BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Ekonomilerin Kültürleştirilmesi, Kültürlerin “Ekonomileştirilmesi”: Türkiye’de Din ve Girişimcilik

Yıl 2008, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 165 - 171, 01.06.2008

Öz

Bu makale, küresel kapitalizm ve kültür arasındaki ilişkiyi Islami girişimciler örneği üzerinden analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Küreselleşme süreci, genellikle, yerel ve geleneksel kültürel değerleri aşındıran veya ortadan kaldıran evrensel ve yeknesaklaştırıcı bir süreç olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Buna karşılık, kimlik ve kültürel değerlere yapılan vurgu ise, metalaşmaya veya piyasaya karşı bir direniş olarak algılanmaktadır. Ancak, bu makale, kültür ve metalaşma, kültür ve piyasa ekonomisi arasında kurulan böylesi bir karşıtlık ilişkisinin, günümüzde yaşanan ekonomik ve kültürel süreçleri eksik kavramsallaştırdığını ileri sürmektedir. Karşıtlıktan daha ziyade, günümüzde kültürel sembol ve değerlerin kapitalist ekonomik mantık ile eklemlendiğini söylemek daha doğru olacaktır; Bir yandan, kültürel sembol ve değerler, yerel ve küresel ekonomik aktörler tarafından yerelleşmenin ve girişimciliğin kaynakları olarak mobilize edilirken, diğer taraftan, ekonominin kültürelleştirilmesi ve “ahlakileştirilmesi”, piyasa ekonomisinin yarattığı eşitsizlikleri meşrulaştırmakta, dolayısıyla da piyasa ekonomisine karşı muhalefeti nötralize etmektedir. Bu kuramsal bağlamda, makale İslami girişimcilerin toplumsal kökenleri ve karakteristiklerini, gelişim dinamiklerini ve kültürel özelliklerini incelemektedir

Kaynakça

  • Adaş, E. B. (2006). The Making of Entreprenuerial Islam and Islamic Spirit of Capitalism. Journal for Cultural Research, 10(2):113-137.
  • Adnan. Z. (1990). Islamic Religion: Yes, Islamic ideology: No! Islam and state in Indonesia. In: A. Budiman, ed., State and Civil Society in Indonesia. Monash University Press Clayton, Victoria.
  • Akın, E. and Karasapan, O. (1988). The ‘Turkish-Islamic Synthesis.’ Middle East Report, no.153.
  • Barber, B. (1995). Jihad vs. McWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism are Reshaping the World. Ballantine Books, New York.
  • Boltanski, L. and Chiapello, E. (1999). Le Nouvel Esprit Du Capitalisme, Paris: Editions Gallimard.
  • Buğra, A. (1994). State and Business in Modern Turkey: A Comparative Study. State University of New York Press, Albany.
  • Buğra, A. (1998). Class, culture, and state: an analysis of interest representation by two turkish business associations. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 30(4):521-539.
  • Bulut, F. (1997). Tarikat Sermayesinin Yükselişi. [The Rise of Religious Order Capital] Boyut Yayıncılık, İstanbul.
  • Davis, M. (1985). Reagonomics’ Magical Mystery Tour. New Left Review, 149:45-65.
  • Davis, M. (1987). From Fordism to Reaganism. In: R. Rush and G. Johnston Coates, eds., The World Order: Socialist Perspectives. Polity Press, Cambridge.
  • Hall, S. (1979). The Great Moving Right Show. Marxism Today, November 11: 24-29.
  • Hall, S. (1985). Authoritarian Populism: A Reply to Jessop. New Left Review, 151:115-123.
  • Jessop, B (1985). Thatcherism and the Politics of Hegemony: A Reply to Stuart Hall. New Left Review, 153:87-101.
  • Jessop, B., Bonnet, S. Bromley & T. Ling (1987). Popular Capitalism, Flexible Accumulation and Left Strategy. New Left Review, 165:104-122.
  • Keyder, C. (1987). State and Class in Turkey. Verso, London.
  • Lewis, Bernard. (1961). The Emergence of Modern Turkey: Oxford University Press, London.
  • Ong, A. (1999). Flexible Citizenship: The Cultural Logics of Transnationality. Duke University Press, Durham.
  • Özdemir, Ş. (2006). MÜSİAD: Anadolu Sermayesinin Dönüşümü, Türk Modernleşmesinin Derinleşmesi. Ankara: Vadi Yayınları.
  • Pınarcıoğlu, M. (1998). Peripheral Development and the Rise of Entreprenuerialism: The Characteristics of Anatolian Tigers and a Comparison between the Local Textile and Clothing Industries of Bursa and Denizli” Paper presented at, International Conference on Economics, METU-ERC, 9-12 September. Ankara.
  • Shamsul, A. B. (1997). Identity construction, nation formation, and Islamic revivalism in Malaysia. In: R. W. Heffner and P. Hortavitch. eds., Islam in an Era of Nation-States: Politics and Religious Renewal in Muslim Southeast Asia. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu

Culturalizing Economies, “Economizing” Cultures: Religion and Entrepreneurship in Turkey

Yıl 2008, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 165 - 171, 01.06.2008

Öz

This article aims to examine the relationship between global capitalism and culture through a case of Islamic entrepreneurs in Turkey. The process of globalization has often been considered as a universalizing and homogenizing process that would annihilate local and traditional cultural values and identity. The assertion of identity and cultural values, therefore, is seen as a resistance against the homogenizing effect of marketization and commoditization. This article criticizes such an antagonistic understanding of culture and commodity, culture and market economy. It argues that deepening process of global capitalism has led to a process of culturalization of economic practices wherein cultural symbols and values are increasingly articulated with economic logic of capitalism. Cultural values and symbols are used by corporations as resources for localization and entrepreneurship, while culturalizing and moralizing economy also works to mediate the inequalities it causes and attempts to neutralize the resistance against it. Within this theoretical context, the article examines social origins and characteristics of Islamic entrepreneurs, their development and cultural aspects

Kaynakça

  • Adaş, E. B. (2006). The Making of Entreprenuerial Islam and Islamic Spirit of Capitalism. Journal for Cultural Research, 10(2):113-137.
  • Adnan. Z. (1990). Islamic Religion: Yes, Islamic ideology: No! Islam and state in Indonesia. In: A. Budiman, ed., State and Civil Society in Indonesia. Monash University Press Clayton, Victoria.
  • Akın, E. and Karasapan, O. (1988). The ‘Turkish-Islamic Synthesis.’ Middle East Report, no.153.
  • Barber, B. (1995). Jihad vs. McWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism are Reshaping the World. Ballantine Books, New York.
  • Boltanski, L. and Chiapello, E. (1999). Le Nouvel Esprit Du Capitalisme, Paris: Editions Gallimard.
  • Buğra, A. (1994). State and Business in Modern Turkey: A Comparative Study. State University of New York Press, Albany.
  • Buğra, A. (1998). Class, culture, and state: an analysis of interest representation by two turkish business associations. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 30(4):521-539.
  • Bulut, F. (1997). Tarikat Sermayesinin Yükselişi. [The Rise of Religious Order Capital] Boyut Yayıncılık, İstanbul.
  • Davis, M. (1985). Reagonomics’ Magical Mystery Tour. New Left Review, 149:45-65.
  • Davis, M. (1987). From Fordism to Reaganism. In: R. Rush and G. Johnston Coates, eds., The World Order: Socialist Perspectives. Polity Press, Cambridge.
  • Hall, S. (1979). The Great Moving Right Show. Marxism Today, November 11: 24-29.
  • Hall, S. (1985). Authoritarian Populism: A Reply to Jessop. New Left Review, 151:115-123.
  • Jessop, B (1985). Thatcherism and the Politics of Hegemony: A Reply to Stuart Hall. New Left Review, 153:87-101.
  • Jessop, B., Bonnet, S. Bromley & T. Ling (1987). Popular Capitalism, Flexible Accumulation and Left Strategy. New Left Review, 165:104-122.
  • Keyder, C. (1987). State and Class in Turkey. Verso, London.
  • Lewis, Bernard. (1961). The Emergence of Modern Turkey: Oxford University Press, London.
  • Ong, A. (1999). Flexible Citizenship: The Cultural Logics of Transnationality. Duke University Press, Durham.
  • Özdemir, Ş. (2006). MÜSİAD: Anadolu Sermayesinin Dönüşümü, Türk Modernleşmesinin Derinleşmesi. Ankara: Vadi Yayınları.
  • Pınarcıoğlu, M. (1998). Peripheral Development and the Rise of Entreprenuerialism: The Characteristics of Anatolian Tigers and a Comparison between the Local Textile and Clothing Industries of Bursa and Denizli” Paper presented at, International Conference on Economics, METU-ERC, 9-12 September. Ankara.
  • Shamsul, A. B. (1997). Identity construction, nation formation, and Islamic revivalism in Malaysia. In: R. W. Heffner and P. Hortavitch. eds., Islam in an Era of Nation-States: Politics and Religious Renewal in Muslim Southeast Asia. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu
Toplam 20 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA32PY96MY
Bölüm Makale
Yazarlar

Emin Baki Adaş Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2008
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Haziran 2008
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2008 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Adaş, E. B. (2008). Culturalizing Economies, “Economizing” Cultures: Religion and Entrepreneurship in Turkey. Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 7(1), 165-171.