Organizasyonel Özelliklerin Kurumsal Kaynak Planlaması Uygulama Başarısına ve Algılanan Organizasyonel Performansa Etkisi

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 1 - 23, 01.06.2014

Yaşar Akça Gökhan Özer

https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.256836

Öz

Çalışmanın hedefi, organizasyonel özelliklerin Kurumsal Kaynak Planlaması (KKP) sistemi uygulama başarısı ile organizasyonel performansa etkilerini göstermektir. Bu amaçla 236 firmadan anket yoluyla elde edilen veri, korelasyon, faktör ve regresyon analizi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Analiz sonucu elde edilen bulgular; (1) Üst yönetim desteğinin KKP uygulama başarısı üzerinde istatistiki olarak anlamlı ve pozitif yönde etkisinin bulunmasına karşın algılanan organizasyonel performans üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi bulunmadığını, (2) Organizasyonel amaçlarda konsensusun ne KKP uygulama başarısına ne de organizasyonel performans üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisinin olmadığını, (3) Eğitimin KKP uygulama başarısına ve organizasyonel performansa etkisinin pozitif olduğunu, (4) Enformasyon yoğunluğunun KKP uygulama başarısı üzerinde etkisinin bulunmamasına karşın, algılanan organizasyonel performans üzerinde istatistiki olarak anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkisinin olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Üst Yönetim Desteği, Organizasyonel Amaçlarda Konsensus, Eğitim, Enformasyon Yoğunluğu, Kurumsal Kaynak Planlaması Uygulama Başarısı, Algılanan Organizasyonel Performans

The Effects of Organizational Characteristics on Enterprise Resource Planning Implementation Success and Perceived Organizational Performance

Öz

The aim of this study is to demonstrate the effects of organizational characteristics on Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system implementation success and organizational performance. For this purpose, data obtained from 236 firms through surveys were analyzed using correlation, factor and regression analysis. The results were as follows; (1) While top management support had a statistically significant and positive effect on ERP implementation success, it had no significant effect on perceived organizational performance. (2) Organizational consensus had a statistically significant effect on neither ERP implementation success nor organizational performance. (3) The effect of training on ERP implementation success and organizational performance was positive. (4) Although information intensity didn’t have an effect on ERP implementation success, it had a statistically significant and positive effect on organizational performance

Anahtar Kelimeler

Top Management Support, Organizational Consensus, Training, Information Intensity, Enterprise Resource Planning Implementation Success, Perceived Organizational Performance.

Kaynakça

• Adams, B., Berner, E. S., Rousse, J. (2004). Applying Strategies to Overcome User Resistance in a Group of Clinical Managers to a Business Software Application: A Case Study. Journal of Organizational and User Computing, 16(4), 55-64.
• Ahadi, H. (2004). An Examination of The Role of Organizational Enablers in Business Process Reengineering and The Impact of Information Technology. Information Resources Management Journal, 17(4), 1-19.
• Ashill, N. J., & Jobber, D. (1999). The Impact of Environmental Uncertainty Perceptions, Decision Maker Characteristics and Work Environment Characteristics on The Perceived Usefulness of Marketing Information Systems (MkIS): A Conceptual Framework. Journal of Marketing Management, 15, 519- 540.
• Bajwa, D.S., Rai, A., Brennan, I. (1998). Key Antecedents of Executive Information System Success: A Path Analytic Approach. Decision Support Systems, 22, 31- 43.
• Bergeron, F., Raymond, L., Rivard, S. (2001). Fit in Strategic Information Technology Management Research: An Empirical Comparison of Perspectives. Omega, 29, 125-142.
• Bhatt, G.D., & Stump, R.L. (2001). An Empirically Derived Model of The Role IS Networks in Business Process Improvement Initiatives. Omega, 29, 29-48.
• Bingi, P., Sharma, M.K., Godla, J.K. (2001). Enterprise Systems Integration. Florida, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri: Auerbach Publishers Incorporated. In Myerson, J. M. (Eds.), Critical Issues Affecting an ERP Implementation (p. 425-438).
• Birley, S., & Westhead, P. (1990). Growth and Performance Contrasts Between Types of Small Firms. Strategic Management Journal, 11(7), 535-557.
• Bourgeois, L.J. (1980). Performance and Consensus. Strategic Management Journal, 1, 227-248.
• Bradford, M., & Florin, J. (2003). Examining The Role of Innovation Diffusion Factors on The Implementation Success of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems. International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, 4, 205-225.
• Brandyberry, A.A. (2003). Determinants of Adoption for Organisational Innovations Approaching Saturation. European Journal of Innovation Management, 6(3), 150-158.
• Cadeaux, J.M. (1997). Counter Revolutionary Forces in the Information Revolution, Entrepreneurial Action, Information Intensity and Market Transformation. European Journal of Marketing, 31(11/12), 768-785.
• Choe, J.M. (1996). The Relationships Among Performance of Accounting Information Systems, Influence Factors and Evolution Level of Information Systems. Journal of Management Information Systems, 12(4), 215-239.
• Choe, J.M. (1998). The Effects of User Participation on The Design of Accounting Information Systems. Information & Management, 34, 185-198.
• Choe, J.M. (2004). Impact of Management Accounting Information and AMT on Organizational Performance. Journal of Information Technology, 19, 203-214. Cronbach, L.J. (2004). My Current Thoughts on Coefficient Alpha and Successor Procedures (Los Angeles: University of California No. CSE Report 643). Retrieved 2009, April 20, from http://epm.sagepub.com/content/64/3/391.full.pdf+html
• Damanpour, F. (1991). Organizational Innovation: A Meta Analysis of Effects of Determinants and Moderators. Academy of Management Journal, 34(3), 555- 590.
• Damanpour, F., & Gopalakrishnan, S. (1998). Theories of Organizational Structure and Innovation Adoption: The Role of Environmental Change. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 15, 1-24.
• Deloitte Consulting (1999) “ERP’s Second Wave: Maximizing The Value of ERPEnabled Processes”, http://www.deloitte.com/publications/m0499_1.html.
• Delone, W.H., & Mclean, E.R. (2003). The DeLone and McLean Model of Information Systems Success: A Ten Year Update. Journal of Management Information Systems, 19(4), 9-30.
• Dess, G.G. (1987). Consensus on Strategy Formulation and Organizational Performance: Competitors in a Fragmented Industry. Strategic Management Journal, 8, 259-277.
• Dess, G.G., & Origer, N. K. (1987). Environment, Structure and Consensus in Strategy Formulation: A Conceptual Integration. Academy of Management Review, 12(2), 313-330.
• Dess, G.G., & Priem, R. L. (1995). Consensus Performance Research: Theoretical and Empirical Extensions. Journal of Management Studies, 32(4), 401-417.
• Dooley, R.S., Fryxell, G.E., Judge, W.Q. (2000). Belaboring The Not-So-Obvious: Consensus, Commitment and Strategy Implementation Speed and Success. Journal of Management, 26(6), 1237-1257.
• Espinosa, J. A., Delone, W., Lee, G. (2006). Global Boundaries, Task Processes and IS Project Success: A Field Study. Information Technology&People, 19(4), 345-370.
• Fuentes, M.M., Albacete-Saez, C.A., Llorens-Montes, F.J. (2004). The Impact of Environmental Characteristics on TQM Principles and Organizational Performance. Omega, 32(6), 425-442.
• Gaski, J.F. (1984). The Theory of Power and Conflict in Channels of Distribution. Journal of Marketing, 48(3), 9-29.
• Grossman, T., & Walsh, J. (2004). Avoiding The Pitfalls of ERP System Implementation. Information Systems Management, 21(2), 38-42. DOI: 10.1201/1078/44118.21.2.20040301/80420.6
• Gyampah, K.A. (2004). ERP Implementation Factors A Comparison of Managerial and End User Perspectives. Business Process Management Journal, 10(2), 171-183.
• Gyampah, K.A., & Salam, A.F. (2004). An Extension of The Technology Acceptance Model in an ERP Implementation Environment. Information & Management, 41, 731-745.
• Holland, C.P., & Light, B. (1999). A Critical Success Factors Model for ERP Implementation. IEEE Software Review, 16(3), 30-36. DOI: 10.1109/52.765784
• Hong, K.K., & Kim, Y.G. (2002). The Critical Success Factors for ERP Implementation: An Organizational Fit Perspective. Information&Management, 40, 25-40.
• Hrebiniak, L.G., & Snow, C.C. (1982). Top Management Agreement and Organizational Performance. Human Relations, 35, 1139-1158.
• Hu, Q., & Quan, J.J. (2005). Evaluating The Impact of IT Investments on Productivity: A Causal Analysis at Industry Level. International Journal of Information Management, 25, 39-53.
• Hung, S.Y., Chang, S.I., Lee, P.J. (2004). Critical Factors of ERP Adoption for Small and Medium Sized Enterprises: An Empirical Study. Pasific Asia Conference on Information Systems (PACIS), 57, 724-737.
• Joseph, I.N., Rajendran, C., Kamalanabhan, T.J., Anantharaman, R. N. (1999). Organizational Factors and Total Quality Management An Empirical Study. International Journal of Production Research, 37(6), 1337-1352.
• Kassicieh, S.K., & Yourstone, S.A. (1998). Training, Performance Evaluation, Rewards and TQM Implementation Success. Journal of Quality Management, 3(1), 25-38.
• Kearns, G.S., & Lederer, A.L. (2004). The Impact of Industry Contextual Factors on IT Focus and The Use of IT for Competitive Advantage. Information&Management, 41, 899-919.
• King, W.R. (2005). Ensuring ERP Implementation Success. Information Systems Management, 22(3), 83-84.
• Kitchell, S. (1997). CEO Characteristics and Tecnological Innovativeness: A Canadian Perspective. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 14(2), 111-125.
• Knight, D., Pearce, C.L., Smith, K.G., Olian, J.D. (1999). Top Management Team Diversity, Group Process and Strategic Consensus. Strategic Management Journal, 20(5), 445-465.
• Knol, W.H.C., & Stroeken, J.H.M. (2001). The Diffusion and Adaption of Information Technology in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises Through IT Scenarios. Technology Anaysis & Strategic Management, 13(2), 227-246.
• Kraemmer, P., Moller, C., Boer, H. (2003). ERP Implementation: An Integrated Process of Radical Change and Continuous Learning. Production Planning&Control, 14(4), 338-348.
• Kumar, S., & Meade, D. (2002). Has MRP Run Its Course? A Review of Contemporary Developments in Planning Systems. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 102(8), 453-462.
• Liang, H., & Xue, Y. (2004). Coping with ERP Related Contextual Issues in SMEs: A Vendor’s Perspective. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 13, 399-415.
• Mabert, V., Soni, A., Venkataramanan, M. (2001). Enterprise Resource Planning: Common Myths Versus Evolving Reality. Business Horizons, 44(3), 69-76.
• Markus, M.L., Axline, S., Petrie, D., Tanis, C. (2000). Learning From Adopters’ Experiences with ERP: Problems Encountered and Success Achieved. Journal of Information Technology, 15, 245-265.
• Mercader, J.R., Cerdan, A.L.M., Sanchez, R.S. (2006). Information Technology and Learning: Their Relationship and Impact on Organisational Performance in Small Businesses. International Journal of Information Management, 26, 16- 29.
• Mitchell, V.W. (1994). How to identify psychographic segments: Part1. Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 12(7), 4-10.
• Ollila, E.M., & Lyytinen, K. (2003). Why Organizations Adopt Information System Process Innovations: A Longitudinal Study Using Diffusion of Innovation Theory. Information Systems Journal, 13, 275-297.
• Palmer, J.W., & Griffith, D.A. (1998). Information Intensity: A Paradigm for Understanding Web Site Design. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practices, 6(3), 38-42.
• Palvia, S.C., Sharma, R.S., Conrath, D.W. (2001). A Socio Technical Fremework for Quality Assessment of Computer Information Systems. Industrial Management&Data Systems, 101(5), 237-251.
• Pinto, J.K., & Slevin, D.P. (1987). Critical Factors in Successful Project Implementation. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 34(1), 22- 27.
• Porter, M.E., & Millar, V.E. (1985). How Information Gives You Competitive Advantage. Harvard Business Review, 63(4), 149-160.
• Poston, R., & Grabski, S. (2001). Financial Impacts of Enterprise Resource Planning Implementations. International Journal of Accounting Information Sytems, 2, 271-294.
• Premkumar, G., & Roberts, M. (1999). Adoption of New Information Technologies in Rural Small Businesses. Omega, 27, 467-484.
• Raghunathan , B.S., & Raghunathan, T.S. (1988). Impact of Top Management Support on IS Planning. The Journal of Information Systems, 2(2), 15-23.
• Raghunathan, B.S., Apigian, C.H., Raghunathan, T.S., Tu, Q. (2004). A Path Analytic Study of The Effect of Top Management Support for Information Systems Performance. Omega, 32, 459-471.
• Ramamurthy, K. (1994). Moderating Influences of Organizational Attitude and Compatibility on Implementation Success From Computer Integrated Manufacturing Technology. International Journal of Production Research, 32(10), 2251-2273.
• Ramamurthy, K., & Premkumar, G. (1995). Determinant and Outcomes of Electronic Data Interchange Diffusion. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 42(4), 332-351.
• Reck, J.L. (2004). Firm Performance Effects in Relation to The Implementation and Use of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems . Journal of Information Systems, 18(2), 107-110.
• Reimers, K. (2002). Implementing ERP Systems in China. IEEE Computer Society, 8, 3112-3121. DOI: 10.1109/HICSS.2002.994311
• Rogers, E. M. (1995). Diffusion of Innovations (4. ed.). New York, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri: Free Pres.
• Sharma, R., & Yetton, P. (2003). The Contingent Effects of Management Support and Task Interdependence on Successful Information Systems Implementation . MIS Quarterly, 27(4), 533-555.
• Somers, T.M. & Nelson, K. (2001) The Impact of Critical Success Factors Across The Stages of Enterprise Resource Planning Implementations, Proceedings of The 34th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, s. 1-10.
• St.John, C., & Rue, L. (1991). Research Notes and Communications Coordinating Mechanisms, Consensus Between Marketing and Manufacturing Groups and Marketplace Performance . Strategic Management Journal, 12, 549-555.
• Stenbeck, J. (1998). Evolving Enterprise. Information Technologies for Manufacturing Competitiveness, 1(2), 1-9.
• Strandholm, K., Kumar, K., Subramanian, R. (2004). Examining The Interrelationships Among Perceived Environmental Change, Strategic Response, Managerial Characteristics and Organizational Performance. Journal of Business Research, 57, 58-68.
• Stratman, J.K., & Roth, A.V. (2002). Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Competence Constructs: Two-Stage Multi-Item Scale Development and Validation. Decision Sciences, 33(4), 601-628.
• Sum, C.C., Ang, J.S.K., Yeo, L.N. (1997). Contextual Elements of Critical Success Factors in MRP Implementation. Production and Inventory Management Journal, 38(3), 77-82.
• Thong, J.Y.L. (1999). An Integrated Model of Information Systems Adoption in Small Businesses . Journal of Management Information Systems, 15(4), 187-214.
• Thong, J.Y.L., Yap, C.S., Raman, K.S. (1996). Top Management Support, External Expertise and Information Systems Implementation in Small Businesses. Information Systems Research, 7(2), 248-267.
• Thong, J.Y.L., Yap, C.S., Raman, K.S. (1997). Environments for Information Systems Implementation in Small Businesses . Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 7(4), 253-278.
• Thornhill, S. (2006). Knowledge, Innovation and Firm Performance in High and Low Technology Regimes. Journal of Business Venturing, 21, 687-703.
• Torkzadeh, G., & Doll, W.J. (1999). The Development of a Tool For Measuring The Perceived Impact of Information Technology on Work. Omega, 27, 327-339.
• Umble, E.J., & Umble, M.M. (2002). Avoiding ERP Implementation Failure. Industrial Management, 44(1), 25-33.
• Wang, E.T.G. (2001). Linking Organizational Context with Structure: A Preliminary Investigation of The Information Processing View . Omega, 29, 429-443.
• Weill, P. (1992). The Relationship Between Investment in Information Technology and Firm Performance: A Study of The Valve Manufacturing Sector. Information Systems Research, 3(4), 307-333.
• Weill, P., & Olson, M.H. (1989). Managing Investment in Information Technology: Mini Case Examples and Implications. MIS Quarterly, 13(1), 3-17.
• West, C.T., & Schwenk, C.R. (1996). Top Management Team Strategic Consensus, Demographic Homogenity and Firm Performance: A Report of Resounding Nonfindings. Strategic Management Journal, 17(7), 571-576.
• Westerberg, M., Singh, J., Hackner, E. (1997). Does The CEO Matter? An Empirical Study of Small Swedish Firms Operating in Turbulent Environments. Scandanavian Journal of Management, 13(3), 251-270..
• Zhang, L., Lee, M.K.O., Zhang, Z., Banerjee, P. (2003). Critical Success Factors of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems Implementation Success in China. IEEE Computer Society, 8(8), 1-10.
• Zviran, M., & Erlich, Z. (2003). Measuring IS User Satisfaction: Review and Implications. Communications of The Association for Information Systems, 12, 81-103.