaviors: The Motivation Factors of the Mobile Phone Users. International Journal of Mobile Marketing, 3(2), 4-14.
11. Kerawalla, L., O’Connor, J., Underwood, J., duBoulay, B., & Holmberg, J et al. (2007). Exploring the Potential of the Homework System and Tablet PCs to Support Continuity of Numeracy Practices Between Home and Primary School. Educational Media International, 44(4), 289–303.
12. Lee, K.B. (2011). Developing Mobile Collaborative Learning Applications for Mobile Users. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, 5(4).
13. Livingstone, S. (2007). Strategies of Parental Regulation in the Media-rich Home. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(2), 920–941.
14. Macdonald, I., & Chiu, J. (2011). Evaluating the Viability of Mobile Learning to Enhance Management Training. Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology, 37(1).
15. Mockus, L., Dawson, H., Malizia, S.E., Shaffer, D., An, J.S., & Swaggerty, A. (2011). The Impact of Mobile Access on Motivation: Distance Education Student Perspectives. Retrieved from http://learningdesign.psu.edu/research/MLRTWhitePaper.pdf
16. Motivalla, L.F. (2007). Mobile Learning: A Framework and Evaluation. Computers & Education, 49, 581-596.
17. Park, Y. (2011). A Pedagogical Framework for Mobile Learning: Categorizing Educational Applications of Mobile Technologies into Four Types. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 12(2).
18. Rosman, P. (2008), M-learning As a Paradigm of New Forms in Education. Economie & Management, 1, 119-125.
19. Sampangi, R., Viswanath, V., & Ray, A. (n.d). Reaching the Unreached: A Study on Mobile Learning in India. International Conference on e-Learning, 350-357.
20. Sandberg, J., Maris, M., & Geus, K. (2011). Mobile English Learning: An Evidence-based Study with Fifth Graders. Computers & Education, 57, 1334-1347.
21. Sha, L., Looi, C.K., Chen, W., Seow, P., & Wong, L.H. (2011). Recognizing and Measuring Self-regulated Learning in a Mobile Learning Environment. Computers in Human Behavior, 28, 718-728.
22. Singh, M. (2010). M-learning: A New Approach to Learn Better. International Journal of Education and Allied Sciences, 2(2), 65-72.
23. Suki, N.M, & Suki, N.M. (2011). Using Mobile Device for Learning: From Students’ Perspective. US-China Education Review A 1, 44-53.
24. Swan, K., van’t Hooft, M., & Kratcoski, A. (n.d.). Teaching and Learning with Mobile Computing Devices: Closing the Gap. Retrieved from http://www.mlearn.org.za/CD/papers/Swan.pdf
25. Swan, K., van’t Hooft, M., Kratcoski, A., & Under, D. (2005). Uses and Effects of Mobile Computing in K-8 Classrooms. International Society for Technology in Education, 38(1).
26. Traxler, J. (2010). Distance Education and Mobile Learning: Catching Up, Taking Stock. Distance Education. 31(2), 129–138.
27. TUIK, (2013). Retrieved from http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1028
28. Uzunoglu, H., Cavus, N., & Ercag, E. (2009). Using Mobile Learning to Increase Environmental Awareness. Computers & Education, 52, 381-389.
29. Valk, J.H, Rashid, A.T, & Elder,L. (2010). Using Mobile Phones to Improve Educational Outcomes: An Analysis of Evidence from Asia. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 11(1).